99 results about "Thermokarst" patented technology

The invention discloses a rapid construction method of a macadamia nut early-fruiting and high-yield garden in a karst rocky desertification mountain area and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a land and carrying out soil preparation, selecting germchit, carrying out field planting on nursery stocks, carrying out tending management and shaping tree bodies. Specifically, the method comprises: selecting rock pits with the altitude of being lower than 1000m and a soil layer of being 50cm or more, and digging field planting holes; carrying out the soil preparation; selecting non-woven fabric nutrient bags grafted big seedlings as the germchit; carrying out the field planting on 3 to 5 macadamia nut varieties with relatively consistent florescence and fruit maturation period by adopting a mixed planting manner; combining water and fertilizer management and the like; topping when shoots of young plants grow to certain length every time, so as to promote the young plants to branch and culture early-fruiting and high-yield tree crowns. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the macadamia nut early-fruiting and high-yield garden is constructed in the karst rocky desertification mountain area; the garden enters an economic gain period one year ahead of a conventional grafted seedling garden; the investment period is shortened and the investment cost of constructing the garden is reduced; the recovery of vegetation covers of the karst rocky desertification mountain area can be facilitated, water and soil loss is prevented, people are led to a fortune and rocky desertification is managed.

The invention discloses a method for planting vegetation on the karst area slope, comprising: laying and fixing a wave shape plant-growing net with meshes on the slope surface, wherein the wave shape plant-growing net can be formed by connecting a surface layer net and a wave shape net and also can be formed by connecting the surface layer net, the wave shape net and the bottom layer net; spraying the artificial soil for the shrub slope protection in the karst area on the wave shape plant-growing net by a mechanical or an artificial operation method, and spraying the plant growth substrate mixed with the plant seeds on the top of the artificial soil by a sprayer. The invention lays the wave shape plant-growing net with the meshes on the shrub slope protection in the karst area, therefore, the sprayed artificial soil and seeds during laying the planting substrate can absorb in the wave shape plant-growing net with the meshes. The invention provides an adhesion platform for the artificial soil and seeds to ensure the root system expansion during plant growth, promotes the construction speed and saves the construction cost.

The invention discloses a soil-fixation and slope-protection method by planting vetiver grass, belonging to a planting method of vegetation and aiming to provide a method for administering hungriness areas by utilizing the property of the vetiver grass and planting vetiver grass in the surface of bare hills and lands, man made side slopes, tailing areas, and the like. The technique proposal comprises the following steps: sorting out fields, digging plant grooves, filling in nutrient soil, cutting, dipping in root, wrapping slurry, making vegetation pocket seedlings, transplanting the vegetation pocket seedlings and then maintaining. The method has the advantages of improving the survival rate of the vetiver grass by about 30%, having good effect in preventing water loss and soil erosion, fixing soil and protecting slopes, and effectively improving geomorphologic landscape; the method can be widely used for revegetation in bare hills and lands, hungriness areas and hammada areas of the karst region, fixing slopes and greening of man made side slopes, and administering earth surface of tailing areas, etc.

The invention provides a movable slope-varying-type steel trough for simulating soil leakage status in karst regions. The movable slope-varying-type steel trough includes a trough body, in which a vegetation simulating layer, a soil simulating layer, a rock simulating layer and a water and soil collecting layer are disposed successively from top to bottom. Steel bars or an iron wire net is arranged on the lower end of the rock simulating layer and is used for supporting and fixing the rock simulating layer. The water and soil collecting layer is a hollow layer which is disposed between the rock simulating layer and the bottom of the trough body. A soil surface collection trough and a soil leakage collection through are disposed on one side of the trough body and an elevating device is arranged on the other opposite side of the trough body and is used for lifting the trough body. The movable slope-varying-type steel trough aims to solve the problem that soil erosion researching in karst regions only focuses on the erosion process on earth surface and researching and simulation on soil leakage is still in a blank stage. The invention belongs to the field of researching and simulation of water and soil in the karst regions.

