The invention discloses a wheel pair intelligent cleaning and paint removing device. The device comprises a wheel feeding mechanism, a wheel discharging mechanism, a wheel rotating mechanism, a stop mechanism, a cleaning and paint removing machine nozzle, a cleaning machine nozzle, a mechanical arm and an electric control system. The mechanical arm is adopted to carry with the cleaning and paint removing machine nozzle, so that the actions are flexible, the flexibility is high, the cleaning and paint removing operation for rail traffic vehicles such as all domestic bullet trains, locomotives and metros can be met, and the application range is wide. The height and the transverse deviation of wheel pairs are detected through sensors, and the coordinate space position compensation of the mechanical arm is automatically performed, so that the intelligence of the cleaning and paint removing process is realized, and the working efficiency is improved. Particles dissoluble in water can be adopted as a paint removing agent, so that the operation is environment-friendly, and the health of operators is facilitated. Dust generated in the cleaning and paint removing operation is removed by a ventilation and dust removing system, so that the environment is protected, and the flying dust pollution cannot occur. A sewage treatment system is adopted without causing the water pollution.