29results about How to "High hiding power" patented technology

The invention discloses a toluidine red pigment for a building coating and a preparation method of the toluidine red pigment, and belongs to the technical field of pigment synthesis, adamantane is introduced into toluidine red, and the adamantane has a stable cage structure, so that the water resistance and acid and alkali resistance of the pigment are improved; in addition, the weather resistance and the thermal stability of the pigment can be improved, so that the durability of the toluidine red pigment for the building coating in an outdoor environment is improved; the cyclodextrin modified resin and the adamantane modified pigment can form a stable host-guest compound through a self-assembly effect, and the dispersity and covering power of the pigment are improved, so that the stability and construction performance of the pigment are improved; good application prospects are realized in the building field.

The invention relates to the technical field of coating preparation, and particularly discloses a multifunctional composite filler modified water-based coating and a preparation method thereof.The water-based coating is prepared from, by weight, 80-100 parts of modified core-shell acrylic acid dispersoid, 5-7 parts of multifunctional composite filler, 0.5-1 part of defoaming agent, 0.5-1 part of wetting agent, 2-5 parts of thickening agent, 1-2 parts of coalescing agent and 25-35 parts of deionized water. The water-based paint provided by the invention is modified by adding a proper amount of multifunctional composite filler, the performance is excellent, the stability is good, the components in the water-based paint have good compatibility by optimizing the preparation process conditions of the water-based paint, and the preparation method is simple to operate and suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a titanium dioxide pigment with low surface hardness, which comprises the following steps: producing a titanium dioxide primary product by adopting a chlorination process, pulping in de-ionized water, preparing into slurry, adding a water-soluble silicate solution as a dispersing agent, curing, and grinding. The slurry is heated, and the whole coating process is carried out at the temperature. The surface of titanium dioxide is coated with a layer of loose magnesium silicate at a certain pH value by adopting water-soluble magnesium salt and silicate, so that the surface hardness of titanium dioxide is reduced while the product has high dry covering and excellent weather resistance on blocking photochemical active points on the surface of titanium dioxide, thereby reducing the abrasion to related products and processing equipment. The titanium dioxide pigment prepared by the method not only has high dry covering power, but also has low surface hardness, and is particularly suitable for being applied to the fields of ink-jet ink and chemical fiber products.

This application discloses a high-coverage calcium carbonate-titanium dioxide composite pigment and its preparation method. The composite pigment includes a calcium carbonate core layer and a titanium dioxide shell layer coating the outer surface of the calcium carbonate core layer. The calcium carbonate core layer is obtained by sequentially acid-activating and modifying a calcium carbonate base layer with a hydrophilic additive. The hydrophilic additive is selected from at least one of polyhydroxy compounds, polyelectrolytes, or small molecule surfactants. The small molecule surfactant contains carboxyl or sulfonic acid groups, and its molecular weight is ≤1000. The calcium carbonate-titanium dioxide composite pigment provided by this application exhibits a strong interfacial bond between calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide, and the titanium dioxide shell layer is not easily detached, resulting in high titanium dioxide utilization and fully leveraging the high hiding power of titanium dioxide to improve the hiding power of the composite pigment. Furthermore, the strong interfacial compatibility between calcium carbonate and titanium dioxide and excellent dispersion stability in aqueous systems improve the applicability of the composite pigment in aqueous systems.

The present application provides a preparation method of pigment-grade large cubic ultrafine precipitated calcium carbonate, which mainly includes five steps of primary aging, primary crystal form control, secondary aging, secondary crystal form control, and homogenization and powder making. Different crystal form control agents are added in the primary crystal form control and secondary crystal form control steps. During the primary crystal nucleus control process, the primary crystal form control agent can be directionally adsorbed on the surface of calcium carbonate to induce the generation of cubic crystal nuclei. During the secondary crystal nucleus control process, the secondary crystal form control agent undergoes a grafting reaction on the surface of the cubic crystal nucleus to further generate cubic calcium carbonate crystals with larger particle sizes. The average particle size range of the calcium carbonate crystals is accurately controlled within 0.5-0.6 μm, thereby improving its hiding power and whiteness, so that it can partially replace titanium dioxide as a high-performance pigment. The method has the advantages of simple operation, high precision in controlling the crystal particle size range, stable crystal performance, and easy promotion and implementation.

