The invention discloses a closed water cooling system with a double-evaporative cooling pressure, which provides the closed water cooling system used in an air-cooled thermal power set. The closed water cooling system comprises a direct-current evaporating and cooling closed water chiller A, a direct-current evaporating and cooling closed water chiller B, a vacuum butterfly valve, a vapor injector A, a vapor injector B, five sections of steam extracting and entering regulating valve, a plant steam aiding and entering regulating valve, a NO. 8 low pressure heater, a condenser, a liquid level sensor and a DCS (distributed control system); pipe sides of the two direct-current evaporating and cooling closed water chillers A and B are connected in series; and an evaporating and cooling pressure at a casing side of B is lower than that of A, thus the problem that output power of a turbo generator set is limited by an overhigh temperature of closed water is solved, cooling conditions of a host machine and an auxiliary machine are improved, heat output by hot closed water is recycled as much as possible, and power consumption of the closed water system is lowered. By the adoption of the closed water cooling system, no wet-type mechanical ventilated cooling tower is needed for open circulated water cooling, the occupation area of the cooling tower is reduced, the investment on capital construction is reduced, the electricity consumption is decreased, and the water consumption is zero.