The invention discloses a greenhouse canopy environment control system and method based on a drip irrigation pipe network. The greenhouse canopy environment control system comprises head devices and a pipe network, wherein each head device comprises a pressure hot air device, a pressure CO2 air source device, a ventilation and air-exchange device and a drip irrigation fertilizing device; and the pipe network comprises a water pipe, a branch pipe, a capillary pipe and a drip irrigation emitter. By switching the different head devices, operation such as greenhouse canopy temperature regulation, CO2 fertilization, ventilation, air exchange, cooling, dehumidification, drip irrigation fertilization and the like can be realized. In the invention, the greenhouse canopy environment is controlled by the drip irrigation pipe network, the control space is reduced into the crop canopy from the entire greenhouse space, and meanwhile, the uniformity is also greatly improved, thereby greatly reducing the energy consumption for greenhouse environment control, lowering the investment on control equipment, providing a uniform and appropriate environment for the growth of crops, and improving the production capacity and quality of the crops.