The utility model relates to the field of powder coating processing equipment, and particularly discloses a coating pulverizer which comprises a classifier, the classifier comprises an outer classification wheel shell, a fourth pipeline is embedded in the outer classification wheel shell, an induced draft fan is arranged at the end, away from the outer classification wheel shell, of the fourth pipeline, and a silencer connected with the induced draft fan through a pipeline is arranged on one side of the induced draft fan. A fourth pipeline is arranged at the end, away from the induced draft fan, of the silencer, a bag-type dust collector is arranged at the end, away from the silencer, of the fourth pipeline, a second air lock is arranged below the bag-type dust collector, an electrostatic dust collector is arranged at the end, embedded in the bag-type dust collector, of the fourth pipeline, a third pipeline is embedded in the upper portion of the bag-type dust collector, and a dust collection bag is arranged below the third pipeline; according to the coating pulverizer, the temperature of the classifier is reduced during grinding, so that the fineness and the uniformity of the coating can be remarkably improved, pigments and fillers are distributed more uniformly, the covering power and the tinting strength of the coating are improved, the appearance quality of the coating is improved, the durability and the adhesive force of the coating can be enhanced, and the coating effect is improved.

The invention discloses high-whiteness sodium aluminum silicate as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding an aluminum salt solution and water into a reaction kettle until the pH value is 4-6, stirring and heating to 45-65 DEG C; an aluminum salt solution and a sodium silicate solution are added for a reaction, the pH value is 4-6, the temperature is 45-65 DEG C, and the reaction time is 10-30 min; continuously adding the sodium silicate solution until the pH value is adjusted to 8-10; the sodium silicate solution and the aluminum salt solution are continuously added, the pH value is 8-10, the reaction is carried out for 50-70 min, and aging is carried out after flow merging is finished; adding a sulfuric acid solution, adjusting the pH value to 3.5-4.5, adding a masking agent, and stirring; and carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing, pulping and drying on the solution obtained in the previous step to obtain a high-whiteness sodium aluminum silicate product. The high-whiteness sodium aluminum silicate prepared by the method is high in whiteness and good in dispersity, and has the advantages of being simple in production process, low in cost and capable of realizing large-scale production.

The invention relates to the technical field of ink mixers, in particular to a high-temperature-resistant UV ink-jet ink and processing mixing device which comprises a mixing body, a mixing barrel and a swing frame and further comprises a mixing rod body arranged on the swing frame and a separation block arranged on the mixing rod body in a sliding mode. The mounting frame is arranged on the outer side of the mixing rod body in a sleeving manner, and the separation block is arranged in the mounting frame in a sliding manner; according to the high-temperature-resistant UV ink-jet ink and processing and mixing device, when a worker produces ink, by means of the arranged scraping unit, when the swing frame swings, the mounting frame and the separation block can be automatically driven to move on the mixing rod body, ink components adhering to the mixing rod body are effectively scraped, and the working efficiency is improved. By observing the relative displacement between the separation block and the mounting frame during each resetting, the mixing condition of the ink is intuitively reflected, and the defect that an operator depends on experience to judge the mixing degree of the ink is overcome.

The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic chemical industry, and discloses an inorganic chemical composition and a preparation method thereof. The composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of barium sulfate, 10-20 parts of peptide white powder, 15-25 parts of acrylic resin, 1-2 parts of a silane coupling agent, 1-2 parts of a dispersing agent, 2-5 parts of a plasticizer, 1-3 parts of a tackifier, 10-20 parts of a liquid solvent and 5-10 parts of talcum powder. The silane coupling agent is used for surface modification of barium sulfate, and the modified barium sulfate is added, so that the composition coating not only can improve covering power and glossiness through physical characteristics of barium sulfate, but also can be better dispersed with a resin base material due to surface modification of barium sulfate particles, the surface of the coating is more uniform and smooth, and the surface of the coating is uniform and smooth. And the acrylic resin is combined, so that the water resistance of the composition is ensured, the working performance of the composition in a wet environment is ensured, and the applicability is improved.

