The invention discloses a nanofiber filter layer production device. The device comprises an unwinding end, a winding end, a mounting shell, a reciprocating dropping mechanism and a high-pressure device, the reciprocating liquid dropping mechanism comprises a plurality of rope bodies, a plurality of liquid drop discharging devices, a fixing plate and a side driving piece, the unwinding end and thewinding end are distributed on the two sides of the mounting shell, a base material is wound by the winding end after being released by the unwinding end, the base material moves along the high-pressure section, the reciprocating liquid dropping mechanism drops material liquid drops to the rope body, and the material liquid drops are drawn upwards under the action of the high-pressure section andcover the base material. The high-pressure device forms upward power, a liquid outlet spray head is positioned below the side of the rope body, the liquid outlet spray head discharges liquid along theside face of the rope body, the liquid moves upwards under the action of the high-pressure section, the liquid drops contact with the lower portion of the rope body and then are drawn upwards, the contact area of the liquid drops and the rope body is increased, the drawing effect is good, the filtering effect of the nanofiber layer is improved, and meanwhile the problem of shielding interferenceis solved through inclined liquid discharging.