92 results about "Sapphire window" patented technology

A seal assembly for an optical sensor employed in a high temperature environment is disclosed which includes an elongated metal guide tube having a distal end portion defining an open distal end and an inner rear wall, a sapphire window disposed within the distal end portion of the metal guide tube, the sapphire window having a rear end surface abutting the inner rear wall of the distal end portion of the metal guide tube, and a platinum mounting sleeve for securing the sapphire window to the metal guide tube, the platinum mounting sleeve having one portion joined to the metal guide tube and another portion joined to the sapphire window.

A dome assembly (50) adapted for use with a missile (32) having a longitudinal axis (42) parallel to a thrust vector thereof. The inventive dome (50) includes a crystal (30, 50) having a crystallographic structure that includes a plurality of planes (12, 14, 16), one of said planes (14) being more susceptible to failure than one or more of the other planes (12, 16). A surface around a missile sensor provides a place for mounting the crystal (30, 50) so that said plane susceptible to failure (14) faces approximately opposite to that of a positive velocity vector (34) of said missile (32). In a more specific embodiment, the crystal (30, 50) is a sapphire crystal (30, 50) having a crystallographic structure that includes positive n-planes (12), positive r-planes (14), and a c-plane (16). By design at nominal conditions, an r-plane (14) is approximately bisected by a plane formed by the normal of the c-plane (16) and a wind flow vector (36) parallel to a thrust vector of said missile (32). A turntable (not shown) orients the sensor dome (50) so that a first r-plane (14) faces leeward of impinging airflow (36) corresponding to the wind flow vector (36). An r-plane normal (38) of a second r-plane forms an angle of approximately 60 degrees with respect to impinging airflow (36) that is approximately parallel to the thrust vector of the missile (32). The turntable includes a motor (not shown) for strategically orienting the lattice planes (12, 14, 16) of the dome (50) so as to maximize the strength of the dome (50) with respect to applied stresses.

The invention provides a high-temperature and high-pressure interfacial tension measurement device and method. The measurement device is provided with a buffer bottle and a gas injection pump between a steel cylinder and a visual kettle; a sample injection pump is connected with a pump flow control box and a pump temperature measurement probe; the gas injection pump is arranged in a cold trap which is connected with a low-temperature thermostatic bath; the gas injection pump is provided with an outer cavity and an inner cavity; a window of the visual kettle is a sapphire window; a temperature measurement probe and a pressure sensor in the kettle are respectively arranged on the two sides of a suspension dropper; a gas-liquid inlet and outlet pipe is vertically opposite to the suspension dropper at the bottom of the visual kettle. After the device and the method are adopted, the problems that pressurization is difficult when a pendant-drop method is used for interfacial tension measurement under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, liquid drops easily fall off under mixed-phase condition, and the window needs high pressure resistance, high temperature resistance and high light transmittance can be solved; an experimental facility is safe and explosion-proof; the device and the method for interfacial tension measurement within the high experimental temperature range (over 100 DEG C) and under the high pressure (over 10 MPa) can be provided.

The invention discloses a diamond energy transmission window for short millimeter wave traveling tubes and a manufacturing method of the diamond energy transmission window and belongs to the technical field of vacuum electronics. The diamond energy transmission window comprises an energy transmission window leaf, a connecting wave guide and sealing window frames. The sealing window frames connected with the waveguide are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower portion of the diamond energy transmission window, and the diamond window leaf is hermetically clamped between the window frames. The manufacturing method of the diamond energy transmission window includes: a, selecting a substrate silicon wafer; b, installing the substrate silicon wafer in a microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition device; c, inflating hydrogen gas; d, starting plasma discharging; e, increasing air pressure and microwave power and increasing substrate temperature to 850-950 DEG C; f, adding methane and starting growing diamond; g, finishing growing and taking out of diamond materials; h, grinding, polishing and cutting to obtain the window leaf by laser; i, metalizing the window leaf; and j, welding the window leaf and the window frames by centering. The diamond energy transmission window is superior to sapphire windows in both matching performance and transmission loss.

