98 results about "Thermokarst" patented technology

The invention discloses a rapid construction method of a macadamia nut early-fruiting and high-yield garden in a karst rocky desertification mountain area and belongs to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a land and carrying out soil preparation, selecting germchit, carrying out field planting on nursery stocks, carrying out tending management and shaping tree bodies. Specifically, the method comprises: selecting rock pits with the altitude of being lower than 1000m and a soil layer of being 50cm or more, and digging field planting holes; carrying out the soil preparation; selecting non-woven fabric nutrient bags grafted big seedlings as the germchit; carrying out the field planting on 3 to 5 macadamia nut varieties with relatively consistent florescence and fruit maturation period by adopting a mixed planting manner; combining water and fertilizer management and the like; topping when shoots of young plants grow to certain length every time, so as to promote the young plants to branch and culture early-fruiting and high-yield tree crowns. By adopting the method provided by the invention, the macadamia nut early-fruiting and high-yield garden is constructed in the karst rocky desertification mountain area; the garden enters an economic gain period one year ahead of a conventional grafted seedling garden; the investment period is shortened and the investment cost of constructing the garden is reduced; the recovery of vegetation covers of the karst rocky desertification mountain area can be facilitated, water and soil loss is prevented, people are led to a fortune and rocky desertification is managed.

The invention discloses a soil-fixation and slope-protection method by planting vetiver grass, belonging to a planting method of vegetation and aiming to provide a method for administering hungriness areas by utilizing the property of the vetiver grass and planting vetiver grass in the surface of bare hills and lands, man made side slopes, tailing areas, and the like. The technique proposal comprises the following steps: sorting out fields, digging plant grooves, filling in nutrient soil, cutting, dipping in root, wrapping slurry, making vegetation pocket seedlings, transplanting the vegetation pocket seedlings and then maintaining. The method has the advantages of improving the survival rate of the vetiver grass by about 30%, having good effect in preventing water loss and soil erosion, fixing soil and protecting slopes, and effectively improving geomorphologic landscape; the method can be widely used for revegetation in bare hills and lands, hungriness areas and hammada areas of the karst region, fixing slopes and greening of man made side slopes, and administering earth surface of tailing areas, etc.

The invention provides a movable slope-varying-type steel trough for simulating soil leakage status in karst regions. The movable slope-varying-type steel trough includes a trough body, in which a vegetation simulating layer, a soil simulating layer, a rock simulating layer and a water and soil collecting layer are disposed successively from top to bottom. Steel bars or an iron wire net is arranged on the lower end of the rock simulating layer and is used for supporting and fixing the rock simulating layer. The water and soil collecting layer is a hollow layer which is disposed between the rock simulating layer and the bottom of the trough body. A soil surface collection trough and a soil leakage collection through are disposed on one side of the trough body and an elevating device is arranged on the other opposite side of the trough body and is used for lifting the trough body. The movable slope-varying-type steel trough aims to solve the problem that soil erosion researching in karst regions only focuses on the erosion process on earth surface and researching and simulation on soil leakage is still in a blank stage. The invention belongs to the field of researching and simulation of water and soil in the karst regions.

The invention discloses a method for improving soil and conserving soil and water in Karst rocky desertification areas, In the method, turf in humic acid soil at the foot of Karst mountains and Guizhou upland swamps as a soil nutrient and acidity improver, cultivated land clay of slope of Karst mountains as a soil fixing agent and little amount of artificially synthesized carboxymethylcellulose-polyacrylic resin as a soil and water conservation agent are applied to desertification Karst soil according to actual condition of soil in hoodoos and hills of desertification Karst uplands and demands for recovering the vegetation so as to achieve the purpose of improving the soil, reducing the loss of soil and water, increasing the water conservation capacity of the soil and improving the adaptability of the soil for the growth of plants and promoting the rapid recovery of plants.

The invention discloses a Karst sloping field efficient water collection irrigation method and an irrigation system. According to the method, water storing facilities are arranged on the upper part, the middle and the lower part of a mountain and are respectively used for collecting sloping surface rainwater in the upper part of the mountain, surface layer karst spring water in the middle of the mountain and road surface rainwater in the lower part of the mountain, and water storing facilitates are arranged in field land parcels to be irrigated on the whole mountain slope surface; the water storing facilities in the upper part, the middle and the lower part of the mountain and the water storing facilities in the field land parcels are interconnected by pipelines to realize the efficient water collection irrigation of the whole mountain slope surface. On the basis of the whole slope surface visual angle, water collection begins in the slope top, different types of water resources of the upper part, the middle and the lower part of the mountain are integrated and efficiently utilized, the use efficiency of rainwater resources is greatly improved, the irrigation requirements of the whole slope surface are met, the irrigation difficulty of the large-area slope surface is solved, the slope runoff and the sediment amount are effectively reduced, and the erosion to slope surface soil by rainwater is avoided.

