220 results about "3d topography" patented technology

The invention relates to a visual inspection technology. In order to meet the requirements of fast and high-accurate surface three-dimensional (3D) topography online measurement and the detection requirements of a production line on intelligence, fastness, high accuracy and low cost, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a high-speed scanning and overall imaging 3D measurement method comprises the following steps of: carrying out external modulation on a driving power supply by using a laser so as to control the output of a word line laser; rotating a multifaceted prism under the drive of a high-speed motor, wherein line-structured light outputted by the laser is reflected and projected to the surface of a measured object by the multifaceted prism; and placing a photoelectric detector at a position which is the limit position projected by the line-structured light during the rotating process of the multifaceted prism, carrying out exposure on an area-array CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) camera during the process that the line-structured light scans the whole area, and establishing a measurement model, wherein the 3D coordinate (xp, yp, zp) of the surface feature point of the measured object is obtained according to a formula by using an image coordinate (u[theta]p, v[theta]p) formed by the area-array CCD camera and [theta]p. The high-speed scanning and overall imaging 3D measurement method is mainly applied to the fast and high-accurate surface 3D topography online measurement.

An optical scanner system for contiguous three-dimensional topographic or volumetric imaging of a surface from an aircraft or spacecraft is disclosed. A servo controller synchronizes the rotation rates of a pair of wedge scanners with high precision to the multi-kilohertz laser fire rate producing an infinite variety of well-controlled scan patterns. This causes the beam pattern to be laid down in precisely the same way on each scan cycle, eliminating the need to record the orientations of the wedges accurately on every laser fire, thereby reducing ancillary data storage or transmission requirements by two to three orders of magnitude and greatly simplifying data preprocessing and analysis. The described system also uses a holographic element to split the laser beam into an array that is then scanned in an arbitrary pattern. This provides more uniform signal strength to the various imaging detector channels and reduces the level of optical crosstalk between channels, resulting in a higher fidelity three-dimensional image.

The invention provides a three-dimensional terrain model real-time smooth drawing method with combination of a GPU technology, and belongs to the technical field of image processing. The objective of the invention is to provide the three-dimensional terrain model real-time smooth drawing method with combination of the GPU technology so that cache reuse in multiple times of drawing can be realized based on the current popular programmable GPU technology with a global digital elevation model acting as a data source, and load of computation space is effectively reduced. The method comprises the steps of construction of a multi-resolution pyramid model, elimination of image noise points, filtering of images, partitioning of planar projection of the earth according to equal latitude and longitude, and construction of different hierarchical levels of pyramid layers according to a mode from the top to the bottom. Acceleration and enhancement of terrain rendering are realized based on the programmable GPU technology, i.e. all phases of a graphical drawing pipeline are controlled by using shader languages, two and textures are respectively generated by vertex information and index information of elevation data to be stored in video memory for scheduling of whole terrain drawing; and vertex interpolation and migration are performed in the geometric phase by utilizing a curved surface subdivision and fractal technology so that procedural details are generated and the phenomenon of edges and corners of the terrain mesh when resolution is insufficient can be compensated.

A digital elevation database is compressed to create a compressed digital map database which is used by a digital computer system for displaying three-dimensional terrain data in the form of polygons. The compressed digital map database is produced from a database of elevation points by selecting every mth row and every nth column, thereby resulting in a reduction of database storage requirements. During program run-time the intersection of rows and columns forms cells with four corners. The elevation value of a center elevation point for each cell is formed by various methods, thereby creating a cell made up of four three-dimensional triangles. One method for creating the elevation of the center elevation point uses the elevations of the four corners of the cell. Another method uses extrapolated elevation values from the cell's extended diagonals. The three-dimensional triangles formed from the center elevation point are then transformed and projected using standard computer graphics methods on a digital computer to produce a three-dimensional projected display.

