The invention discloses an efficient Internet of Things terminal task scheduling method, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, after a satellite Internet of Things terminal is powered on and initialized, sending a first power-on scheduling instruction to a GNSS module, and obtaining GPS position information and UTC time information; 2, calculating the entry time of the satellite in the next period according to the GPS position information and the UTC time information, calculating the entry time difference according to the entry time of the satellite in the next period and the current time, and generating a low-power-consumption instruction when it is judged that the entry time difference is larger than the stable time of the terminal; 3, when the wake-up information is detected, generating a data receiving instruction according to the wake-up information so as to control the FPGA baseband module to receive data sent by the satellite to the satellite Internet of Things terminal. According to the technical scheme, the low-power-consumption state of the satellite Internet of Things terminal is introduced, the task scheduling process is optimized, the standby time is prolonged, the battery cost is saved, and meanwhile, the success rate of data frame sending is increased.