An agrostological washing agent and the preparing method. The washing agent is produced by the following steps: employing straw or wheat straw as stock, geting the straw ash by controlling burning, taking the extract from the straw ash with water as main component and adding findings and getting the product. The findings comprises enzyme agent, surface activator, thickening agent and common salt. For hand-washing dinner set the enzyme agent added for washing agent is alkaline lipase; for cloth the enzyme agent comprises alkaline lipase, alkaline prolease, alkaline cellulase; the surface activator is alkyl heteroside in general, the thickening agent is carboxymethyl cellulose and common salt in general. The method for making is: preparing extract firstly, modifying the pH value of the extract to be 8~9, adding enzyme agent, surface activator, thickening agent according to the formula proportion and getting the washing agent. The product is characterized by the unique formula, non-contamination, good washing effect, simple production device, short process, low investment and energy consumption and adaptable for washing dinner set and cloth.