Conformal hermetic dielectric films suitable as dielectric diffusion barriers over 3D topography. In embodiments, the dielectric diffusion barrier includes a dielectric layer, such as a metal oxide, which can be deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) techniques with a conformality and density greater than can be achieved in a conventional silicon dioxide-based film deposited by a PECVD process for a thinner contiguous hermetic diffusion barrier. In further embodiments, the diffusion barrier is a multi-layered film including a high-k dielectric layer and a low-k or intermediate-k dielectric layer (e.g., a bi-layer) to reduce the dielectric constant of the diffusion barrier. In other embodiments a silicate of a high-k dielectric layer (e.g., a metal silicate) is formed to lower the k-value of the diffusion barrier by adjusting the silicon content of the silicate while maintaining high film conformality and density.

Apparatus for obtaining 3-Dimensional data of a geometric body for matching, and particularly for use in facial matching, comprises a three dimensional scanner for obtaining three-dimensional topographical data of the body, a triangulator for receiving or forming said data into a triangulated manifold, a geodesic converter, for converting the triangulated manifold into a series of geodesic distances between pairs of points of the manifold, and a multi-dimensional scaler, for forming a low dimensional Euclidean representation of the series of geodesic distances, to give a bending invariant representation of the geometric body. In one variant, matching is carried out by taking the principle eigenvalues from the representation and plotting as co-ordinates in a feature space. Tilted or different expression versions of the same face tend to form clusters in the feature space allowing for matching. The apparatus preferably uses the fast marching method for the triangulated domain to obtain the geodesic distances.

The invention relates to a single-pass full-polarization interferometric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) which combines a polarization technology and an interferometric technology. The single-pass full-polarization interferometric SAR comprises a dual-polarization active phased-array antenna, a receiving sub-machine, a calibration and acquisition sub-machine, a monitoring sub-machine, a distribution sub-machine and a recorder. By adoption of the single-pass full-polarization interferometric SAR, the polarization interferometric SAR data of eight channels can be simultaneously obtained, and a three-dimensional topographic map of a target scene can be obtained through interferometry. The obtained polarization interferometric SAR data can be applied to vegetation parameter inversion in forestry and agriculture and can be also applied to detection of surface deformation in an earthquake disaster and large-area three-dimensional topographic mapping.

The invention provides a three-dimensional terrain and radar terrain generating method based on S-57 electronic chart data. The three-dimensional terrain and radar terrain generating method comprises the steps that firstly, an elevation vector graph based on an electronic chart is generated based on the S-57 electronic chart data and through the combination of GDEM data, and the elevation vector graph serves as an uniform data source; secondly, the elevation vector graph undergoes conversion, simplification and texture mapping to generate a scene three-dimensional terrain model; at last, based on the elevation vector graph and through cutting of the data, radar terrain data generation and water depth data and navigation target data extraction are respectively completed at different sampling intervals according to needs. The three-dimensional terrain and radar terrain generating method based on the S-57 electronic chart data overcomes the defects that an existing terrain model is not uniform in data matching, not high in precision and poor in running efficiency; the three-dimensional terrain data generating technology, the GPS positioning technology and the GIS geological information technology are integrated, so that the three-dimensional scene running efficiency and the three-dimensional scene vividness are guaranteed, and meanwhile, accurate matching between scene three-dimensional terrain data, radar terrain data, water depth data and navigation target data and the electronic chart is realized.

The invention is a method for real-time drawing geometric model of realistic 3D topography, characterized in comprising the following steps of: (1) preprocessing topographical data to its structure accord to the follow-up operation; (2) adopting a topographical planning algorithm of making file-file real-time switching based on traditional LRU algorithm and the method of integrating viewpoint interests to complete the real-time planning for large-scale topographical files; (3) simplifying topographical model based on geometric Mip Map topographical network implementing and generating algorithm;(4) displaying topographical feature based on multi-grain GPU topographical Bump Map rendering algorithm; (5) realizing topographical data conversion based on four-tree ergodic topographical partial-replacing algorithm. The invention solves the problem of the drawing speed of topographical model being low, raising the drawing efficiency and achieving the purpose of real-time drawing dynamical topography.

