43results about "Electron multiplier details" patented technology

The invention relates to a gradient diameter microchannel plate and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a transparent material into a sheet-shaped substrate; the method comprises the following steps: processing conical array micropores in a substrate by using femtosecond laser to obtain a gradient-diameter substrate; when the conical array micropores are processed, the inlet end is firstly etched to form an opening, then the diameter is gradually and uniformly reduced to the outlet end, and the diameter of the inlet end is greater than that of the outlet end; the ratio of the hole depth of the conical array micropores to the diameter of the outlet end is 30-200, and the taper angle is 1-5 degrees; preparing AlO-SiO-BOsol containing Cs, uniformly coating the AlO-SiO-BOsol on the inner walls of the conical array micropores, and then carrying out hydrogen reduction to obtain a microchannel blank plate; and plating electrodes at the two ends of the micro-channel blank plate to obtain the gradient-diameter micro-channel plate. The gradient diameter microchannel plate provided by the invention has the advantages of high gain and low noise, and is more practical.

A high-gain photomultiplier tube and a method for manufacturing the same. The photomultiplier tube comprises an upper ceramic substrate and a lower ceramic substrate, with a photocathode, a grid, an anode, and a plurality of electron multipliers disposed between the two ceramic substrates. A metal conductive film is deposited on the surfaces of the upper and lower ceramic substrates opposite the electron multipliers, and the metal conductive film is in mechanical contact with each electron multiplier. The photocathode, grid, anode, and electron multipliers are each connected and fixed to the ceramic substrate via positioning pins. A voltage divider resistor is connected between the photocathode and the positioning pin of the first-stage electron multiplier, between the positioning pins of two adjacent electron multipliers, and between the positioning pin of the last-stage electron multiplier and ground. The potential of each electron multiplier is set by adjusting the voltage divider resistor, and the potential difference between two adjacent electron multipliers and the potential difference between the last-stage electron multiplier and ground is in the form of a differentiated voltage divider. The present invention improves the gain and lifespan of the photomultiplier tube.

The invention relates to colloidal quantum dots on a silicon photomultiplier microcell matrix. The techniques employ colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) in which a CQD layer is disposed on an array of SiPM microcells of an image sensor for an imaging module. The CQD layer and the microcell array are individually biased. A method includes biasing a CQD layer of an imaging module at a first voltage, and biasing an array of photomultiplier microcells at a second voltage. Upon receiving photons, the CQD layer generates charge in response. Charge moves from the CQD layer into the array, where at least one photomultiplier microcell amplifies the charge. A signal is then output from the imaging module in accordance with the amplified charge. This method can significantly improve the photon detection efficiency of the imaging element, which can be used in a wide range of applications such as lidar, medical imaging and night vision or in other weak light imaging scenarios.

To further enhance high-speed responsiveness.SOLUTION: A light emitting body 10 converts incident electrons into light. The light emitting body 10 includes a multi-quantum-well structure 14C that emits light upon incidence of electrons. A well layer 141 of the multi-quantum-well structure 14C is 0.2 nm or more and less than 1.5 nm thick. The concentration of additives added to a barrier layer 142 and the well layer 141 constituting the multi-quantum-well structure 14C is greater than 4×1018 cm-3 and equal to or less than 1×1020 cm-3.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

An electron tube is provided in which electrons emitted from an electron emitting section can be reliably made to reach an electron multiplier section, and the electrons can be reliably multiplied in the electron multiplier section. [Solution] The electron tube (1) comprises an electron emitter (3) including a metasurface (32) that emits electrons in response to incidence of electromagnetic waves (W), an electron multiplier (4) that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emitter (3), and a first mesh electrode (5) arranged between the electron emitter (3) and the electron multiplier (4). The electron multiplier (4) has an electron incidence region (4a) onto which the electrons emitted from the electron emitter (3) are incident. The distance α between the metasurface (32) and the electron incidence region (4a) is smaller than the width β of the electron incidence region (4a).