The invention discloses a method for improving soil and conserving soil and water in Karst rocky desertification areas, In the method, turf in humic acid soil at the foot of Karst mountains and Guizhou upland swamps as a soil nutrient and acidity improver, cultivated land clay of slope of Karst mountains as a soil fixing agent and little amount of artificially synthesized carboxymethylcellulose-polyacrylic resin as a soil and water conservation agent are applied to desertification Karst soil according to actual condition of soil in hoodoos and hills of desertification Karst uplands and demands for recovering the vegetation so as to achieve the purpose of improving the soil, reducing the loss of soil and water, increasing the water conservation capacity of the soil and improving the adaptability of the soil for the growth of plants and promoting the rapid recovery of plants.

The invention discloses a Karst sloping field efficient water collection irrigation method and an irrigation system. According to the method, water storing facilities are arranged on the upper part, the middle and the lower part of a mountain and are respectively used for collecting sloping surface rainwater in the upper part of the mountain, surface layer karst spring water in the middle of the mountain and road surface rainwater in the lower part of the mountain, and water storing facilitates are arranged in field land parcels to be irrigated on the whole mountain slope surface; the water storing facilities in the upper part, the middle and the lower part of the mountain and the water storing facilities in the field land parcels are interconnected by pipelines to realize the efficient water collection irrigation of the whole mountain slope surface. On the basis of the whole slope surface visual angle, water collection begins in the slope top, different types of water resources of the upper part, the middle and the lower part of the mountain are integrated and efficiently utilized, the use efficiency of rainwater resources is greatly improved, the irrigation requirements of the whole slope surface are met, the irrigation difficulty of the large-area slope surface is solved, the slope runoff and the sediment amount are effectively reduced, and the erosion to slope surface soil by rainwater is avoided.

The present invention discloses a method for calculating a maximum movement distance of collapse in a karst region. The method is characterized in comprising the following steps: a, calculating the position of the crack at the rear end of the collapse, the position of the front end of the collapse, the average length of the collapse and the width of the collapse, calculating the collapse area A, and calculating the collapse volume V through V=0.146A1.332; and b, determining the maximum movement distance Lmax of the collapse according to the elevation difference H and the collapse volume V, when the collapse volume V>100000m3, performing calculation through Lmax=H / 10 0.109 log V+0.17, and when the collapse volume V<100000m3, performing calculation through Lmax=H / 10 0.109 log V+0.22. According to the technical scheme of the present invention, the maximum movement distance of the collapse in the karst area can be accurately calculated, the hazards caused by collapse risks and collapses can be effectively avoided, and the effectiveness of disaster prevention is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for planting forest, shrub and herbaceous plant vegetation in a karst rocky desertification region. The method comprises the steps that 1, according to the change conditions of the community type, structure, composition and species characteristics of the karst rocky desertification region, a natural succession stage of the vegetation in the karst region is determined; 2, seed selection is carried out according to geology and soil conditions of the karst rocky desertification region; 3, plant combination matching is carried out by taking plant functional groupsas units; 4, according to geomorphological structure features of peak cluster depression of the karst rocky desertification region, ecological restoration and industrial development are comprehensively considered, and a three-dimensional matching mode of mountain space is established; 5, after matching, the forest, shrub and herbaceous plant vegetation is planted. The technical problems that an ecological system in the karst rocky desertification region degrades, the biological diversity is greatly reduced, and the water and soil loss is gradually intensified are solved.

The invention discloses a method for calculating relative contribution rate of underground soil erosion to ground surface soil erosion in a karst area. The method comprises the following steps: a step 1: selection of monitoring objects: reservoirs or ponds, underground rivers or different land types in the karst area are selected as monitoring objects; a step 2: monitoring objects are sampled; a step 3: 137Cs content of each sampled sample is determined; a step 4: measured values of 137Cs content in the samples are used for calculating the relative contribution rate of soil surface soil erosion to underground soil erosion. The method solves the technical problem in the prior art that a radionuclide tracer method cannot be used in karst slope due to discontinuous regolith space distribution, high bareness rate of bedrocks, existence of slip soil, and severe underground soil erosion; and solves the technical problems that middle and long term average soil erosion rate cannot be accurately estimated only by short time determination due to limited test data of traditional soil erosion monitoring methods, and back analysis and description of the relation between stony desertification and soil erosion are difficult, and the like.

A method for restoring the deterorated ecological vegetation system of karst mountain area features that the mature seeds of health trees in the forest in karst mountain area are collected, and after their shells or peels are removed and the seeds are dried in air, they are buried in the holes (4-6 cm for depth and 5-7 cm for diameter) in the degenerative karst region by 2-3 seeds for each hole.