The invention discloses a method for planting forest, shrub and herbaceous plant vegetation in a karst rocky desertification region. The method comprises the steps that 1, according to the change conditions of the community type, structure, composition and species characteristics of the karst rocky desertification region, a natural succession stage of the vegetation in the karst region is determined; 2, seed selection is carried out according to geology and soil conditions of the karst rocky desertification region; 3, plant combination matching is carried out by taking plant functional groupsas units; 4, according to geomorphological structure features of peak cluster depression of the karst rocky desertification region, ecological restoration and industrial development are comprehensively considered, and a three-dimensional matching mode of mountain space is established; 5, after matching, the forest, shrub and herbaceous plant vegetation is planted. The technical problems that an ecological system in the karst rocky desertification region degrades, the biological diversity is greatly reduced, and the water and soil loss is gradually intensified are solved.

The invention relates to a treatment method for moderate stony desertification in a karst mountain area. The treatment method includes the steps that a land terracing technology is popularized in a slope cropland, a forest for water and soil conservation is constructed on the periphery, high-yield commercial fruit-bearing forest-crystal grapes are developed on the lower portion of a peak cluster slope and part of depressions, and gold pears are developed between grasslands which are good in condition on the upper middle portion of a slope body and a sparse forestland. Through a grassland construction technology, a grassland improvement technology and a high-quality forage planting and managing technology, by the utilization of the mode of combining an intercepting ditch, a desilting basin and a small reservoir and the mode of combining a floodwater drainage canal, a water inlet ditch, a desilting basin and a reservoir, water resources are developed and utilized. An ecological medicine industry base and an ecological grape industry base are established. A machine is used for digging a well, underground water is taken, a high-position water pool is constructed at the high point of a control area, the water pool and slope surface water pool field pipelines form an irrigating net, and by the adoption of an irrigation technology, an early vegetable base is established. Through the treatment method, moderate stony desertification of the karst mountain area is effectively treated, water and soil loss is weakened, the rock exposing trend is restrained, and society and economy are coordinately developed.

The invention discloses a rock-surface runoff collecting method applicable to karst regions and an irrigation system. The method includes the steps of A, searching for a rock with a flat rock surfaceas far as possible in the middle of a mountain, and building a water storage tank on the rock surface with cement mortar; B, laying stripped cement on the rock surface at the rock-soil interface withcement mortar, and parallelly inserting L-shaped polyvinyl chloride strips to form a water holding grooves; connecting holes in the water holding grooves with a water collecting barrel arranged in themiddle of the mountain, placing a stirring barrel on the lower portion of the mountain, and allowing the stirring barrel to be higher than a field, wherein the water collecting barrel is connected with the stirring barrel through a water conveying pipe; D, digging a circular hole in a to-be-irrigated position of the field, inserting a prefabricated polyvinyl chloride circular pipe, filling the gap between the circular hole and the circular pipe with dry branches and fallen leaves, and connecting the stirring barrel and the polyvinyl chloride circular pipe with a water conveying pipe. The rock-surface runoff collecting method has the advantages that the pressure of few surface water sources of a karst slope during irrigation is relieved, the problem that existing slope irrigation is singlein mode and low in efficiency is solved, and slope water and soil loss quantity is reduced to a certain extent.

The invention discloses a method for cultivating chayote in Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions. The method is characterized in that 'green-skin' chayote varieties are cultivated by the aid of the method, and the method includes steps of growing seedlings; planting the seedlings in fields; pruning and shaping the seedlings; managing fertilizers and water; managing the fields; preventing and treating diseases and insect pests. The method has the advantages that the Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions can be effectively prevented from being continuously expanded, and water retaining, soil moisture conserving and water and soil loss reducing effects can be realized for soil in the Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions; the 'green-skin' chayote varieties are popularized and planted in the Karst rocky desertification mountainous regions for the first time, the planted chayote is high in quality and yield and has huge economic and social benefits, and the like.

The karst landform water mill drilling construction technology of the present invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, and aims to solve the difficulties in breaking hard rocks, slow construction progress, large noise, and poor foundation hole forming effect in the traditional foundation hole forming construction technology with hard foundation rocks. technical problem. The karst geomorphic water mill drilling construction technology of the present invention includes the following steps: a) On the ground surface to be constructed, mark out the outer circumference of the target hole and two mutually perpendicular diameter lines according to the position and size of the target hole; Carry out core drilling on the outer circumference of the hole; c) Repeat step b until all core drilling operations along the outer circumference of the target hole are completed; d) Adopt the core drilling operation method of steps b to c, and follow the two diameters described in step a The core drilling operation is carried out on the line, and the central axis of the drill barrel intersects the diameter line perpendicularly during the operation; e) Break and remove the stones in the target hole.

The invention discloses a construction method for basement floor seepage under Karst landform conditions. The construction method is implemented by a prefabricated steel pipe. An annular plate is welded in the middle of the prefabricated steel pipe, through holes are uniformly formed in the annular plate, expansion bolts are arranged in the through holes, water seepage holes are uniformly formed in the pipe wall of the lower portion of the prefabricated steel pipe, a filter screen sleeve sleeves the lower portion of the prefabricated steel pipe, and a backwash device is inserted in the prefabricated steel pipe. Severe seepage regions can be perforated by the aid of the construction method according to structure floor water seepage distribution conditions, underground water pressure reliefand drainage can be carried out by rear pressure relief and drainage pipes, backwash and cleaning can be periodically carried out, the smoothness of drainage pipes can be guaranteed, a floor can keepdry, and accordingly the construction method has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, obvious drainage effects and the like. Besides, the construction method can be widely applied to engineering for floor cracking seepage due to confined water and is extensive in popularization.

