The invention belongs to the field of mineral equipment, and discloses a flotation system for rare mineral separation, which comprises a machine body, a driving space is arranged in the machine body, a driving mechanism for providing energy for the device is arranged in the driving space, and a raw material space is arranged on the lower side of the driving space. A stirring mechanism used for scattering mixed minerals is arranged in the raw material space, through the design of a flotation mechanism, bubbles generated by airflow in flotation liquid are scattered, meanwhile, the bubbles are in hedging contact with the airflow at a discharge port, then the contact between the bubbles and the minerals is fully increased, and therefore the mineral flotation efficiency is greatly improved; through the design of a collecting and scraping mechanism, liquid entangled on a corresponding storage scraping plate can be absorbed, so that water on the collecting and scraping surface of the corresponding storage scraping plate is greatly reduced, next collecting and scraping can be better carried out, meanwhile, the adhesion rate of foam on the storage scraping plate is greatly increased, and the collecting and scraping efficiency is improved.