The light backscatter probe includes a housing carrying at least one optical transmission fiber and two optical reception or collecting fibers. The ends of the fibers are closed by a sapphire window. First and second light sources are provided for projecting incident light onto a product outside the sapphire window. The reception paths or fibers are located at different radial distances from the one optical transmission path to allow for measuring the coagulation of dairy products or determination of compositions of food products.

The invention discloses a sapphire splicing method, a sapphire window and a paste size. A sapphire splicing method comprises steps of: A, smearing the paste size on a combination surface of two pieces of sapphire crystal, wherein the paste size is formed by organic solvent mixed with a powder solder; B, splicing and fixing the two pieces of sapphire crystal; and C, pressurizing the spliced sapphire crystal in a vacuum furnace. The invention can effectively solve the problem that sapphire crystal plate and sapphire crystal block used in an optical window are limited by specifications of artificially grown sapphire crystal and fail to have size to satisfy the aperture requirements of many modern optical systems, in order to achieve the requirements; in addition, the invention employs mature technologies with relatively low cost in industrial practice, and produces sapphire window with large area from billet grown in small melt, so as to greatly reduce the cost of splicing.

The invention relates to a processing method of a large-sized sapphire ultrathin double-side-polished diaphragm. The method comprises steps as follows: (1) a sapphire crystal bar is cut into a sapphire diaphragm; (2) smoothing treatment is performed to protect edges; (3) annealing processing is performed at the annealing temperature of 1,450 DEG C; (4) coarse grinding processing of double-side grinding is performed; (5) secondary annealing processing is performed at the annealing temperature of 1,600 DEG C; (6) fine grinding processing of double-side grinding is performed; (7) ultrasonic cleaning is performed; (8) polishing is performed by the aid of a silica sapphire polishing liquid in a double-side polishing machine; (9) the sapphire double-side-polished diaphragm is obtained through ultrasonic cleaning. The method has the characteristics that the method is convenient to operate, the first pass yield is high, no diaphragm breakage occurs in the grinding process and the like, and is applicable to processing of sapphire double-side-polished diaphragms which have diameters being 4 inches and 6 inches and thicknesses ranging from 0.20 mm to 0.25 mm.

The invention discloses a sample collection and preparation device for collecting a near infrared spectrum of coal powder on line. The sample collection and preparation device comprises a shell box body, a sample processing unit assembled in the shell box body and a system control unit. The defect that relevant equipment is easily affected by relevant factors such as the compactness, temperature and surface flatness of a material when collecting the near infrared spectrum of a powdered substance is overcome. The sample collection and preparation device is characterized in that a pressure sensor is mounted on a sample collection pipe in the sample processing unit; an approach temperature sensor, a sapphire window and a near infrared standard reference plate are mounted on a coal powder sample preparation device; the coal powder temperature is automatically adjusted by the system control unit by controlling the cold air amount, and the coal powder compactness is automatically adjusted by controlling the pressure difference between compressed air and a coal powder pipeline; furthermore, the device also has a function of automatically catching outside samples. Compared with a product of the same type, the sample collection and preparation device is reasonable in structural design, and can be used for obviously improving the repetitiveness and stability of near infrared spectrum collection and thus ensuring the accuracy of on-line near infrared coal quality detection.

The invention relates to a sapphire infrared window cleaning agent and a preparation method. The sapphire infrared window cleaning agent is characterized by comprising 1472-1840 parts by weight of concentrated sulfuric acid, 300-500 parts by weight of potassium dichromate and 4000-5500 parts by weight of water. When used to clean a sapphire window, the cleaning agent is non-corrosive on human body at normal temperature because the cleaning agent is not volatile easily, thus the cleaning agent has safe and convenient use without corroding and damaging polishing surfaces in the cleaning process and can ensure that the surface quality and the surface finish quality of the sapphire infrared window are not damaged.