The invention relates to a treatment method for moderate stony desertification in a karst mountain area. The treatment method includes the steps that a land terracing technology is popularized in a slope cropland, a forest for water and soil conservation is constructed on the periphery, high-yield commercial fruit-bearing forest-crystal grapes are developed on the lower portion of a peak cluster slope and part of depressions, and gold pears are developed between grasslands which are good in condition on the upper middle portion of a slope body and a sparse forestland. Through a grassland construction technology, a grassland improvement technology and a high-quality forage planting and managing technology, by the utilization of the mode of combining an intercepting ditch, a desilting basin and a small reservoir and the mode of combining a floodwater drainage canal, a water inlet ditch, a desilting basin and a reservoir, water resources are developed and utilized. An ecological medicine industry base and an ecological grape industry base are established. A machine is used for digging a well, underground water is taken, a high-position water pool is constructed at the high point of a control area, the water pool and slope surface water pool field pipelines form an irrigating net, and by the adoption of an irrigation technology, an early vegetable base is established. Through the treatment method, moderate stony desertification of the karst mountain area is effectively treated, water and soil loss is weakened, the rock exposing trend is restrained, and society and economy are coordinately developed.

The invention discloses a method for improving the habitat of native tree species in Karst. The method includes the steps of increasing the total amount of soil, conducting soil management method andperforming legume plant interplanting. To increase the total amount of the soil, a retaining wall is built up around dog bone trees to create a microhabitat suitable for the growth of dog bone wood; the soil management method includes the steps of covering the junctions of trunks and roots of the dog bone wood with weeds or litters, burying covering material into the soil every autumn and then covering again with new weeds, opening a ring-shaped, radial trench around the trees, placing a mixture of soil and water retention agent under the ground of the trench, placing decomposed compost, mud or other fertilizer thereon with other ages of trees not needed to be fertilized, and covering the top with weeds or litters; for legume plant interplanting, soybeans and peanut legumes are interplanted with certain line spacing under a dog bone tree forest, and plant nitrogen fixation is used to increase soil nitrogen content. The method for improving the habitat of the native tree species in Karst has the advantages of being strong in operation, significant in effect, broad in application prospects, and generally suitable for Karst vegetation restoration areas with poor local habitat conditions.

The invention discloses an ecological breeding method of giant salamanders. The ecological breeding method comprises step 1, pond building which comprises building a plurality of breeding ponds in a natural cave; step 2, seedling throw which comprises selecting healthy disease-free seedlings which are bred artificially and throwing the seedlings into the small ponds or the large ponds according to the size and the strength of the seedlings, wherein 15 to 20 seedlings are thrown into every pond; step 3, bait feeding which comprises directly throwing fresh baits into the pond water according to the 10 to 15% of the total weight of the giant salamanders and performing the attachment breeding of small trash fishes, loaches, cold water shrimps and crabs ; step 4, daily management which comprises controlling the water level, maintaining the water temperature to be 16 to 20 DEG C and a ph (potential of hydrogen) value of the pond water to be 7.0 to 7.5, performing regular disinfection on a water body through bleach or chlorine dioxide and mixing the allicin, gallnut or rhubarb powder into the baits to perform once feeding every 15 days. According to the ecological breeding method of the giant salamanders, the constant breeding temperature of the natural cave and the weak base water quality formed by the Karst landform cave are beneficial to the growth and reproduction of the giant salamanders and accordingly the life of the giant salamanders is long, the nature of the giant salamanders does not degrade, the incidence of diseases is reduced, and the growth and reproduction rate and the survival rate are improved.

The invention discloses a rock-surface runoff collecting method applicable to karst regions and an irrigation system. The method includes the steps of A, searching for a rock with a flat rock surfaceas far as possible in the middle of a mountain, and building a water storage tank on the rock surface with cement mortar; B, laying stripped cement on the rock surface at the rock-soil interface withcement mortar, and parallelly inserting L-shaped polyvinyl chloride strips to form a water holding grooves; connecting holes in the water holding grooves with a water collecting barrel arranged in themiddle of the mountain, placing a stirring barrel on the lower portion of the mountain, and allowing the stirring barrel to be higher than a field, wherein the water collecting barrel is connected with the stirring barrel through a water conveying pipe; D, digging a circular hole in a to-be-irrigated position of the field, inserting a prefabricated polyvinyl chloride circular pipe, filling the gap between the circular hole and the circular pipe with dry branches and fallen leaves, and connecting the stirring barrel and the polyvinyl chloride circular pipe with a water conveying pipe. The rock-surface runoff collecting method has the advantages that the pressure of few surface water sources of a karst slope during irrigation is relieved, the problem that existing slope irrigation is singlein mode and low in efficiency is solved, and slope water and soil loss quantity is reduced to a certain extent.

