The invention relates to a belt type grinding machine head comprising a headstock, a power device, an abrasive belt system, a dust hood, a balancing stand, a vibrating mechanism, a brush device and the like; and after being connected with dust collecting equipment and the like, the belt type grinding machine head can form entire grinding and dust removal functions. The headstock is a formwork of the grinding machine head and the assembly of all the mechanisms; a driving abrasive belt shaft drives an abrasive belt to circularly run, a driven abrasive belt shaft and an auxiliary abrasive belt shaft passively rotate, and the abrasive belt is supported together to form a spacial three-dimensional shape, i.e., a grinding surface; the driving abrasive belt shaft is fixedly installed on the headstock, and the driven abrasive belt shaft can move relative to the driving abrasive belt shaft to adjust the abrasive belt so that the abrasive belt tightens or loosens; the abrasive belt is cleaned by using a brush and the vibrating mechanism, the dust hood, the balancing stand and a ground surface form a sealed space for packing and collecting dust; and dust is sucked from the dust hood by the dust collecting equipment and then treated and discharged by professional dust collecting equipment.