The invention relates to the field of 3D topography measurement. An embodiment of the invention provides a speckle structure light projection module group and a 3D depth camera, wherein the speckle structure light projection module group comprises: an array light source for emitting a laser beam corresponding to a first spot pattern, a collimating lens for modulating the laser beam into a collimated beam corresponding to the first spot pattern, and a holographic optical element for modulating and expanding the collimated beam to form a second spot pattern and projecting the second spot patternto a scene object to be tested; the holographic optical element is produced via laser interference exposure processing. Thus, the holographic optical element processed via the laser interference exposure processing is used, ghost line interference problems can be prevented, and stray background light is reduced; in addition, laser interference processing can be more efficient and less expensive than etching processing.

A method for producing a surface structure for a metallic press plate, endless belt or a cylindrical embossing roller through at least one laser and a device for using the method. In order to provide a cost effective production for the surface structure while using environmentally friendly techniques, it is proposed to use a laser which produces the entire surface structure through partial removal of a surface of a metallic press plate, endless belt or embossing roller to be processed. Thus, the laser is controlled by a provided 3D topography, wherein control of the laser is performed through obtained x, y and z coordinates in order to produce a depth structure, so that high portions and low portions are formed.

The invention discloses a method for constructing the 3D topography of a weld seam based on a grid structure laser. The method includes the following steps: configuring a grid-structured laser and anindustrial camera at a fixed angle so as to constitute a shape measurement sensor, a grid-shaped structured light emitted by a grid-structured laser forming a grid-shaped light spot on the surface ofa to-be-detected component and being reflected or scattered by the surface of the to-be-detected component to enter the industrial camera for performing imaging, an image being processed to a skeletonimage which is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the weld seam, calculating the absolute heights between respective points on the surface of the weld seam and the laser emitting surface of the grid-structured laser, based on the absolute height data, constructing the profile of the surface of the weld seam. According to the invention, the method can acquire image information on the surface of the weld seam by using the laser shape measurement sensor in hand, can construct the 3D topography of the weld seam on the surface of the component in a rapid and accurate manner, and automatically and rapidly detect the topography of the weld seam.

The invention provides a method for constructing a multi-level three-dimensional terrain model through multi-source data fusion. The method sequentially comprises the steps of image control point measurement and setting, unmanned aerial vehicle flight and data processing, three-dimensional laser scanning data acquisition and processing, terrain design and satellite terrain processing, multi-sourceimage data fusion, multi-source point cloud data fusion and multi-source DEM fusion. Finally, a three-dimensional terrain model is constructed, a single-source DOM + single-source DEM fusion mode, amulti-DOM + single-source DEM fusion mode and a multi-DOM + multi-DEM fusion mode are established, and a multi-level and multi-precision three-dimensional real terrain model is constructed. The problems that an existing three-dimensional terrain model is low in precision, single in obtaining mode, poor in expression effect, poor in construction guidance and the like are solved. The invention belongs to the field of constructional engineering.

There is described a method and 3D image acquisition system for addressing the specular nature of metallic surfaces in general, and ballistic pieces of evidence in particular, using photometric stereo by identifying and solving a plurality of sets of non-linear equations comprising a diffusive term and a specular term to determine a surface normal vector field N(x, y), and using N(x, y) to determine a 3D topography Z(x, y).

An optical imaging system to image a target object includes a light source configured to emit one or more light rays to illuminate the target object and an image detector configured to capture a three-dimensional topography image of the target object when emitted light is emitted from the target object in response to being illuminated by the light rays emitted by the light source. A fluorescence image detector captures a fluorescence image of the target object when fluorescence is emitted from the target object in response illumination by light rays emitted by the light source. A controller instructs the image detector to capture the 3D topography image and the fluorescence image detector to detect the fluorescence image of the target object intraoperatively and to co-register and simultaneously display intraoperatively the co-registered topography and fluorescence information to the user via a display.

The invention discloses a 3D terrain rendering method which comprises the following steps: the current level of detail (LOD) of a terrain block is determined in accordance with the viewing distance; the gradient parameter is calculated in accordance with the viewing distance and the preset gradient section which corresponds to the current LOD of the terrain block and the vertex height value of the terrain block is corrected with the gradient parameter; and a grid model which is one precision level higher than the current LOD of the terrain block is selected and the terrain block is rendered with the corrected vertex height value. The method and the device render the corrected terrain block data vary continuously in accordance with the variation of the view point; and even the LOD of the terrain block varies, no terrain 'jumping' phenomena appears. The invention discloses a 3D terrain rendering device simultaneously.

