70 results about "Land rehabilitation" patented technology

The invention discloses an optimization method of simultaneous harvest and reclamation opportunity of single coal layer based on mining subsidence simulation and second ploughing rate, relates to dynamic mining subsidence prediction and GIS (Geographic Information System) analysis processing, and belongs to the field of mining technology, land utilization and land rehabilitation, and the method is used for solving the problem of unstable mining subsidence land reclamation and realizing the simultaneous harvest and reclamation of underground coal mine regions. The method comprises the steps of: considering the subsidence visual simulation of landform before mining, the ground subsidence scene simulation of time domain and the optimization of the simultaneous harvest and reclamation opportunity based on the second ploughing rate on the basis of onsite file collection and analysis and based on a probability integral method and a mining subsidence predict of Knothe time function. The method disclosed by the invention performs dynamic scene simulation and reclamation opportunity optimization on the subsidence to determine the optimal reclamation opportunity under special mining conditions and natural conditions, thereby rescuing the precious surface soil resources of plain mining areas to the uttermost and planning, protecting and treating the lands to be suffered from subsidence damage in advance, so as to improve the reclamation rate, reduce the reclamation cost, promote the sustainable utilization and sustainable development of mining area land resources, and guarantee the coordination and synchronous development of coal resource mining and cultivated land protection.

The invention discloses an acidophilus sulfate reducing bacterium strain FKB and a method for acidification control with the strain. The acidophilus sulfate reducing bacterium strain FKB is desulfospornosinus sp, and is preserved at the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC for short) on November 27, 2014; and the preservation number is CGMCC No.10072. The strain is prepared into a liquid microbial inoculum after fermentation culture; and soil is simply improved with lime, chicken manure, a phosphate fertilizer and the like and then the liquid microbial inoculum can be used together with a plant stabilizing technology to perform the acidification control on soil of mining wastelands such as refuse dumps and tailings ponds; and the targets of acidification restraint, ecological regreening and mine land rehabilitation are reached.

The invention relates to a reconstructed soil computer tomography (CT) picture three-dimensional reconstruction and soil pore searching method. The method comprises four steps of soil CT scanning, construction of a three-dimensional reconstruction picture, reconstruction of a soil pore three-dimensional picture and searching of soil pore clusters. Through adoption of the method, the three-dimensional picture of the reconstructed soil can be realized, spatial form distribution and connectivity of pores can be observed intuitively, quantity and volume of the soil pore clusters can be searched, a basis can be provided for selection of refuse dump soil reconstruction methods and vegetation restoration measures, a guidance can be provided for land rehabilitation, and the socioeconomic benefits of land rehabilitation in a mine area can be improved. Through adoption of the method, three-dimensional reconstruction of soil pores can be completed, the three-dimensional distribution and connectivity of soil pores can be observed intuitively, and a new technological method is provided for quantitative research of reconstructed soil pores.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively recovering molybdenum-containing polymetallic gold ore resources, which comprises the following steps: firstly, crushing and grinding molybdenum-containing gold ores first, performing floatation on useful metallic elements to obtain bulk concentrate by a complete mixing floatation method, and discarding tailings; secondly, leaching out and recovering gold and silver from the bulk concentrate by CCL carbon paste wet-method gold leaching technology, and using tailings after gold leaching for preferred selection of molybdenum in the next step; thirdly, performing preferred separation and floatation of the molybdenum on the gold leaching tailings to obtain qualified molybdenum concentrate; fourthly, activating molybdenum-selecting tailings, and performing separation and floatation of lead to obtain lead concentrate; fifthly, performing separation and floatation of copper on lead-selecting tailings to obtain copper concentrate; and sixthly, performing floatation of sulfur on copper-selecting tailings to obtain sulfur concentrate, performing filtration and backwater circulation on sulfur-selecting tailings, and applying the sulfur-selecting tailings to the carbon paste wet-method gold leaching technology for recovery of the gold and the silver. The method greatly improves the grade of separated metals. The following products can be obtained by utilization of the method: more than or equal to 95 percent of alloyed gold, more than or equal to 45 percent of the molybdenum concentrate, more than or equal to 40 percent of the lead concentrate and more than or equal to 35 percent of the sulfur concentrate. The tailings after floatation are filtered by a ceramic filter (the moisture content is less than or equal to 15 percent), subjected to dry-type stacking, and used for soil sealing and land rehabilitation in late stage.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively utilizing electrolytic manganese residues. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly carrying out flotation on electrolytic manganese residues in a flotation machine, and screening out dihydrate gypsum; carrying out strong magnetic separation on tailings subjected to flotation, and singling out ferromanganese bulk concentrate and tailings; smelting the ferromanganese bulk concentrate to obtain rich-manganese slag; and burning the dihydrate gypsum obtained through floatation with smelting waste heat so as to remove ammonia and sulfur for production of ammonia water and sulfuric acid and co-production of cement. The tailings discharged in the end are non-toxic and harmless and can be used for producing baking-free bricks, land rehabilitation or underground filling. According to the method, lots of manganese residues can be consumed, multiple related products are obtained while the environmental problem and the safety problem are solved, and thus the purposes of turning waste into wealth and cyclical utilization are achieved.

