The present invention discloses a method for fermenting and preparing a multi-component short- and medium-chain fatty acids and a
bacterial agent, and belongs to the technical field of
brewing microorganisms. The present invention utilizes Bacillus lactis and Lithomonas sulfophilus to co-ferment and prepare a functional bacterial liquid, which can improve the production of
caproic acid while also improving the
biomass of the two microorganisms, and can also produce
valeric acid. When the "simplified bacterial
community" obtained by screening the
caproic acid-producing functional simplified bacterial
community screening method of the present invention is used to prepare a functional bacterial liquid, the
caproic acid production is high and the
butyric acid production is low, and at the same time, large-scale
continuous production operation can be achieved through semi-
continuous feeding operation, and the production efficiency is significantly better than the
batch fermentation method. After the composite short- and medium-chain fatty acids produced by the technology of the present invention are enzymatically esterified, composite esters containing multiple esters can be obtained through conventional
distillation extraction, which can be used for flavoring food and beverage
wine. In addition, the
bacterial agent obtained in the
fermentation process of short- and medium-chain fatty acids can be used for cellar mud production and cellar maintenance.