A system for visualization of 3D objects and / or 3D terrain includes a processor, a display in communication with the processor, and a range metering device in communication with the processor. The system visualizes the 3D objects and / or the 3D terrain based upon their respective distances from the mobile device and based upon a respective parameter measuring the detail of the 3D object and / or the 3D terrain.

The present disclosure pertains to a system for determining a synthesized position of a vehicle. In some implementations, the system receives information related to the vehicle's location, the height above the ground surface of the terrain, and the vehicle's orientation from one or more first sensors; obtains a three dimensional topographical map of the terrain based on the location of the vehicle; and receives imagery data from one or more second sensors. The system determines a synthesized position of the vehicle relative to the terrain on the three dimensional topographical map by correlating a first pixel in the imagery data to a first vertex in the map, wherein the correlation is based on (i) pixel calibration information, the pixel calibration information comprising an angular relationship between the first pixel and the first vertex, (ii) the vehicle's height, and (iii) the vehicle's orientation.

The invention provides a gray level fluctuation threshold segmentation method of an image with non-uniform illumination. Compared with the existing local algorithm, the method regards the image as a three dimensional terrain of the gray level, the non-uniform illumination is equivalent to changing of the terrain landform, the grey value fluctuates up or down within a local area, thus a larger-scale crest point and trough in each gray scale fluctuation curve are searched along the horizontal and vertical directions in an iterative way, a reasonable threshold between each pair of crest point and trough point is calculated to realize the division of image goal pixels and background pixels, and finally, threshold images obtained in the two directions are subjected to integration to obtain a final segmentation image. By applying the method, the influence of non-uniform illumination can be effectively reduced, the instantaneity of the algorithm is improved, and an effective pretreatment technology base for target detection of the image under a complex background is provided.

The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional geographic scene model construction method and device based on a stereoscopic remote sensing image. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out image preprocessing on an original satellite remote sensing image, and acquiring a digital elevation model image and a digital orthoimage; conducting slicing according to a preset image slicing rule to obtain a digital elevation model image tile and a digital orthoimage tile; establishing a three-dimensional terrain model by using a triangulated irregular network construction technology, and mapping landform texture to the three-dimensional terrain model based on a texture coordinate mapping technology to obtain a partitioned three-dimensional geographic scene model; and finally, storing the partitioned three-dimensional geographic scene model according to tile row and column numbers to obtain a three-dimensional geographic scene model corresponding to the original three-dimensional satellite remote sensing image. Compared with a traditional modeling method, the technical scheme of the invention has the advantages of large modeling scale, high efficiency and high automation degree, and greatly improves the model construction efficiency and the like while ensuring modeling precision and the sense of reality.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a three-dimensional terrain scene model of a road. The method comprises the following steps: 1) obtaining terrain data along the road, a tunnel, a bridge culvert, a roadbed engineering design drawing and a remote sensing image drawing through existing technical data; 2) mining required data from the acquired data; performing geometric correction onthe obtained remote sensing image map; (3) according to the processed data, constructing a high-precision original terrain curved surface, road section cross section assembling and manufacturing anda road curved surface in sequence by combining a Civil 3D technology; the road curved surface and the original terrain curved surface being subjected to superposition processing, completing filling and excavation processing of the original curved surface, merging the processed original curved surface into 3ds Max, and processing a tunnel and a bridge culvert according to an engineering design drawing and the original curved surface to obtain a digital terrain model; and 4) superposing the remote sensing image map and the digital terrain model to establish an integral terrain scene model. According to the method, the problems of high cost and low precision of an existing terrain model are solved.