The invention relates to a method for reclaiming collapsed land of mines. Coal gangue, building wastes, living wastes, excess sludge and clay are used as filling material and are directly filled into a collapsed basin, and are mixed with water to generate organic filling soil, the excess sludge and the stored water are formed into an oxidizing pond to treat production wastewater, living sewage and wastes, so the problem of the reclaimed land lacking of organic soil suitable for plant growing is solved; the problem of land occupation for the storage of the coal gangue and the filling of the wastes and the excess sludge is solved; the excess sludge directly flows from a sludge concentrated tank of a sewage treatment plant, so the subsequent treatment procedure of the sludge is omitted, and the running cost of the sewage treatment plant is reduced; and meanwhile, the standard emission of the treated sewage is realized, or the requirement of the water quality of the reclaimed water which is reclaimed for the production and living of the coal mines is met. The method has the advantages that the operation is convenient, the investment is little, and the reclaiming cost is low. The method is especially suitable for reclaiming the collapsed land with large area in the large mines.

The invention relates to a process for treating free alkali in red mud by microorganisms. The process comprises the steps of: injecting red mud in a stirring tank in percentage by weight after size mixing; adding an acid solution containing domesticated lactic acid bacteria or thiobacillus ferroxidans, controlling the temperature, pressure and a pH value, filtering ore pulp after being treated by microorganisms to obtain a microorganism-containing solution and red mud after being treated by the microorganisms, and sending filtrate to a microorganism culture tank for continuing culturing the microorganisms, wherein the free alkali in the red mud is less than 0.95 percent, and reaches the requirement of land rehabilitation. The process has the beneficial effects that the acid used by the process is microorganism organic macromolecule weak acid, thus compared with a treatment method using inorganic acid or alkali in the prior art, the process has the advantages of reducing cost, being high in rate of removing the free alkali, short in period, simple in process, low in cost, few in impurities in leachate, low in equipment corrosion rate, convenient for storage and transportation, and beneficial to culture and recycling of microorganisms in a subsequent solution; the treated red mud filter cake contains less than 0.95 percent of free alkali, the environmental harm to the soil is reduced, and the land rehabilitation and utilization can be performed.

