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An insurance method comprising a return-of-premium (ROP) benefit is disclosed. The ROP benefit is applied to property and casualty insurance and related insurance forms. The ROP benefit provides a return of all premiums after a set period of insurance, less the amount of any claims made by the insured. The policy may then be rolled over to again provide a ROP benefit to the policyholder. Fractional ROP benefit returns may be made on the policy after a minimum set period less than the full term of the policy. The ROP benefit may be provided by means of a rider to a standard property or casualty policy.

A read cache and a write cache are made up of two kinds of nonvolatile memories whose characteristics are different. For example, nonvolatile memory whose write endurance is high is assigned to the write cache, nonvolatile memory whose write endurance is low is assigned to the read cache, and the management tables of data in these caches are stored in the nonvolatile memory whose write endurance is high. Alternatively, nonvolatile memory that has a fast write speed but has a slow read speed is adopted for the write cache and nonvolatile memory that has a fast read speed but has a slow write speed is adopted for the read cache.

The invention relates to a locking system for mechanical joining of floorboards (1, 1′), a floorboard having such a locking system and a flooring made of such floorboards. The locking system has mechanical cooperating means (36, 38; 6, 8, 14) for vertical and horizontal joining of adjoining floorboards. The means for horizontal joining about a vertical plane (F) comprise a locking groove (14) and a locking strip (16) which is located at opposite joint edge portions (4a, 4b) of the floorboard (4). The locking strip (6) projects from the joint plane (F) and has an upwards projecting locking element (8) at its free end. The locking groove (14) is formed in the opposite joint edge portion (4a) of the floorboard at a distance from the joint plane (F). The locking groove (14) and the locking element (8) have operative locking surfaces (10, 11). The locking surfaces are essentially plane and spaced from the upper side of the projecting strip and inside the locking groove and make a locking angle (A) of at least 50° to the upper side of the board. Moreover the locking groove has a guiding part (12) for cooperation with a corresponding guiding part (6) on the locking element (8).

A method of marking a solid article or substance includes the steps of dissolving a water-insoluble medium in a first solvent to form a first mixture, mixing a nucleic acid solution with an intermediate solution to form a second mixture, mixing the second mixture with the first mixture to form a homogenous third mixture, marking the article or substance with the third mixture containing the nucleic acid; and drying the marked article or substance. Through the addition of an intermediate solution, the miscibility between the nucleic acid solution and the medium is increased and a homogenous solution is formed. For marking solid substances or articles, the water-insoluble medium containing known nucleic acid taggants is spread on the target solid substances or articles. For marking liquid, the target liquid is mixed with the water-insoluble media containing known nucleic acid taggants. As a result, the target liquid is labeled with nucleic acid.