The invention discloses a revegetation method for stony desertification areas of lead-zinc-ore-polluted places in karst regions. The method includes: cleaning and flattening slopes; using different revegetation methods for slopes of different angles, to be more specific, planting drought-resistant and barren-soil-resistant trees on the slopes smaller than 60 degrees; drilling holes in the slopes larger than 65 degrees and smaller than 85 degrees, knocking expansion hooks into the holes, fixing a slope protecting mesh to the expansion hooks, weaving a plant fiber mesh on the surface of the steel wire mesh, and spreading local mother soil mixed with plant seeds, a water retaining agent, an adhesive, humus and the like to the slope; planting vines on the slopes larger than 85 degrees; performing maintenance management. The method has the advantages that different revegetation methods are used according to different terrain, local dominant plants are mainly used to building a complete plant ecological chain, a high targeting effect is achieved, and the method is simple and convenient to implement, stable and durable in remediation effect, capable of well adapting to the ecological environment of the karst regions, and capable of preventing water and soil loss and protecting the ecological environment.

The invention discloses a collocation method for hedgerows in a moderate-intense rocky desertification environment in a karst area. The collocation method comprises planting processes of hedgerow selection, ridge height measurement of a sloping farmland, soil preparation, sowing and pruning, and forms a hedgerow collocation manner of interplanting different varieties of economic crops and high-quality forage on a rock ridge, a ridge slope and a ridge foot of the land in a karst rocky desertification area. According to the invention, through the hedgerow collocation manner of interplanting different varieties of economic crops and high-quality forage on the rock ridge, the ridge slope and the ridge foot of the land in the karst rocky desertification area, only a small land area is occupied; crops can be planted among ridges; planting of the hedgerows on rock ridges can significantly improve physicochemical properties of soil; water and soil loss is reduced; rocky desertification is treated; meanwhile, economic income and environmental awareness of local farmers are significantly improved; and the collocation method is more easily to be accepted by farmers in a mountainous area with more population and little land.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating chayote in Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions. The method is characterized in that 'green-skin' chayote varieties are cultivated by the aid of the method, and the method includes steps of growing seedlings; planting the seedlings in fields; pruning and shaping the seedlings; managing fertilizers and water; managing the fields; preventing and treating diseases and insect pests. The method has the advantages that the Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions can be effectively prevented from being continuously expanded, and water retaining, soil moisture conserving and water and soil loss reducing effects can be realized for soil in the Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions; the 'green-skin' chayote varieties are popularized and planted in the Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions for the first time, the planted chayote is high in quality and yield and has huge economic and social benefits, and the like.

The invention discloses a method for planting rubus corchorifolius at karst regions for slope-to-terrace cliff landscape renovation. Rubus corchorifolius is a plant species commonly seen in the karst regions and is high in climbing capability of rootstocks and tendrils, quite adaptive to growing environments of the karst regions, high in growing quality and free of causing biological invasion, the rubus corchorifolius is selected and planted below slope-to-terrace cliffs, frames are set up for traction growing to enable the rubus corchorifolius to cover exposed cliffs, and planting management is performed according to the method, so that overall landscape can be better renovated. The upright canopy frames are adopted, so that full utilization of space and maintaining of ventilation and light-transmitting are realized, occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is avoided, the rootstocks and the tendrils can be dragged to the greatest extent to cover the cliffs, and effect of renovation of cliff landscape is realized. Trimming and shaping are performed in winter each year to prevent occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests, and manual control and traction are performed to growing of the rootstocks and the tendrils to renovate the cliff landscape. By the method, landscape renovation can be quickly and effectively performed on the slope-to-terrace project cliffs at the karst regions, water and soil loss can be reduced, and certain economic benefit can be created, so that the method has very good application prospect.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing the underground leakage of soil in a karst region. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of typical observation points in a study area; setting one quadrat at each observation point, and drawing a line marker at the contact of a rock interface and a soil surface; carrying out a soil sample collection technology in a "soil layer + rock-soil interface" manner, measuring the soil layer creep displacement with the drawn line marker as a reference point according to the time scale required by the study, which is individual rainfall, month, season or year, after the soil leakage; collecting a soil sample after the leakage or study period, and analyzing the soil particle composition of the soil sample; carrying out a traditional technology which is a pipette technology or a laser particle size technology; and analyzing the creep displacement and the leakage of the soil. The creep displacement of crack soil in the karst region and the mass fraction change of the particle size grades of soil particles are analyzed by combining line marker drawing with the soil particle analysis-pipette technology in order to reveal theunderground leakage process of the soil in the karst region.