The application provides a full fluorescence yield detector for in-situ soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy, which is based on a photomultiplier and can collect weak fluorescence signals excited by soft X-rays under in-situ conditions (reactions under simulated complex environment conditions). A large-diameter photomultiplier is used and the top angle of the detector is improved to increase the fluorescence collection angle as much as possible to improve the signal strength; double gold meshes are used and different voltages are added to shield interference signals such as photoelectrons and positive ions of non-fluorescence yield at the same time; a spliced half-cylinder barrel design is used to realize shielding and facilitate maintenance and replacement of the photomultiplier; a spring and rubber pad are used in cooperation with a screw to fasten the mode, which can maintain good electrode contact while avoiding overpressure damage to the photomultiplier and can work stably in a vibrating environment. The application optimizes the detector from the aspects of the structure of the detector, detection efficiency, signal interference shielding, maintenance convenience and the like.

The invention discloses a hybrid photomultiplier coaxial output structure based on a microstrip line. The hybrid photomultiplier coaxial output structure comprises a semiconductor detector, a bonding wire, the microstrip line, a ground electrode, a lead pin, a medium, an outer conductor base and a detector lead pin. The semiconductor detector is used for receiving the photoelectrons converted by the photoelectric cathode and generating a current signal; the bonding wire is used for electrically connecting the semiconductor detector and the microstrip structure; the microstrip line and the ground electrode adopt gold-plated kovar alloy parts to form an in-tube microstrip structure; the guide pin and the detector guide pin are kovar alloy guide pins and form an inner conductor with a coaxial structure; the outer conductor base is a kovar alloy disc and forms an outer conductor with a coaxial structure; the medium is glass or ceramic. According to the coaxial output structure, a vacuum tube is of a 50-ohm microstrip structure, the exterior of the vacuum tube is of a 50-ohm SMA coaxial structure, and a complete 50-ohm coaxial line is formed by connecting a microstrip line and a guide pin together. The structure provided by the invention has the advantages of high transmission speed, small signal reflection and oscillation and the like, and is more beneficial to detection of ultrafast optical pulse signals.

An electron tube used by being attached to an external device, including a housing having a light incident window including a light incident surface and allowing light from the external device to be incident thereon through the light incident surface, a photoelectric conversion portion disposed inside the housing to face the light incident window, and configured to emit electrons in response to the light incident from the light incident window, an electron multiplier portion disposed inside the housing and configured to multiply electrons emitted from the photoelectric conversion portion, and a positioning member formed separately from the light incident window and fixed to the light incident surface, the positioning member having a light passing portion passing the light from the external device toward the light incident surface, in which the positioning member has a reference portion serving as a reference for mechanical positioning with respect to the external device.

Provided is an electron tube comprising: an electron emitting part including a metasurface that emits electrons in response to incidence of electromagnetic waves; an electron multiplying part that multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emitting part; and a first mesh electrode disposed between the electron emitting part and the electron multiplying part. The electron multiplying part has an electron incident region on which the electrons emitted from the electron emitting part are incident. The distance between the metasurface and the electron incident region is inferior to the width of the electron incident region.

The invention provides a high-efficiency X-ray imager containing a built-in transmission line and a preparation method of the high-efficiency X-ray imager. A conductive strip is arranged on the input surface of a lower micro-channel plate, conductive strips are arranged on the input surface and the output surface of an upper micro-channel plate, and the output surface of the upper micro-channel plate is oppositely attached to the input surface of the lower micro-channel plate; the conduction band strip units on the two faces are in one-to-one correspondence, and the micro-channels of the two micro-channel plates are in butt joint to form the micro-channel plate assembly. According to the micro-channel plate assembly, the two groups of micro-channels are in butt joint with each other, the gain is improved, detection of weak electronic signals is met, meanwhile, the design of the conductive strips and the built-in transmission lines formed by the conductive strips is combined, multi-mode polaritons are excited under the single frequency, and the requirement for parallel processing of multi-dimensional information is met.