The invention relates to an earthwork balance based dike-pond layout method used for coal mining while refilling in a coal-mining subsidence, belonging to the technical field of the mining technique, land utilization and land rehabilitation. The method which is mainly suitable for a single coal layer comprises the steps of: obtaining a subsidence section line of each section by combining probability integral way based coal-mining subsidence prediction with a geographic information system; determining stripping and refilling ranges of multiple earthworks sequentially at equal distances from the edge of a subsidence basin to the center of the subsidence basin based on each subsidence section line, and further estimating an earthwork stripping amount and an earthwork refilling amount within the stripping and refilling ranges; when the earthwork stripping amount is nearly equal to the refilling amount, regarding the determined stripping and refilling ranges as the optimal dike-pond space layout. When determining the optimal earthwork stripping region and the refilling region, the earthwork balance based dike-pond layout method used for coal mining while refilling in the coal-mining subsidence protects and utilizes the land resource to the maximum extent, improves a second plowing rate to the maximum extent, reduces reclamation cost per mu, and ensures harmonious development of exploitation of mineral resources and land protection to create harmonious and green mines.

The invention discloses a technological method for achieving soil water content classified identification through a geological radar technology. The technological method comprises the four parts of data preprocessing, soil water content parameter extraction, neural network classified identification and result display. Data preprocessing comprises the steps of null line correction, wavelet transformation and lowpass filtering. Soil water content parameter extraction comprises the steps that the power spectrum of reflection signals is solved with an autoregression moving average spectrum estimation method, data normalization is conducted, feature vectors and feature values of the power spectrum are extracted with a principle component analyzing method, and a sample feature vector database is constructed. Neural network classified identification comprises the steps that a neural network is trained through sample feature vectors, the trained mature network is used for conducting classified identification on data to be identified. Result display comprises the step that classified results are mapped and displayed. According to the technological method for achieving soil water content classified identification through the geological radar technology, automatic fast classified identification of the water content of soil is achieved, and a guiding function is performed on land detection and land rehabilitation.

The invention discloses a method for promoting plant growth and improving soil through synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. The method for promoting plant growth on the barren soil and improving the soil through the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the phosphate solubilizing bacteria specifically comprises the following steps that a, plants are planted on the barren soil; b, the mixed arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphate solubilizing bacteria are applied to the planted plants in the step a. Absorption of the plants to phosphorus and mineral elements is promoted through the synergistic effect of arbuscular mycorrhiza and the phosphate solubilizing bacteria, therefore, growth of the plant is promoted, the soil is improved, the method has positive ecological significance on land rehabilitation efficiency improvement, and microbial technical support is provided for mine lot land rehabilitation and ecological reconstruction.

The invention provides a method for dynamically filling a coal mining subsidence area with Yellow River sediment and belongs to the technical field of mining, land utilization and land rehabilitation.The method for dynamically filling the coal mining subsidence area with the Yellow River sediment comprises the steps that according to a mining plant and the geological conditions of the coal miningsubsidence area, mining units are marked out, based on a Knothe time function, dynamic subsidence isopleths of all the mining time intervals of each mining unit are obtained by means of a probabilityintegral method; according to the rehabilitation range, each filling unit is marked out; the rehabilitation filling moment of the whole rehabilitation range Dt on the earth surface and the rehabilitation designed elevation of each filling unit are sequentially determined; the filling manner of the subsidence area is selected to be multi-layer repeated Yellow River diverting filling, and the features of each soil structure are determined; the number of times of multi-layer repeated Yellow River diverting filling of each filling unit and the filling time interval between two filling units are determined; the thickness of each type of soil structure layers is determined; according to the above determined filling parameters, multi-layer repeated Yellow River diverting filling is conducted oneach filling unit. By the adoption of the method for dynamically filling the coal mining subsidence area with the Yellow River sediment, the cultivated land rate can be greatly improved, and the rehabilitation period is shortened.

The invention discloses an urban and rural construction land reclamation resource survey map batch generation method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) making reclamation resource survey data, and organizing a drawing data layer; (2) standardizing drawing paper and drawing surface element positions, symbolizing drawing data, and annotating and expressing the drawing data; (3) determining variables and constants of drawing; (4) traversing the reclamation resource pattern spots to obtain attributes and element geometric information of the drawing pattern spots, and then updating drawing variables and constructing a drawing area; and outputting the reclamation resource map of the current drawing pattern spot, and circulating the process to complete batch generation of the reclamation resource survey map. According to the method, a whole set of technical processes of data organization, drawing template design and batch drawing generation are provided, and a technical basis anda feasibility scheme can be provided for land reclamation resource map making.

