The invention relates to the technical field of steel structure machining equipment, in particular to steel structure intelligent manufacturing polishing and derusting equipment which comprises a material moving mechanism, a positioning mechanism and a derusting device, and the derusting device comprises a first sand blasting assembly, a second sand blasting assembly, a raw material box, a detection mechanism, a recovery mechanism and two derusting boxes. Through the arrangement of the first sand blasting assembly and the second sand blasting assembly, rust stains, which cannot be removed by a grinding wheel, on the surface of a steel structure are reduced, the rust removal effect is improved, the reworking time is shortened, the automation degree of equipment is improved, and the burden of operators is reduced; through the arrangement of the recycling mechanism, waste materials and rust stains generated during rust removal work are recycled, the expenditure of raw material cost during rust removal work is reduced, meanwhile, through the arrangement of the two rust removal boxes, the waste materials, the rust stains and dust in the rust removal process are not prone to drifting away, the body health of workers is guaranteed, the workers are prevented from inhaling dust, and the working efficiency is improved. And the recycling mechanism can conveniently collect and recycle waste and rust stain dust.