The invention discloses a time spectrometer system and method based on a microchannel plate photomultiplier (MCP-PMT). The constant proportion discriminator is triggered by adopting an attenuation branch / delay branch differential zero crossing point, and performs latch width limiting and level conversion on a trigger pulse; fPGA-based multi-level carry chain time TDC is adopted, and parallel tap sampling, bubble suppression and code density calibration table look-up correction are carried out; a processing flow of time window histogram accumulation, a first effective hit strategy, a background adaptive threshold and multi-peak positioning and fitting is adopted. According to the invention, the picosecond-level timing precision is obtained at a low clock rate, the sensitivity and precision of weak light signal flight time distance measurement are significantly improved, and the method is suitable for laser radar imaging and high time sequence of time correlation single photon counting, can realize sub-hundred picosecond-level time resolution, and is suitable for flight time distance measurement under a weak light condition.

The invention relates to edge-covered glass for a micro-channel plate, a preparation method of the edge-covered glass and the micro-channel plate, and belongs to the field of glass for micro-channel plates. The composition for the edge-covering glass for the micro-channel plate comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass of oxides: 52-70% of SiO2; 4 to 6 percent of Al2O3; 1 to 3% of Y2O3; 4 to 6 percent of K2O; 2 to 4 percent of Na2O; the sum of the contents of the Nb2O5 and the MoO3 is 14 to 22 percent; the sum of the content of MgO and the content of CaO is 5-8%. Specific components are selected, and the ratio of the components is adjusted, so that the edge-covered glass has a relatively strong framework, the bending strength is greater than or equal to 70MPa, the transformation temperature Tg is greater than or equal to 650 DEG C, the softening temperature Tf is greater than or equal to 710 DEG C, and the thermal expansion coefficient is 75-80 * 10 <-7 > / DEG C; and the glass is better matched with third-generation leather glass. The obtained micro-channel plate is not deformed or damaged after being prepared in a whole process.

The invention relates to the technical field of optical detectors, and provides an optical detector potting method and a potting tool. The optical detector potting method comprises the following steps: S110, potting a pretreated glue solution into an annular gap to obtain a first potting assembly, and sealing and buckling an upper half cabin body to a lower half cabin body to obtain a second potting assembly; s120, negative pressure pumping is conducted on the interior of the second filling and sealing assembly till the pressure reaches the first set pressure intensity, and pressure maintaining is conducted for the first set duration according to the pressure intensity; s130, after pressure maintaining is completed, pressure maintaining aftertreatment is conducted; repeating the step S110 to the step S130 for N times until the annular gap is filled with the glue solution; after the first to (N-1) th pressure maintaining is completed, gradually releasing vacuum within a second set time period to gradually recover the interior of the glass ball cabin to the standard atmospheric pressure, and after the Nth pressure maintaining is completed, gradually releasing vacuum within a third set time period to gradually recover the interior of the glass ball cabin to the second set pressure intensity, and maintaining the pressure for a fourth set time period, the pressure intensity of the second set pressure intensity is greater than the first set pressure intensity.

To provide a light detection unit capable of suppressing a conductive material for grounding from interfering with a photomultiplier tube, and a radiation detector.SOLUTION: A light detection unit 10 includes a photomultiplier tube 11, a circuit part 12, a housing 13, and an elastic conductive member 14. The housing 13 houses the photomultiplier tube 11 and the circuit part 12. The circuit part 12 has a ground terminal 12a to which reference potential is supplied from outside. The elastic conductive member 14 connects a grounding part 13a inside the housing 13 and the ground terminal 12a. A state in which the photomultiplier tube 11 and the circuit part 12 are housed inside the housing 13 is a state that a length between both ends of the elastic conductive member 14 is at least a natural length and a restoring force of at least zero acts between both ends of the elastic conductive member 14.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A charged particle beam device includes: a stage 124 on which a sample 108 is to be placed; a charged particle optical system including a charged particle source 113 and an objective lens 121 that focuses a charged particle beam from the charged particle source onto the sample; and a detector 123 disposed between the objective lens and the stage and configured to detect electrons 109 emitted by an interaction between the charged particle beam and the sample. The stage, the charged particle optical system, and the detector are housed in a vacuum housing 112, and the detector includes a scintillator 107, a solid-state photomultiplier tube 104, and a light guide 106 provided between the scintillator and the solid-state photomultiplier tube, and an area of a light receiving surface of the scintillator is larger than an area of a light receiving surface of the solid-state photomultiplier tube.

