This invention discloses a method for dynamically detecting the morphology of a cavity based on interlayer fracture vibrations, belonging to the field of cavity construction and monitoring technology for salt cavern gas storage. The method involves drilling and trenching to locate the cavity center and mudstone interlayer, deploying monitoring points and burying distributed monitoring optical fibers in the outer region of the
cavity wall to capture the vibration wave signals of the interlayer fracture, recording the
time difference and fluctuation intensity differences; analyzing the
signal data of the propagation path to establish a three-dimensional coordinate
system; and establishing a
system of equations based on the
time difference between the primary fracture vibration and the secondary vibration from the rock
impact to calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the fracture point and characteristic points of the
cavity wall; then reconstructing the real-time contour of the cavity based on the layered symmetrical fracture characteristics and
signal energy characteristics, and verifying it with other signals from the fracture layer and correcting the accuracy of the monitoring equipment. This method does not require interruption of the cavity construction operation, has high
spatiotemporal resolution, and can accurately invert the cavity morphology, providing a basis for dynamic adjustment of the flow velocity and direction in water-soluble cavity construction, effectively reducing the risk of cavity collapse and excessive lateral
dissolution.