The invention discloses a colorimetry-based test device for magnesium and magnesium alloy ignition temperature and a use method of the test device and belongs to the technical field of optical engineering and sensors. The test device comprises a metal housing, a sapphire window, an object lens, a field lens, a two-quadrant detector, a conditioning circuit and an interface circuit, wherein the sapphire window, the object lens, the field lens, the two-quadrant detector, the conditioning circuit and the interface circuit are arranged inside the metal housing, the two-quadrant detector is used for detecting spectral wavelengths of the magnesium and magnesium alloy ignition temperature, and the test has the advantages of being simple in design structure, small in volume, light in weight, convenient to use, long in service life, reliable in measurement and the like. The use method of the test device comprises that a standard temperature-measurement measuring instrument is used for conducting static calibration for the colorimetry-based test device for the magnesium and magnesium alloy ignition temperature, the measurement accuracy and measurement the reliability are guaranteed due to the fact that the static calibration is conducted before use, then the standard temperature-measurement measuring instrument and the test device test the temperature of an object to be tested together, test results are compared, and the test results for the magnesium and magnesium alloy ignition temperature are reliable and accurate. The test device and the use method are worth using and popularizing.

A system for fueling a plasma includes a gyrotron for radiating microwave energy into a waveguide. Also included is a module having a deuterium-tritium (DT) fuel pellet, a diamond, quartz or sapphire window, and a pusher medium located between the pellet and window that is made of frozen deuterium (D₂) and metallic particles. With the module in the waveguide, the gyrotron is activated. Radiation from the gyrotron is then directed into the waveguide and through the window to cause the inducement of current in the metal particles, causing the particles to become hot. The absorbed microwave energy is then transferred to the pusher medium by conduction resulting in a gaseous expansion of the pusher medium. This ejects the pellet from the waveguide and into the plasma.

The invention provides a formation method for a thin-layer border of a sapphire window of a high-end mobile phone or camera. According to the formation method, a coated laser engraving process is replaced by a precise silk-screen printing process. The formation method comprises the following steps: cleaning up a sapphire window substrate (3) by virtue of an ultrasonic cleaning process before printing; fixing the sapphire window substrate (3) to be machined onto a substrate location fixture during the printing, locating a movable frame by virtue of a silk-screen printing screen plate, and preparing a silk-screen printing ink from a silicon-free ink stock solution with the same brand, a curing agent and a diluting agent; roasting the sapphire window substrate (3) in a roasting box after the printing. According to the formation method, various colours are quite convenient to change during machining for the border of the sapphire window, and can be changed only through adjusting the colour of the ink and changing the ratio of the curing agent to the diluting agent.

Apparatus for use in the measurement of the API gravity of crude oil, comprises a conduit (1)for the oil, a thermo-couple (4) in the conduit for measuring temperature of the oil in contact therewith, a sapphire window (3) in the conduit, an infrared thermometer (5,6) for the measurement of the temperature of the oil through the window, and means (20) for comparing the measurements of temperature made by the thermometers to obtain a measure of the emissivity of the crude oil and thereby its API gravity.

A system for fueling a tokamak includes a gyrotron for radiating microwave energy into a waveguide. Also included is a module having a deutritium-tritium (DT) fuel pellet, a diamond/sapphire window, and a pusher medium located between the pellet and window that is made of frozen deuterium (D₂) and metallic particles. With the module in the waveguide, the gyrotron is activated. Radiation from the gyrotron is then directed into the waveguide and through the window to cause a gaseous expansion of the pusher medium. This ejects the pellet from the waveguide and into the plasma of the tokamak.

A method to sense pH of a fluid and an optical pH sensor. The method includes the steps of supplying at least a portion of an optical source through an input fiber. The optical source is passed through a sensor head having a sapphire window to a fluid. Optical power reflected from the fluid is collected in a plurality of output fibers in the sensor head. The reflected optical power in the output fibers in the sensor head is thereafter converted to an electrical signal which is used to determine the pH of the fluid.