The present invention belongs to the field of photovoltaic building technology, and more particularly to C09D133 / 00, and more particularly to a highly weather-resistant and highly light-transmitting BIPV colored imitation stone coating, and a preparation method and application thereof. The raw materials for preparing the imitation stone coating include, by mass fraction, 25-60 parts of fluorinated hydroxyl acrylic emulsion, 10-60 parts of deionized water, 5-10 parts of polyols, 1-5 parts of dispersants, 0.1-2 parts of cellulose, 0.1-0.3 parts of pH regulators, 0.1-0.6 parts of defoamers, 2-5 parts of powders, 0.3-0.5 parts of preservatives, 1-5 parts of film-forming aids, 5-10 parts of protective glue solutions, and 0.1-2 parts of structural color pigments. The imitation stone coating has excellent weather resistance, and has a higher light transmittance, and can also cover the color difference of the battery sheet and backplane color and busbar inside the photovoltaic module, and the coating surface shows the same effect as stone, which is more in line with the aesthetic needs of the building and has excellent practical application effects.

Provided is an oil-in-water type emulsion cosmetic composition which has a unique moist feel when used, while having excellent emulsion stability and high covering power. An oil-in-water emulsion cosmetic composition containing the following components (a) to (d): (a) pigment particles having an average particle diameter of 200 to 500 nm and having been surface-hydrophobically treated, (b) a water-soluble alkyl-substituted polysaccharide derivative, (c) polyhydroxystearic acid, and (d) an oil component containing a polar oil, in which the pigment particles are dispersed in the oil component, the content of pigment particles is 8.0 mass% to 15 mass%, and the content of a nonionic surfactant having an HLB value of 10 or more is 1.0 mass% or less.

The utility model discloses a novel impregnated paper laminated veneer multilayer composite wooden floor which comprises a plywood layer. The stable material layer is arranged on the outer side of the plywood layer, the stable material layer comprises a non-woven fabric layer, an anti-explosion fiber layer is arranged in the non-woven fabric layer, and the anti-explosion fiber layer is formed by anti-explosion fibers in a criss-cross mode and used for improving the covering power and stability of non-woven fabric; the utility model has the benefits as follows: the stable material layer is arranged, explosion-proof fibers are mixed in the non-woven fabrics in the stable material layer, and the explosion-proof fibers and the stable material layer are crisscrossed to form one layer; then, the non-woven fabric added with the explosion-proof fibers is bonded to the base material layer through modified melamine glue; the covering power and the stability of the non-woven fabric can be improved, and meanwhile the non-woven fabric is not prone to glue failure and does not crack in the northern floor heating environment.

The invention relates to a method for improving the performance of an aerogel coating by using water-based color paste. The method comprises the four steps of preparing water-based color paste nanoparticles, preparing environment-friendly coloring water-based color paste, preparing composite phase change aerogel slurry and adding the water-based color paste into aerogel. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding water-based color paste nanoparticles and an environment-friendly dispersing agent, adding a microcapsule phase-change material in aerogel preparation, and adding a dispersing agent, bark extract and various auxiliaries in the final mixing process of the water-based color paste nanoparticles and the environment-friendly dispersing agent; the water-based color paste is added into the aerogel, so that a healthier and more environment-friendly coating choice is provided, the color brightness and durability of the paint are optimized, the appearance quality and the service life of electrical products related to the water-based color paste paint can be improved, and the water-based color paste paint has wide market prospects and application requirements.

The invention provides a whitening type composite modifier as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of inorganic material modification. The whitening type composite modifier provided by the invention is prepared from the following preparation raw materials in parts by mass: 55 to 65 parts of titanium dioxide, 2 to 5 parts of a fluorescent whitening agent, 15 to 25 parts of an aluminate coupling agent, 5 to 10 parts of a titanate coupling agent, 10 to 20 parts of stearic acid, 2 to 5 parts of a dispersing agent and 1 to 2 parts of an antioxidant. The whitening type composite modifier can be applied to modification of various inorganic powder, the whiteness of the inorganic powder treated by the whitening type composite modifier is obviously improved, and the dispersity and the stability are obviously improved.

The invention discloses glue-resistant ink as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The glue-resistant ink is prepared from the following raw materials: hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane resin with a linear structure, polyester resin, cyclohexanone, titanium dioxide, talcum powder and mica powder. The invention provides a white ink with super resistance to 8540 glue under a UV irradiation condition. The ink can effectively fill the vacancy of a mobile phone with a white cover plate using the 8540 glue.

