The invention discloses nano-silica sol with a novel structure for overcoming the defects existing in the existing silica sol such as high impurity content, low silica concentration, low stability in acidic or neutral conditions, short service cycle, presence of mixed colors, few varieties and the like. The technical problems that the size and morphology of the existing silica sol particles cannot be controlled, the interface among the particles is not clear and the like are solved. The nano-silica sol disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of low cost, heat resistance, solution resistance, barrier property, high mechanical strength, low impurity content, high silica concentration, high stability under acidic or neutral conditions, single color, long service cycle and the like.