The invention relates to an in-situ characterization method of a bonding interface state, in particular to an in-situ characterization method of a bonding interface state under an irradiation condition. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a radiographic inspection method depends on large special equipment such as a radiation source, the expansion of a servicesite is limited by space, the use convenience is insufficient, and when an ultrasonic flaw detection method is adopted, the requirement on personnel protection is high and the requirement on long-termuse is difficult to meet under an irradiation condition, and when structural dynamics analysis is adopted, the radiation tolerance of a sensor and an adhesive for bonding the sensor needs to be specially researched, and provides an in-situ characterization method for the bonding interface state under the irradiation condition. According to the method, nuclear power equipment related to irradiation conditions and the like are taken as main application objects, and non-contact, unmanned, simple, safe, reliable and timely bonding interface state characterization is realized through the steps ofbonding interface sampling, typical state calibration, service field non-contact in-situ detection and the like.