The invention discloses an oxygen supply system for a blast furnace ironmaking taphole of an iron mill. The system comprises an oxygen supply gun, an air outlet pipe, a protection pipe, an air supplypipe, an air conveyor, an oxygen pipe and an oxygen conveyor, the oxygen supply gun is fixedly connected with an air outlet pipe; a gun head is fixedly connected to the right end part of the oxygen supply gun; the left end of the oxygen supply gun is fixedly connected with a gas supply pipe and an oxygen pipe; one end, deviating from the oxygen supply gun, of the gas supply pipe is fixedly connected with a gas conveyor; the end, away from the oxygen feeding gun, of the oxygen pipe is fixedly connected with an oxygen conveying machine, the oxygen feeding pipe and the oxygen pipe are communicated through a communicating pipe, a communicating valve is connected to the communicating pipe in series, and a stop valve, a third adjusting valve, a second barometer, an oxygen instantaneous flow metering totalizer and a fourth adjusting valve are connected to the oxygen pipe in series. Through the arrangement of the oxygen feeding gun, the gas outlet pipe, the protection pipe, the gas feeding pipe, the gas conveying machine, the oxygen pipe and the oxygen conveying machine, the problems that a traditional treatment method is unsafe, not environmentally friendly, not economical, not efficientand even illegal are solved.