The invention discloses an underwater terrain inversion method for coal mining subsidence ponding area by using InSAR monitoring data. The method comprises the steps: firstly obtaining SAR images before and after the subsidence of a research area and DEM data before the subsidence of the subsidence area, and obtaining surface subsidence information after subsidence through employing the D-InSAR technology; solving a probability integral method parameter of a working surface according to the surface subsidence information and parameters such as working surface angular point coordinates, miningthickness and inclination angle; and finally, inverting the dynamic change of the underwater topography of the subsidence area and the final form of the underwater topography after stopping mining byadopting a model based on a probability integral method. According to the method, the InSAR data acquisition cost is low; the surface subsidence data obtained by the D-InSAR technology is high in precision and large in data volume; the parameter inversion is based on semi-measured data, a parameter inversion result is suitable for the research area, the underwater topography of a ponding area in the mining process of a working face can be inversed, the establishment of an amphibious composite ecosystem of the subsidence area is guided, and an important reference is provided for land utilization planning, land reclamation, ecological restoration and the like of the land surface of the subsidence area.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment control and discloses an open pit coal mine rock dump-based waste rock soil formation method for land reclamation. The waste rocksoil formation method is a technique as follows: on the basis of evaluating and calculating lithologic differences and spatial distribution of different sedimentary rocks on a minable seam of an openpit coal mine, staggered excavation and classified stripping are carried out on different types of rocks (waste rocks) on the minable seam; the waste rocks are transported and stacked at different positions of a rock dump (waste dump) in a classified manner; layered compaction is carried out; and existing weathered coal, carbonaceous shales, shales, mudstones and the like of the open pit coal mine are stacked on a surface layer to replace soil for land reclamation, and are mixed and fermented with kitchen wastes and household wastes of mine workers for nutrification and organification, thereby completing waste rock soil formation. A treatment method for waste rock soil formation, waste rock reclamation and household waste harmless treatment of the workers for green mining is achieved; a novel soilless land reclamation mode for land reclamation of the open pit coal mine is innovatively formed; and the waste rock soil formation method has great environmental effect, economic effect andsocial effect.

The invention discloses a green coal mining method and a settlement observation device of shallow coal seam grouting filling. The method includes the following operation steps that 1), data are collected; 2), the terrain is explored; 3), drilling is carried out; and 4), grouting is carried out, and coal mining is completed. The coal mining method is qualitatively changed, it is not needed to comprehensively treat a subsidence area after waiting for coal mining any more, grouting filling is carried out while coal mining is carried out, land and other ground facilities are protected, and damagecaused by ground surface settlement is avoided. By means of the method, the settlement value of the position above a working face obtained after coal mining is controlled within a certain range, it isonly needed to smoothen the land, and it is not needed to rehabilitate the land or even acquire the land. By means of the method, in the grouting process, downhole coal seam mining is not affected. By means of the method, occupied actual work is less, the ecological environment in a coal mining region is slightly affected, and the ground facilities are effectively protected.

The present invention relates to a soil reconstruction method applied in a technology of mining while rehabilitating, and belongs to the fields of mining technology, soil reconstruction technology and land rehabilitation technology. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out on-site collection of related information of a studied mine area, carrying out dynamic coal-mining subsidence prediction analysis, dividing a subsidence area into a plurality of soil reconstruction units, and carrying out soil reconstruction of the subsidence area by applying the technology of mining while rehabilitating, wherein soil reconstruction is carried out according to a soil reconstruction sequence that each soil reconstruction unit of the whole rehabilitation region is coupled with underground mining. The method can ensure high-quality and high-efficiency cultivated land is rehabilitated while improving the cultivated land rehabilitation rate, avoids repeated disturbance of a rehabilitation region soil source, saves unnecessary or repeated rehabilitation construction steps, shortens the rehabilitation time, and reduces the rehabilitation cost.