The invention discloses a soil collecting device for cave drip water and fissure water in a karst region. The soil collecting device comprises a soil collector, a support frame (11) and a microwave drying device (12), wherein the support frame (11) is movably mounted at the bottom of the soil collector; the soil collector is divided into three parts from top to bottom, wherein the first part comprises a nylon mesh gauze (1), a first layer of nylon mesh sieve (2) and quartz sand (3); the second part comprises a second layer of nylon mesh sieve (4) and high-density sponge (5); the third part comprises a water collecting basin (6) and a fine filter screen (7); a water drainage pipe (8) is connected to the bottom of the water collecting basin (6); a container (9) is placed under the water drainage pipe (8). The soil collecting device disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of being simple in structure, high in measurement precision, convenient to operate and maintain, solid and durable, energy-saving and efficient, low in cost, continuous in operation and the like and has an obvious advantage in the study on soil loss amount and precipitation response.

The karst landform water mill drilling construction technology of the present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and aims to solve the difficulties in breaking hard rocks, slow construction progress, large noise, and poor foundation hole forming effect in the traditional foundation hole forming construction technology with hard foundation rocks. technical problem. The karst geomorphic water mill drilling construction technology of the present invention includes the following steps: a) On the ground surface to be constructed, mark out the outer circumference of the target hole and two mutually perpendicular diameter lines according to the position and size of the target hole; Carry out core drilling on the outer circumference of the hole; c) Repeat step b until all core drilling operations along the outer circumference of the target hole are completed; d) Adopt the core drilling operation method of steps b to c, and follow the two diameters described in step a The core drilling operation is carried out on the line, and the central axis of the drill barrel intersects the diameter line perpendicularly during the operation; e) Break and remove the stones in the target hole.

The invention discloses a construction method for basement floor seepage under Karst landform conditions. The construction method is implemented by a prefabricated steel pipe. An annular plate is welded in the middle of the prefabricated steel pipe, through holes are uniformly formed in the annular plate, expansion bolts are arranged in the through holes, water seepage holes are uniformly formed in the pipe wall of the lower portion of the prefabricated steel pipe, a filter screen sleeve sleeves the lower portion of the prefabricated steel pipe, and a backwash device is inserted in the prefabricated steel pipe. Severe seepage regions can be perforated by the aid of the construction method according to structure floor water seepage distribution conditions, underground water pressure reliefand drainage can be carried out by rear pressure relief and drainage pipes, backwash and cleaning can be periodically carried out, the smoothness of drainage pipes can be guaranteed, a floor can keepdry, and accordingly the construction method has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, obvious drainage effects and the like. Besides, the construction method can be widely applied to engineering for floor cracking seepage due to confined water and is extensive in popularization.

The invention discloses a method and irrigation system suitable for ecological governance of cliff fracture surfaces in karst stony mountain areas. The method includes the steps of 1, manufacturing plant growing grooves, preparing pulling anchors, setting the installation positions according to the palisades tendency, placing the grooves in a staggered mode, and after grooves are formed in palisades and anchoring plates are installed on the palisades, constructing and fixing the plant growing grooves, wherein each plant growing groove comprises a water groove and a soil medium groove which areseparated from each other; 2, sequentially filling the plant growing grooves with supporting granules, separation nets and soil mediums blended with soil, fertilizer, water-retaining agents and seeds; 3, building an irrigation facility on the top of a cliff, and carrying out irrigation with the cooperation of the plant growing grooves. The whole devices involve a main irrigation water pipe, the pulling anchors, rock hillslopes, drainage water pipes, the anchoring plates, plants, outer walls, water groove baffles, a soil layer, the separation nets, the soil medium grooves, a water supply layer, the supporting granules, the water grooves, clapboards, segments of the main irrigation water pipe, the plant growing grooves and a water collecting gutter. According to the method and irrigation system suitable for the ecological governance of the cliff fracture surfaces in the karst stony mountain areas, the problem that ecological governance is difficult to achieve on fracture surfaces of stony mountains with high gradient is solved, the vegetation recovery effect can be achieved fast, management and maintenance are simple and economical, and the governance effect can be maintained for along time.