The present invention discloses a non-destructive method and apparatus for measuring the 3D topography of a sample having periodic microstructure deposited onto the surface, or deposited onto a film, or buried into the film or sample. In particular, the present invention relates to an optical system and method utilizing polarized light beam, diffracted from the repeated structure, to measure its spatial geometry giving parameters such as profile height, profile widths, sidewall angles, and arbitrary profile shape. The optical system employs a broadband or semi-monochromatic light source to produce a light beam that is polarized and focused onto the periodic structure being measured. The focused beam consists of a whole range of illumination angles that is provided to the structure simultaneously. Transmitted or reflected diffracted light generated by the interaction of the light with the periodic structure is collected by an imaging detector system. The detector records the diffraction light irradiance resolved into illumination angles, diffraction orders and wavelength. The data is applied to determine the geometrical profile of the periodic structure using a reconstruction algorithm that is based on comparisons between measured diffraction data and modeled diffraction irradiance of a profile model using Maxwell's equations. The reconstruction of the profile is performed by iterative adjustments of a profile seed model until the modeled diffraction irradiance matches the measured data within a predefined convergence tolerance.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional dynamic communication network analog simulation method, a three-dimensional dynamic communication network analog simulation system and a storage medium. Themethod comprises the following steps: establishing a communication network simulation project, and defining a communication network protocol and an equipment model; establishing a three-dimensional model project, defining a 3D entity, a 2D entity model and a three-dimensional terrain scene model, and generating a corresponding model file; newly establishing a simulation project, adding 3D entityand 2D entity model configuration parameters through the model file, and performing one-to-one mapping with NS3 node models in the communication network simulation project; and after the configurationof the simulation scene and the simulation parameters is completed, calling a communication network simulation simulator to operate simulation, and dynamically recording a simulation result. According to the embodiment of the invention, the editor, the compiler, the debugger, the engineering manager and the 2D / 3D visual display can be integrally realized, the operation is simple, and the interactive interface is friendly, so that the NS3 analog simulation system is more practical and has an industrial utilization value.

The invention relates to a laser radar and provides an airborne miniature laser radar three-dimensional plotting apparatus. The apparatus comprises a laser scanner, a high-resolution digital camera, alaser scanner and a shell. The laser scanner is partially installed on and is fixedly arranged on one external surface of the shell. The high-resolution digital camera is arranged on another externalsurface of the shell. A partial structure of the laser scanner, an embedded computer and an inertial measurement instrument are arranged in the shell. A global satellite positioning system and a storage module are arranged in the embedded computer. In the invention, the laser scanner and the digital camera are located at two opposite ends of an outer side of the shell respectively; the inertial measurement instrument, the partial structure of the laser scanner, the embedded computer and the like are arranged in the shell, and an integrated level is high; an integral structure of the plottingapparatus is guaranteed to be beautiful and an aircraft is convenient to carry the apparatus; advantages that an application is flexible, three-dimensional measurement precision is high, a topographyunder vegetations is acquired, autonomous navigation and height variation flight are achieved and so on; and the apparatus can be used for high-precision three-dimensional topography plotting of hillsand mountain areas.

The embodiment of the invention provides a map conversion method and device. The method applied to a game client, and includes: acquiring a to-be-converted game map file; calculating location information of each vertex on a surface of three-dimensional terrain in the game map file, and generating target element information, which can be recognized by a target image processing tool, according to the location information; obtaining mapping information included by the three-dimensional terrain and location information of the mapping information on the surface of the three-dimensional terrain by parsing from the game map file, and obtaining material information of the three-dimensional terrain by parsing from the game map file; saving the target element information and all the location information as a file of a first format, saving the mapping information as a file of a second format, and saving the material information as a file of a third format; and inputting the file of the first format, the file of the second format, and the file of the third format into the target image processing tool to obtain a three-dimensional game map, and converting the three-dimensional game map into a two-dimensional map through the target image processing tool.

The invention relates to the field of 3D topography measurement. The embodiment of the invention provides a compact type speckle projection module and a depth camera. The speckle structure light projection module comprises an array light source and a holographic function unit. The array light source is used for sending laser beams corresponding to a first speckle pattern. The holographic functionunit comprises at least one piece of holographic optical element, and used for executing the following functions that the laser beams are modulated into collimating beams corresponding to the first speckle pattern, the collimating beams are modulated and spread to form a second speckle pattern and the second speckle pattern is projected to a to-be-measured scene object, wherein the holographic optical elements of the holographic function unit are formed by machining and manufacturing through laser interference exposure. And therefore, the holographic function unit composed of holographic optical elements formed by the machining through laser interference exposure is used, no ghost lines interference problem is achieved and stray background light is reduced, better optical modulation effectis realized, and meanwhile the compactness and lightness structure of the module are further guaranteed.

