The invention relates to a processing system based on radio frequency identification technology sensing control and a control method of the processing system. The processing system based on the radio frequency identification technology sensing control comprises a conveyor belt and a plurality of machine tools, wherein the plurality of machine tools are arranged on one side of the conveyor belt, and are arranged in sequence in the direction of conveying the workpieces along the conveying belt; and a radio frequency identification reader-writer and a blocking device are installed at the position, corresponding to each machine tool, of the conveying belt; the processing system further comprises a plurality of moving robots, wherein the moving robots are used for clamping workpieces, and electronic tags are mounted on the side surfaces of the workpieces. According to the processing system, all the operation machine tools are connected in series, so that the working efficiency is maximized; the radio frequency identification technology is adopted, so that non-contact type reading and writing of processing data are realized; the hybrid operation of the operation machine tools is realized through the torsion of the electronic tag information, the whole processing process is orderly carried out, the controllable and manageable processing and manufacturing can be realized, and data in the whole processing process can be collected, stored, traced and analyzed; and all the operation machine tools are in networks connection, so that the information sharing of the whole processing process is realized.