The invention discloses a method for calculating soil erosion or deposit volume in a karst region by a stone forest. The method includes: selecting a stone column, and making a mark line a at a contact position of the stone column and a surface soil layer; measuring the width of the stone column passing through a horizontal plane of the mark line a, and taking the width as a side length to mark a square region with the area being S on an adjacent soil layer; after raining or after one year, making a mark line a1 at the contact position of the stone column and the surface soil layer, measuring the width of the stone column passing through a horizontal plane of the mark line a1, taking the width as a side length to mark a square region with the area being S' on the adjacent soil layer, measuring a variation height H of the stone column from the mark line a to the mark line a1, and taking the height H as a height for measuring volume of erosion or deposit soil; calculating volume V of erosion or deposit soil in the tested region; measuring soil density p of each region; calculating soil erosion or deposit volume A. The method solves the technical problems of low technical precision, large errors, difficulty in model parameter acquisition and the like in the prior art.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecosystems and discloses a method for assessing a recovery potential of a karst ecosystem using soil animals. A measurement method of the recovery potential of the karst ecosystem uses the soil animals as an object; and a field in-situ soil column transplanting experiment and an indoor culture experiment of soil animal egg banks are used to comprehensively evaluate the diffusion recovery potential of the soil animals in karst area and the recovery potential of dormant egg banks. The karst stony desertification typical area of Puding County of Guizhou Province is used as an example; the diffusion recovery potential and influencing factors of the soil animals under different stony desertification degrees in karst of Guizhou are investigated and analyzed to explore the recovery potential of the dormant egg banks of the soil animals under the background of the karst stony desertification and to provide a scientific basis for the restoration and comprehensive prevention of the fragile ecosystems in the karst stony desertification area.

The invention relates to an excavation method of a bedding slope crack toe plate protection layer of karst landform. The excavation method is characterized by adopting simultaneous blasting of toe plate foundation surface bench blasting and upstream slope double-energy-gathering pre-splitting smooth surface blasting and combining a flexible cushion layer and a bench millisecond differential blasting method with a reserved protection layer; and the excavation method specifically comprises the following steps that technical disclosure is conducted; survey and setting out are conducted; blast hole positions are determined; a drill rig is in place; the drill rig starts drilling, and a hole drilling record is filled; when a blast hole is drilled to be about 40 cm, recheck is conducted, and thehole drilling angle is adjusted; the blast hole depth is controlled, and the 30-50 cm of protecting layer is reserved; as for the special geological conditions, related records are well made, and whether blasting design is adjusted or not is considered; blasting construction is conducted; according to the blasting design, the blast hole is filled with the flexible cushion layer, explosive is charged, the hole is plugged, explosive in the hole is networked, and blasting is conducted; and the protection layer is excavated. According to the excavation method of the bedding slope crack toe plate protection layer of the karst landform, the cost is saved, the mechanical utilization rate is increased, the construction progress is accelerated, and the favorable conditions are created for subsequent construction.

The invention discloses a planting method of bee sugar plums in karst areas. The planting method includes the steps: deeply plowing a land before planting, and applying fermented rotten organic fertilizers; selecting bee sugar plum seedlings with strong tree vigor; planting the seedlings according the density of 5m row spacing and 3m plant spacing in spring; additionally applying fermented rotten organic fertilizers once after the autumn in October of each year; pruning according to an open-center shape when the distance between the bee sugar plum and the ground is 70-90cm, cutting and determining a trunk, selecting 3-4 branches to serve as main branches from newly-growing branches from the same year determining the trunk in spring of the second year, angles among the branches are 45-60 degrees, respectively selecting 1-2 angles from each main branch to open in spring of the third year, cutting one-third-one half of complete strong grown branches, and taking the cut branches as secondary long branches of the main branches; configuring April plums according to the proportion of 6:1. The proportion of the bee sugar plums to the April plums is 6:1, the flowering period of the April plums is basically consistent with that of the bee sugar plums, and pollen affinity of the April plums is high. The planting method is simple to operate, the bee sugar plums are high in survival rate and suitable for popularization and application in the karst areas, and yield is improved by 20-30%.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for Indian jujube tress grown on a Karst stony desertification mountainous land. The cultivating method is characterized in that the to-be-cultivated Indian Jujube is called Gaolang No.1; a Biyun tree is chosen as a polinizer; and the polinizers taking up 10 to 20% of total planting amounts are configured. The cultivating method comprises steps of land preparation, planting fixation, water and fertilizer management, trimming and cutting, field management and pest control. Self-conservation stony desertification land expansion can be effectively prevented by the use of the cultivating method, and soil moisture retention can be achieved for the Karst stony desertification mountainous land, so water and soil erosion can be reduced; the Gaolang No.1 and the Biyun trees introduced to the land and widely grown are advantaged by great quality and large yield; and great economic and social benefits can be achieved.