The invention provides an urban high-precision three-dimensional terrain construction method and system based on LiDAR point cloud data. The urban high-precision three-dimensional terrain constructionmethod comprises the steps of creating a three-dimensional point cloud semantic segmentation classification system and a labeling sample library in an urban scene; establishing a three-dimensional point cloud mixed scale voxel block in an urban scene; realizing feature learning of the three-dimensional point cloud, including for a plurality of divided mixed scales, fusing detail structures of thethree-dimensional point cloud and surrounding surface background information by using a three-dimensional convolutional network with a plurality of shared weights to obtain a mixed scale feature vector of the three-dimensional point cloud; realizing semantic element segmentation of the three-dimensional point cloud, including training a feature learning network and performing reasoning predictionon the three-dimensional point cloud of a to-be-modeled area; realizing surface point interpolation of semantic and geometric symbiotic constraints, and making up holes caused by non-surface points to be filtered; and constructing an urban three-dimensional terrain model. According to the method, the semantic segmentation result precision and the precision degree of the urban three-dimensional terrain are improved, and the application requirements of sponge city construction, urban inland inundation analysis and the like are met.

The invention discloses a high-precision riverway terrain interpolation method, which comprises the following steps of: 1, classifying cross section types of a measured riverway, and determining the number of longitudinal control lines of the measured riverway; 2, superposing a river cross section control line by taking the measured river satellite image as a base map, and drawing a river longitudinal control line; 3, interpolating an elevation value at the intersection point of the cross section line and the longitudinal control line of the river channel according to the elevation data of thecross section of the river channel, and interpolating the longitudinal control line into a three-dimensional curve; 4, converting a riverway cross section control line into a three-dimensional line;and generating basic data of a three-dimensional terrain model together with the interpolated three-dimensional longitudinal control lines, performing triangular mesh subdivision on an interpolation region by adopting a Deluany method, and determining the vertex elevation of a triangular mesh by adopting a two-dimensional linear interpolation method, thereby generating the three-dimensional terrain model. According to the method, the value of the river cross section information is fully mined, and the interpolation precision is improved.

The invention provides a slope fitting method based on DEM (dynamic effect model) data. The method comprises the following steps that (1) three-dimensional topography data is obtained from a three-dimensional imaging sensor; (2) the alternate sampling is carried out on points included in the three-dimensional topography data for forming a collecting matrix; (3) K1X+K2Y+K3=Z is selected to be used as a slope plane fitting equation; (4) the center coordinate conversion is carried out on each sampling point in the collecting matrix; (5) the K calculation is algebraized to obtain each component k1_1, k1_2 to k1_m of K1, and each component k2_1, k2_2 to k2_n of K2; (6) k1_1, k1_2 to k1_m are sorted in order of size to obtain a middle value, the value K1 shown in the description is obtained, k2_1, k2_2 to k2_m are sorted in order of size to obtain a middle value, and the value K2 shown in the description is obtained; and (7) the slope angle phi is obtained through the calculation of a formula shown in the description according to K1 and K2 obtained in the step (6). The method provided by the invention has the characteristics that the topography slope estimation speed is high, and the robustness is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional model construction, and provides a three-dimensional terrain model generation method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining contour lines forming a target model, carrying out the uniform sampling of the contour lines to obtain three-dimensional sampling points, and constructing a grid based on the three-dimensional sampling points; distributing the three-dimensional sampling points in grids of the grids, and taking Z coordinate values of the three-dimensional samplingpoints falling into the grids as basic elevation values of the grids; based on the existing basic elevation value on the grid, inserting a newly added elevation value into the blank grid of the gridby utilizing a preset interpolation algorithm; and generating a three-dimensional terrain model on the grid based on the basic elevation value and the newly added elevation value. According to the method, the surface of the three-dimensional terrain model can be smoother, and the visualization effect is better.