The invention provides high-temperature heat-response bentonite and a preparation method thereof, and a high-temperature heat-response bentonite drilling fluid. A high-temperature heat-response bentonite core is a rigid bentonite particle, and the exterior of the high-temperature heat response bentonite core is a flexible high-temperature heat-response molecular brush. The preparation method comprises the following steps: activating bentonite with an acid, drying, carrying out ATRP modification, rinsing and drying to obtain the high-temperature heat-response bentonite. The modification methodcomprises the following steps: mixing activated bentonite and a (3-aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane (ATMS) and methanol solution, carrying out magnetic stirring to provide a modified activation site, adding dichloromethane (containing (v/v) piperidine) and 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide to carry out ATRP modification, and meanwhile, adding phenyl methacrylate and p-xylene (copper bromide and N, N, N', N '', N '''-pentamethyldivinyl triamine), and stirring under nitrogen protection. The high-temperature heat-response bentonite is high in temperature sensitivity, the high-temperature self-healing capability is achieved, and the high-temperature plugging property of a mud cake is enhanced. The drilling fluid has the advantages of good self-repairing performance, stable rheological property, excellentheat responsiveness and excellent plugging property.