The invention discloses a method for calculating soil erosion or deposit volume in a karst region by a stone forest. The method includes: selecting a stone column, and making a mark line a at a contact position of the stone column and a surface soil layer; measuring the width of the stone column passing through a horizontal plane of the mark line a, and taking the width as a side length to mark a square region with the area being S on an adjacent soil layer; after raining or after one year, making a mark line a1 at the contact position of the stone column and the surface soil layer, measuring the width of the stone column passing through a horizontal plane of the mark line a1, taking the width as a side length to mark a square region with the area being S' on the adjacent soil layer, measuring a variation height H of the stone column from the mark line a to the mark line a1, and taking the height H as a height for measuring volume of erosion or deposit soil; calculating volume V of erosion or deposit soil in the tested region; measuring soil density p of each region; calculating soil erosion or deposit volume A. The method solves the technical problems of low technical precision, large errors, difficulty in model parameter acquisition and the like in the prior art.

The invention discloses a large-scale karst low-lying land hydrophobic structure and a construction method thereof. The large-scale karst low-lying land hydrophobic structure comprises a drainage ditch, a rain storing pool, a drainage gallery and a natural drainage pipeline. The rain storing pool is arranged in the center of the bottom of a low-lying land, drainage ditch, in the middle lower partof the low-lying land, is arranged perpendicular to the contour line, the drainage ditch is connected with the rain storing pool, the side wall of the rain storing pool is connected with the artificial drainage pipeline, the drainage gallery is a non-pressure tunnel, the height above sea level of the natural drainage pipe is less than the center of the bottom of the low-lying land, and the naturaldrainage pipe communicates with the center of the bottom of the low-lying land through a ponor. According to the large-scale karst low-lying land hydrophobic structure, the surface water in the kastelow-lying land is drained out through drainage structures, the rainfall in the low-lying land is gathered through the drainage ditch and the rain storing pool, dredged into the drainage gallery and discharged outside the low-lying land through the drainage gallery, meanwhile the characteristics that the kaste low-lying land natural pipeline is high in flow speed and large in flow amount are used,the underground water in the low-lying land is discharged from the natural kaste pipeline to an underground river system, and problems of waterlogging drainage, dangerous rock prevention, slope failure and the like in the large-scale karst low-lying land are effectively solved through the large-scale karst low-lying land hydrophobic structure and the construction method thereof.

The invention discloses a passion fruit planting method in karst region, comprising the following steps: 1) erecting a rack; 2) planting; 3) soil fertilizer and water management and leaf surface fertilizer and water management; 4) trimming before climbing to the rack: after the seedlings are planted and survive, fixing tips (bonding branches), smearing auxiliary buds and flower buds in time, and reserving branch leaves, until the primary vines climb to the rack; 5) shaping and trimming after climbing to the rack: removing the tops when the primary vines of the fruit tree grow to 2m along a unified direction; removing the tops when the secondary vines grow to the edge along a transverse sustaining wires; enabling blanches with fruits to grown by drooping, reserving 4-6 flower buds, pickingup tendrils and then removing the tops, with length within 50cm, wherein the shaping and trimming shapes of the primary vines and the secondary vines like fish bones. By adopting the planting method disclosed by the invention, high-yield passion fruit can be obtained, the yield can reach a level that each 667m<2> produces 2500kg of fruits in the high-yielding period, and compared with existing planting technology, the yield can be increased by 25%, the economical benefit is remarkable and the environment is greatly improved, and the method can achieve the effects of preserving soil and water,improving the ecological environment of the river valley zone along the river of the karst region, and improving the soil quality.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecosystems and discloses a method for assessing a recovery potential of a karst ecosystem using soil animals. A measurement method of the recovery potential of the karst ecosystem uses the soil animals as an object; and a field in-situ soil column transplanting experiment and an indoor culture experiment of soil animal egg banks are used to comprehensively evaluate the diffusion recovery potential of the soil animals in karst area and the recovery potential of dormant egg banks. The karst stony desertification typical area of Puding County of Guizhou Province is used as an example; the diffusion recovery potential and influencing factors of the soil animals under different stony desertification degrees in karst of Guizhou are investigated and analyzed to explore the recovery potential of the dormant egg banks of the soil animals under the background of the karst stony desertification and to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and comprehensive prevention of the fragile ecosystems in the karst stony desertification area.