To provide a night vision system along with an image intensifier tube and a method for forming the image intensifier tube.SOLUTION: A night vision system incorporates an image intensifier tube in both the analog and digital channels, and is configured to allow an addressable display in an analog image intensifier tube analog channel to produce an electronically addressable output. The analog image intensifier tube is included within a digital imaging device to present a binary digital signal representing an image or symbol indicia and register the digital representation from the digital imaging device to one or more electronic multipliers of the analog image intensifier tube in the analog channel. The night vision system provided also utilizes a cathode luminescent screen which is a highly efficient light source that reduces system power.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

The invention relates to a microchannel wafer (18) comprising a body (39) provided with a plurality of tubular microchannels (25) whose axes of revolution are parallel to each other; and a functionalization layer (33) present on an internal surface of each microchannel (25). According to the invention, the constituent material of the body (39) is pure silica. Figure for the abstract: Fig 5

A photodetector comprising: an incident surface plate on which a photoelectric surface is formed which emits photoelectrons according to the incident light;and a semiconductor element arranged to face the photoelectric surface along a first direction and configured to detect photoelectrons emitted by the photoelectric surface, wherein the semiconductor element: has a first section with an electron-incidence surface facing the photoelectric surface and containing a plurality of channels spaced apart from one another along a second direction intersecting the first direction, and comprises a second section arranged at least at both end faces of the electron-incidence surface in the second direction and being thicker than the first section by projecting towards the side of the photoelectric surface relative to the electron-incidence surface.

The utility model relates to the technical field of photomultipliers, and discloses a photomultiplier fixing frame which comprises a fixing bottom plate, an angle adjusting assembly and an adjusting disc, the angle adjusting assembly is installed at the top end of the fixing bottom plate, and the adjusting disc is installed on the fixing bottom plate. The adjusting disc is installed at the top end of the fixed bottom plate in an angle-adjustable mode through an angle adjusting assembly, and a bearing disc is fixed to the top end of the adjusting disc. According to the photomultiplier tube fixing frame, five photomultiplier tube bodies can be installed on the fixing frame, the fixing frame can be installed according to actual conditions, the fixing frame is very flexible and adapts to different use environments, the photomultiplier tube bodies on the corresponding second lifting discs can be moved upwards or downwards, the photomultiplier tube bodies are moved out of the tube cavities to be used, and the photomultiplier tube fixing frame is convenient to use. The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft, the rotating block and the rotating column are matched, so that the adjusting disc and the fixed bottom plate rotate in the transverse direction or the longitudinal direction.

This light-emitting body (10) converts incident charged particles into light, and the light-emitting body (10) is provided with a multiple quantum well structure (14C) that emits light upon incidence of charged particles. The thickness of a well layer (141) constituting the multiple quantum well structure (14C) is 0.2 nm or more and less than 1.5 nm. The concentration of an additive added to a barrier layer (142) and the well layer (141) constituting the multiple quantum well structure (14C) is greater than 4×1018cm-3 and less than or equal to 1×1020cm-3.　If the thickness of the well layer and the concentration of the additive of the barrier layer and the well layer can be optimized, the afterglow time can be reduced while maintaining the light emission intensity, and the high-speed responsiveness can be further enhanced.

