The invention provides an instance segmentation detection method and application based on improved YOLOv8s. The method comprises the following steps: collecting a to-be-segmented
data set, preprocessing the to-be-segmented
data set, constructing an improved YOLOv8s model, and training the preprocessed
data set; the method is applied to target detection of images and / or videos, such as segmentation detection of second-phase particles of
nickel-based
superalloy. According to the improved model, an SPDConv layer and a
small target detection layer are added, and an SIoU
loss function is adopted, so that the
small target detection performance of the model is greatly improved, and the omission ratio is reduced; second-phase particle dispersion calculation is updated and embedded into the second-phase
particle identification process, batch detection is achieved, and indexes such as the average
area fraction, the average number, the
average size and the dispersion of the second-phase particles can be directly calculated; the model segmentation performance is good, the operation speed is high, the target detection process is opened, and the method can also be applied to other processes, intelligent recognition of macroscopic objects and online recognition and calculation of videos.