The invention relates to an excavation method of a bedding slope crack toe plate protection layer of karst landform. The excavation method is characterized by adopting simultaneous blasting of toe plate foundation surface bench blasting and upstream slope double-energy-gathering pre-splitting smooth surface blasting and combining a flexible cushion layer and a bench millisecond differential blasting method with a reserved protection layer; and the excavation method specifically comprises the following steps that technical disclosure is conducted; survey and setting out are conducted; blast hole positions are determined; a drill rig is in place; the drill rig starts drilling, and a hole drilling record is filled; when a blast hole is drilled to be about 40 cm, recheck is conducted, and thehole drilling angle is adjusted; the blast hole depth is controlled, and the 30-50 cm of protecting layer is reserved; as for the special geological conditions, related records are well made, and whether blasting design is adjusted or not is considered; blasting construction is conducted; according to the blasting design, the blast hole is filled with the flexible cushion layer, explosive is charged, the hole is plugged, explosive in the hole is networked, and blasting is conducted; and the protection layer is excavated. According to the excavation method of the bedding slope crack toe plate protection layer of the karst landform, the cost is saved, the mechanical utilization rate is increased, the construction progress is accelerated, and the favorable conditions are created for subsequent construction.

The invention relates to a foundation scheme of a transmission line pole and tower under the karstic feature, in particular to a transmission line pole and tower hollow-square type pile anchor composite foundation suitable for a karst region and a construction method thereof. The center is a pile foundation, an anchor rod foundation mounted on the periphery of the pile foundation and a plate typesteel reinforcement cage located in the middle of the pile foundation and containing a surrounding pile foundation are arranged on the periphery, a hollow-square structure is formed on a section, theplate type steel reinforcement cage is a connecting body of the pile foundation and anchor rods, and meanwhile serves as a bearing platform, through concrete pouring, the pile foundation and the platetype anchor rod foundation are connected to form a whole body, and bearing force is provided for the pile foundation. When the foundation is applied to the fact that on the transmission line karst region, in the pile foundation excavating process, during meeting a substrate large karst cave, the pile foundation and the plate type anchor rod composite foundation can be organically combined, comprehensive up-pull / down-press bearing force is improved, the side effect of the karst geology on transmission line building can be effectively solved, it is ensured that the foundation stress meets the bearing force needs, a karst cave does not need to be avoided, the construction period is ensured, and the construction investment is reduced.

The invention discloses a planting method of bee sugar plums in karst areas. The planting method includes the steps: deeply plowing a land before planting, and applying fermented rotten organic fertilizers; selecting bee sugar plum seedlings with strong tree vigor; planting the seedlings according the density of 5m row spacing and 3m plant spacing in spring; additionally applying fermented rotten organic fertilizers once after the autumn in October of each year; pruning according to an open-center shape when the distance between the bee sugar plum and the ground is 70-90cm, cutting and determining a trunk, selecting 3-4 branches to serve as main branches from newly-growing branches from the same year determining the trunk in spring of the second year, angles among the branches are 45-60 degrees, respectively selecting 1-2 angles from each main branch to open in spring of the third year, cutting one-third-one half of complete strong grown branches, and taking the cut branches as secondary long branches of the main branches; configuring April plums according to the proportion of 6:1. The proportion of the bee sugar plums to the April plums is 6:1, the flowering period of the April plums is basically consistent with that of the bee sugar plums, and pollen affinity of the April plums is high. The planting method is simple to operate, the bee sugar plums are high in survival rate and suitable for popularization and application in the karst areas, and yield is improved by 20-30%.