The invention relates to a trimming mechanism of a plastic oil tank and a method of trimming the oil tank. The trimming mechanism comprises a big robot, a barcode printer, a weighing table and a trimming conveying line, wherein the big robot, the barcode printer and the weighing table are all located at the right side of the trimming conveying line, an oil tank grasping mechanism capable of grasping the plastic oil tank is arranged on the end of a mechanical arm of the big robot, the barcode printer and the weighing table are respectively arranged in a working travel range of the mechanical arm of the big robot, a small robot is arranged on a position, which is opposite to the big robot, at the left side of the trimming conveying line, a trimming knife capable of cutting trimmings of joint lines of the plastic oil tank is arranged on the end of a mechanical arm of the small robot, two trimming tables with the consistent shape and size are arranged between the big robot and the small robot in parallel, and the two trimming table are both fixed above the trimming conveying line. When one plastic oil tank is trimmed by the small robot, waiting, grasping, barcode pasting and weighing of another plastic oil tank can be completed by the big robot, and the trimming speed is quick, so that the production period is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.