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The application provides a method for preparing a defect-free MOF membrane by a MOF gradient distribution seeding method. According to the fact that the density of ZIF-8 seeds is greater than the density of a polymer solution, a gradient distribution of the ZIF-8 seeds in a phase inversion membrane is obtained, and abundant nucleation sites are provided for subsequent ZIF-8 layer growth. The distribution of the ZIF-8 seeds in the membrane holes increases the rigidity of the phase inversion base membrane, and simultaneously increases the adhesion of the surface of the base membrane and the ZIF-8 layer. The addition of tannic acid in the ZIF-8 precursor solution assists the growth of the ZIF-8 layer, the tannic acid has abundant hydroxyl groups, provides CO2 groups, and improves the selectivity of the membrane for separating H2 / CO2. The ZIF-8 seeds in the compact defect-free ZIF-8 membrane rich in hydroxyl groups have a gradient distribution, which improves the mechanical properties of the base membrane and the adhesion of the ZIF-8 layer, and the ZIF-8 membrane prepared by directly seeding ZIF-8 seeds on the base membrane shows obvious superiority.