The present invention provides a rapid and efficient detection method of brassinosteroid. The rapid and efficient detection method comprises: adopting fresh grape fruits as a material, rapidly grinding into powder with liquid nitrogen, adding 80-95% methanol, isotope internal standard 2H3 brassinosteroid and 2H3 brassin sterone, carrying out low temperature ultrasonic extraction, standing for 2-5h, filtering, taking the filtration residue, adding 80-95% methanol, leaching for 1-2 h, filtering, merging the two filtrates, carrying out physical adsorption to remove the water, sequentially loading onto a C18 column, a sephadex LH-20 column and a silica column, eluting with methanol to obtain an enriched sample liquid, adding phenylboronic acid, carrying out a derivatization reaction, cooling, concentrating to achieve a dry state, redissolving with acetonitrile so as to be used for liquid chromatography determination, selecting acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase, and collecting the target peak, wherein a volume ratio of the acetonitrile to water is (6:4)-(9:1), and the elution way is isocratic elution. The method of the present invention has characteristics of rapidness, efficiency, stable baseline and good brassinosteroid separation.