The invention relates to a purifying device, in particular to a wastewater filtering and purifying device, which comprises a device support, a moving mechanism, a detaching mechanism, a purifying mechanism, a power mechanism, a transmission mechanism, an extruding mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a retracting and releasing mechanism and a speed changing mechanism. The transmission mechanism can be driven by the power mechanism to move, the transmission mechanism drives the extruding mechanism and the pushing mechanism to move, the extruding mechanism extrudes pollutants in the purification mechanism to separate insoluble pollutants from water, and when the pushing mechanism moves to the front end limit position, the pushing mechanism pushes the purification mechanism to be opened, so that the pollutants separated in the purification mechanism are discharged out of the purification mechanism. The retracting and releasing mechanism releases the water pumping pipeline to different depths, then the speed change mechanism is controlled to move, the speed change mechanism controls the output speed of the power mechanism, then the working speed of the extruding mechanism and the pushing mechanism is controlled, and therefore the use requirement for increasing insoluble substances in waste water in deep water is met.