The invention discloses a fish and vegetable symbiotic ecological circulation culture system, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, the fish and vegetable symbiotic ecological circulation culture system comprises a fish culture pond and a culture box, the top end of the fish culture pond is provided with a fish culture tank, the bottom of the fish culture pond is provided with a recovery water cavity, the left side of the fish culture tank is provided with a driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is in transmission connection with a sliding block; a mounting frame is fixedly connected to the end, close to the inner wall of the fish culture tank, of the sliding block, a scraping plate is fixedly mounted on the outer side wall of the mounting frame, the scraping end of the scraping plate is attached to the inner wall of the fish culture tank, a planting tank is formed in the cultivation box, and a spraying assembly is arranged at the top end of the cultivation box. Through separated arrangement of the fishpond and the cultivation box, fish cultivation work and vegetable cultivation work can be carried out respectively, so that subsequent cultivation and maintenance work is more convenient, meanwhile, when fish fishing work is carried out, convenience and rapidness are achieved, working efficiency is high, and practicability is improved.