A precise positioning device and method for power transmission line maintenance workers belongs to the technical field of power system safety production management and control, and comprises a data server, a geographic information system (GIS), an electronic fence setting, an on-site video acquisition module, a Beidou positioning system (BDS) module, a positioning anchor point label, a worker wireless positioning base station and a worker wireless positioning portable terminal. The positioning algorithm is characterized in that the personnel positioning terminal realizes sensor network initialization, anchor point information broadcasting, information exchange, anchor point PTI test, overlap area scanning and weighted centroid algorithm, the coordinates of the portable positioning terminal are calculated, and then the portable terminal is accurately positioned. According to the invention, the positioning precision of the power transmission line maintenance workers can be improved, the system composition is simple, the field installation is convenient, the equipment types are few, real-time data uploading can be realized, the field operation requirements are met, and the safety and effectiveness of high power transmission line maintenance are further improved.