The invention discloses a photomultiplier tube packaging device and method, and particularly relates to the technical field of photomultiplier tube packaging, the photomultiplier tube packaging device comprises a base, a photomultiplier core assembly is fixedly installed on the base, a pin of the photomultiplier core assembly penetrates through the base, a glass cover window is arranged at the top end of the base, and the glass cover window is arranged on the base. The photoelectric multiplication core assembly is packaged between the glass cover window and the base in a vacuum mode, a sealing bottom frame is arranged at the bottom end of the base, a packaging top cover is arranged at the top end of the sealing bottom frame, the glass cover window is located in the packaging top cover, and shielding layers are arranged on the inner walls of the sealing bottom frame and the packaging top cover. A side window is formed in one side of the packaging top cover, a cooling part is arranged on the side, away from the side window, of the packaging top cover, the photomultiplier core assembly is packaged through the base, the sealing bottom frame and the packaging top cover, multi-stage sealing of the photomultiplier core assembly can be achieved, and therefore the packaging effect of the whole photomultiplier is improved.

The utility model relates to a mechanical installation structure of a small electron multiplier. The mechanical installation structure is composed of a shell, a photomultiplier plate, a pressing plate, a protection cover and an insulation screw. The shell comprises a middle circular hollow area and an embedded area; the photomultiplier plate is fastened with a photomultiplier plate mounting screw hole in the bottom wall of the embedded region through an insulating screw; the pressing plate is placed at the upper part of the photomultiplier plate and is fastened with the pressing plate screw holes in the bottom wall of the embedded area through insulating screws; and the protective cover is fastened with the protective cover mounting screw holes in the outer side of the step avoiding part of the embedded area through insulating screws. The mechanical installation structure of the small-sized electron multiplier is simple in design and small in size, can be installed in a narrow detection space, and meets the requirements of special fields requiring electronic amplification. And an innovative voltage applying design is adopted, so that the problem of applying voltage to the photomultiplier plate which is low in thickness and brittle in material is solved.

An electron tube capable of improving resistance to vibration or impact is provided. [Solution] The electron tube 1 comprises a housing 2 having a window 21a that transmits electromagnetic waves W, an electron emitter 3 that is disposed within the housing 2 facing the window 21a and includes a metasurface 32 that emits electrons on the side opposite the window 21a in response to the incidence of the electromagnetic waves W, and an electron multiplier 4 that is disposed within the housing 2 on the side opposite the window 21a with respect to the electron emitter 3 and multiplies the electrons emitted from the electron emitter 3. The electron multiplier 4 is fixed to the housing 2. The electron emitter 3 is fixed to the electron multiplier 4.

The invention discloses a wavelength-tunable photomultiplier detector based on an optical microcavity, which is used for solving the problems of complex structure, low light utilization efficiency and the like of the traditional silicon-based RGB three-color detector. The wavelength tunable photomultiplier detector based on the optical microcavity comprises a transparent electrode ITO, a hole transport layer PEDOT: PSS, an organic active layer P3HT: PC71BM (100: 1, w / w), a metal electrode Al and the optical microcavity which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the structure of the optical resonance microcavity is Ag / LiF / Ag. According to the device, a trap auxiliary multiplication mechanism in a photomultiplication detector and a spectrum narrowing regulation and control function of an optical microcavity are integrated, so that the detection wavelength can be tuned, and a response spectrum can be limited to three characteristic narrow bands, namely, RGB (Red, Green, Blue). By means of the obvious photomultiplication effect in the RGB wave band, the responsivity and the quantum efficiency are improved by more than two orders of magnitude compared with those of a traditional RGB detector without a multiplication mechanism, and an effective solution is provided for weak light detection.

The invention relates to a high-gain photomultiplier and a manufacturing method thereof, the photomultiplier comprises an upper layer ceramic substrate and a lower layer ceramic substrate, and a photoelectric cathode, a grid mesh, an anode and a plurality of electron dynodes are arranged between the two layers of ceramic substrates; metal conductive films are deposited on the surfaces of the upper and lower layers of ceramic substrates opposite to the electron dynodes, and the metal conductive films are in mechanical contact with the electron dynodes; the photoelectric cathode, the grid mesh, the anode and the electron dynodes are respectively connected and fixed on the ceramic substrate through positioning pins, divider resistors are respectively connected between the photoelectric cathode and the positioning pin of the first-stage electron dynode, between the positioning pins of two adjacent stages of electron dynodes, and between the positioning pin of the last-stage electron dynode and the ground; the potential of each stage of electron dynode is set by regulating and controlling the divider resistor, and the potential difference between every two adjacent stages of electron dynodes and the potential difference between the last stage of electron dynode and the ground are in a differential voltage division form. The gain and the service life of the photomultiplier are improved.