The invention relates to a surface soil replacing material for an opencast coal mine, belonging to the field of ecological environment materials for land rehabilitation and ecological reconstruction techniques. The material is mainly prepared from the following components in percentage by weight through mixing: 30%-40% of surface soil, 20%-50% of mild clay, 30%-50% of sandy soil, 10%-20% of mixed soil, 0.1%-0.5% of organic matters (cow and sheep manure) and 0.1%-0.5% of modified straws. According to an improved formula, the basic characteristics of soil are maintained, the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of an original surface soil replacing material are improved, and the growth performance and stress resistance of plants are improved; and the surface soil replacing material is a specific material for realizing the land rehabilitation and ecological reconstruction of rehabilitation regions of the opencast coal mine.

The invention provides boron tailings planting soil, which is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-80 parts of seabed sludge, 30-40 parts of industrial residues, 25-35parts of de-alkalized boron mud ceramsite sand, 3-5 parts of boron-magnesium fertilizer and 6-8 parts of compound fertilizer. The boron tailings planting soil enables the performance of a ceramsite sand product prepared by using boron mud to be more stable, and avoids or reduces the problem that the free magnesium oxide causes the alkali returning and bursting to the ceramsite product. Furthermore, when being used for planting soil, the prepared de-alkalized boron mud ceramsite can be used as a carrier material due to the unique microporous structure, and water and trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are slowly released, so that the utilization rate of water and fertilizer is increased. In addition, wastes such as feldspar tailings, gold tailings, coal series kaolinite, the industrial residues and the seabed sludge are widely used in abandoned mine land reclamation projects, so that the problems of land resource occupation and environmental pollution are reduced,and the effective utilization ways of resources are improved.

The invention relates to a land rehabilitation excavating gear, in particular to a land rehabilitation excavating gear special for an opencast bauxite mine. The technical aim of providing the land rehabilitation excavating gear special for the opencast bauxite mine is achieved. The land rehabilitation excavating gear special for the opencast bauxite mine comprises an excavating gear body, a front crushing device, a rear crushing device and a control system. The excavating gear body comprises an excavator body, walking devices, a frame, a rotary table, a lazy arm I, a lazy arm II and a bucket. The front crushing device comprises a hydraulic cylinder I, a telescopic rod I, an industrial camera, a crushing hammer, a hydraulic cylinder II and a telescopic rod II. The rear crushing device comprises a hopper, a crushing tooth roller I, a crushing tooth roller II, a motor II, a motor I, universal wheels, a rotary rod, a material distributing plate, a connecting sleeve ring, a pin column, a connecting plate and a motor III. According to the land rehabilitation excavating gear special for the opencast bauxite mine, automatic operation is achieved, and the land rehabilitation excavating efficiency is improved.

The invention discloses an open pit mine steep slope ecological restoration structure and a restoration method, and particularly relates to the technical field of ecological restoration and land reclamation. The open pit mine steep slope ecological restoration structure comprises first vegetation bags located on the top and the bottom of a slope. A steel wire net and vine plants are laid at the position, between the two first vegetation bags, of the slope. Anchors are arranged between the steel wire net and the slope. Nutrient soil is laid below the vegetation bag at the bottom of the slope. The vine plants are arranged on the nutrient soil. A second vegetation bag is arranged on one side of the nutrient soil, retaining walls are arranged on one side of the second vegetation bag at intervals, the positions between the retaining walls and the second vegetation bag are filled with planting soil, and vegetation is arranged on the planting soil. By the adoption of the technical scheme, theproblem that an existing mine slope cannot retain water and nutrients in soil, so that the vegetation dies off is solved, and the open pit mine steep slope ecological restoration structure and the restoration method can be used for large-gradient slope restoration.