The invention provides a method for producing a fresnel lens on a sapphire window. According to the method, a silicon wafer is firstly designed by a binary optical principle to etch a mask; accurate nested etching is carried out on the surface of the silicon wafer to form a fresnel lens structure; an imprinted template is produced through the etched silicon wafer; and the fresnel lens is produced on the sapphire window through an imprint method and an etching process. Good transmittance of the sapphire window to ultraviolet rays is utilized; and the produced fresnel lens can effectively focus the ultraviolet rays in an ultraviolet ray absorption region of an ultraviolet detector, so that the detection range of the ultraviolet detector is increased; and the sensitivity is improved.

The invention provides a sapphire diaphragm thinning machining method achieved through a double-faced grinding pad. The method comprises the steps of diaphragm manufacturing, pad installing and placing and punching, diamond grinding liquid preparing, diamond grinding liquid adding, grinding, grinding liquid recycling and the like. According to the method, the steps are simple, and preparation is convenient; by adopting the machining method of cooperating the polyurethane pad with diamond grinding liquid and utilizing the characteristics that the polyurethane pad is low in hardness and has many small holes in the surface, diamond particles can be inlaid into the surface in the grinding process, abrasion of the diamond particles to the wafer surface is effectively reduced, the machining efficiency is effectively improved, the wafer appearance quality is improved, the cost is greatly reduced, and recycling is achieved.

The invention provides a far-infrared sapphire window protection screen for night vision, and belongs to the technical field of optical equipment. The technical problems that far-infrared rays cannot permeate a coating film structure of the existing protection screen and the like are solved. The far-infrared sapphire window protection screen for night vision comprises a substrate made from sapphire, wherein the side of the substrate is coated by a multilayer film, and the multilayer film is formed by compounding a Ti3O5 coating with an SiO2 coating; high permeability is realized by the multilayer film at a visible light waveband from 420nm to 720nm, the cut-off is realized by the multilayer film at a waveband below 400nm, the cut-off is realized by the multilayer film at a near-infrared waveband from 720nm to 1100nm, and the high permeability is realized by the multilayer film at a far-infrared waveband above 1100nm. The far-infrared sapphire window protection screen for night vision provided by the invention has the advantages of stable optical properties, relatively low cost, good transparency, uniform coating components, realization of selective cut-off of light rays at different wavebands and the like.

A rotatable mirror assembly is described comprising a spherical housing (1) rotatable about an axis (A). The housing contains a mirror (2) bonded in the rear end of the housing. The housing at the front of mirror (2) has a flange (3) while a second enlarged flange (4) is formed at the rear of the mirror (2) the front of the mirror (2) has a sloping end face (5) at an angle of 45.degree. of the rotary axis (A) which fives toward an opening (6) in the side of the housing (1). The opening (6) in a first embodiment is closed by an optically flat sapphire window (7) bonded into the opening (6) and in a second embodiment has a curved lens (17) mounted in the aperture. The improved assemblies reduce noise generation of high speed rotating mirrors and prevent the deposit of small particles of dust on the mirror surface.

The invention discloses a sapphire machining method. The method comprises the steps that a sapphire crystal is cut into a cuboid-shaped diamond, at least the upper bottom face and the lower bottom face of the cuboid-shaped diamond are square, and the side length of the square is 50-60 mm; the diamond is cut into a plurality of square base tabs with the identical or different thicknesses, and the side length of the upper bottom face and the side length of the lower bottom face of each base tab is the same as that of the upper bottom face and that of the lower bottom face of the diamond. Each square base tab is cut into a plurality of window pieces. The upper bottom face and the lower bottom face of each window piece is square or round, the thickness of each window piece is the same as that of each base tab, the side length of the bottom faces of each square base tab is 4-5 times the side length or the diameter of the bottom faces of each window piece, and equal to the sum of the side length or the diameter of the bottom faces of each window piece and the machining allowance of 1-5 mm. The sapphire machining method can effectively increase the utilization rate of a sapphire material, the use cost of the sapphire window pieces is reduced to the maximum, and the sapphire machining method can be widely used in production of the sapphire window pieces.