The utility model provides a photomultiplier tube device, which solves the problems that the existing photomultiplier tube is poor in cooling efficiency and affects the working performance of the photomultiplier tube, and comprises a thermal insulation layer and a refrigeration module, an electromagnetic shielding tube is arranged in the thermal insulation layer, and the photomultiplier tube is inserted on a tube seat and arranged in the electromagnetic shielding tube; the heat preservation layer is further provided with an opening, and the end, away from the pipe base, of the electromagnetic shielding pipe is attached to the refrigeration module through the opening of the heat preservation layer. Through the opening design of the heat preservation layer, the refrigeration module is directly and tightly attached to the electromagnetic shielding pipe, the size of the opening of the heat preservation layer is matched with the attaching size of the refrigeration module and the electromagnetic shielding pipe, direct and efficient heat transfer is achieved, meanwhile, temperature control over the environment where the photomultiplier is located is achieved, and it is guaranteed that the working temperature is stable; therefore, the detection result of the photomultiplier is accurate and reliable.

The utility model discloses a mounting mechanism based on a photomultiplier tube, which relates to the technical field of photomultiplier tube mounting, and comprises a photomultiplier tube seat, a power supply base, a photomultiplier tube sleeve and a photomultiplier tube, a groove is arranged in the power supply base, an elastic sheet is arranged in the groove, two sides of the top of the elastic sheet are fixedly connected with movable sheets, and the movable sheets are fixedly connected with the photomultiplier tube sleeve. The elastic piece, the movable piece and the convex block are of an integrated structure, a lantern ring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the photomultiplier tube, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the lantern ring, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting plate, and the connecting block is in a cylindrical shape; the connecting block extends into the groove, is located in the elastic piece and is movably connected with the elastic piece. According to the installation mechanism based on the photomultiplier, through cooperation of the elastic sheets, the connecting blocks and the screws, waste of resources can be avoided, and meanwhile the maintenance cost is reduced.

A photodetector is provided with: an incident panel on which a photoelectric surface that emits photoelectrons in response to incident light is formed; and a semiconductor element for detecting the photoelectrons released from the photoelectric surface, the semiconductor element having: a first portion having an electron incident surface, which is a surface facing the photoelectric surface, the electron incident surface being a surface facing the photoelectric surface, the electron incident surface being a surface facing the photoelectric surface, and the electron incident surface being a surface facing the photoelectric surface; comprising a plurality of channels arranged at intervals along a second direction crossing the first direction; and a second portion provided at least on both end sides of the electron incident surface in the second direction, and formed to be thicker than the first portion by protruding further toward the photoelectric surface side than the electron incident surface.

The application relates to a gradient-diameter micro-channel plate and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the steps of the preparation method comprise the following: preparing a sheet-shaped base plate from a transparent material; using a femtosecond laser to process a tapered array of micro-holes on the base plate to obtain a gradient-diameter base plate; when the tapered array of micro-holes is processed, the entrance end is first etched to form an opening, and then the diameter is uniformly shrunk step by step to the exit end, and the diameter of the entrance end is larger than that of the exit end; the ratio of the hole depth of the tapered array of micro-holes to the diameter of the exit end is 30-200, and the taper angle is 1-5 DEG; an Al2O3-SiO2-B2O3 sol containing Cs is prepared, is uniformly coated on the inner wall of the tapered array of micro-holes, and is subjected to hydrogen reduction to obtain a micro-channel blank plate; electrodes are plated on both ends of the micro-channel blank plate to obtain the gradient-diameter micro-channel plate. The gradient-diameter micro-channel plate provided by the application has the advantages of high gain and low noise, and is more suitable for practical use.