The invention discloses a CubeSat satellite platform based on a mobile phone. The CubeSat satellite platform comprises the smartphone, an interface switching module and an external module, wherein the external module comprises one or more of an attitude control module, a communication module, a maneuvering module and an extendable loading module, the smartphone is used for performing interaction with the attitude control module, the communication module, the maneuvering module and/or the extendable loading module respectively through the interface switching module to complete satellite platform tasks, the attitude control module is used for achieving attitude control of a CubeSat, the a CubeSat is used for achieving information interaction between the CubeSat and a ground station or other spacecrafts, the maneuvering module is used for controlling the CubeSat to operate in a set orbit, and the extendable loading module is used for extending load and/or adding corresponding functional units so as to achieve extendibility of the satellite platform under the control of the smartphone. The coupling problem of satellite design, tasks and progress is effectively solved, the period of study and development is short, and expansibility and reconfigurability are high.