The invention relates to the technical field of pigments, and discloses a method for preparing a cobalt green pigment, comprising the following steps: (1) adding a cobalt source, a zinc source, a chromium source and neodymium oxide into water, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed metal solution, then adding polyethylene glycol and ethylene glycol amine, stirring and mixing, and adjusting the pH to alkaline to obtain a mixed solution; (2) transferring the mixed solution obtained in step (1) into a closed reactor, performing a hydrothermal reaction, cooling, filtering, washing the filter residue with water, and freeze-drying to obtain a cobalt green pigment precursor; (3) subjecting the cobalt green pigment precursor obtained in step (2) to ball milling treatment, calcining under a protective atmosphere, and cooling to obtain a cobalt green pigment. The cobalt green pigment obtained by the method of the invention has a small average particle size, good heat resistance, solvent resistance, and weather resistance, good dispersibility and tinting strength, bright and lasting color, good stability, low energy consumption, simple process, and is suitable for industrial production.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of golden pearlescent pigments. The present invention provides a method for preparing a super-interference iron red gold fantasy pearlescent pigment, wherein the substrate slurry is sequentially coated with a first chlorine oxybismuth compound, an iron manganese compound, a silicon oxide, a second chlorine oxybismuth compound and a titanium zinc compound, and the substrate slurry after coating is calcined to obtain a super-interference iron red gold fantasy pearlescent pigment. The present invention adopts a process of alternating multi-layer coating of high and low refractive index materials to obtain a pigment that not only significantly improves the optical interference effect, color saturation, brightness and hiding power, but also perfectly integrates the green phase and red phase in the pigment; by mixing MnCl2 with FeCl3, TiCl4 with ZnCl2 and coating with iron manganese and titanium zinc compounds respectively, the process flow is shortened and the production cost is saved; by using BiCl3 as a raw material for coating with chlorine oxybismuth compounds, the pigment obtains better gloss.

The application discloses a high-adhesion ink composition and a preparation method thereof, which comprises a polyurethane core-shell hybrid resin, a binary chlorovinyl resin, a bio-based mixed solvent, an inorganic mixed pigment composed of titanium white and barium sulfate, and a hybrid resin film layer with a mass fraction of 3-8% on the surface of the inorganic mixed pigment. The application adopts low-VOC bio-based raw materials, the bio-carbon content is greater than or equal to 60%, the ISCC low-carbon certification is met, and the ink is biodegradable. The core-shell hybrid resin and the binary chlorovinyl resin are synergistically film-formed, and the coating pull-off adhesion is good. The titanium white and the barium sulfate are compounded at a ratio of 1:1 and are pre-coated and modified, so that pigment aggregation is avoided, the ink dispersion fineness is less than 8.0 microns, and the cost is effectively controlled. The ink coating-4 cup outflow time is less than 35 seconds. The glass beads with a diameter of 2-3 mm are used for grinding, the process is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, batch production is suitable, and the application can also be used for high-end environmental protection printing of plastic film.

The invention belongs to the field of sand mills, and particularly relates to a sand milling structure for grinding water-based paint raw materials, a using method and a sand mill. The sanding structure for grinding the water-based paint raw materials comprises a grinding cylinder, a grinding rotating disc arranged in the grinding cylinder, a feeding pipe arranged on one side of the grinding cylinder and a discharging pipe arranged on the other side of the grinding cylinder, and the grinding rotating disc is of a rod pin type or turbine type structure; a plurality of jet exciters are arranged in the inner wall of the grinding cylinder, and a one-way water inlet pipe is connected to an excitation cavity of each jet exciter and used for injecting cleaning fluid into the excitation cavity in the cleaning stage. The jet flow exciter is integrated on the inner wall, in direct contact with materials, of the grinding cylinder, so that the same structure has the dual functions of actively enhancing flow field disturbance during grinding and high-pressure directional flushing during cleaning, and integration of grinding efficiency improvement and equipment self-cleaning is achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of toner iron oxide red powder special for cosmetics, which comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a ferrous sulfate solution, and carrying out two times of physical clarification and multiple times of recrystallization of filtrate; s2, adding into a strong alkali solution for reaction to obtain an iron oxide slurry product, controlling the primary particle size of iron oxide to be close to a square narrow and lamellar structure, and controlling the particle size dispersion range; s3, plate-frame filter pressing and washing; s4, extruding the filter cake into strips, dispersing into slurry, and grinding; s5, carrying out composite coating operation on the surfaces of the iron oxide particles; s6, after filter pressing, dispersing a filter cake into precursor slurry, and then performing spray drying and crushing; and S7, carrying out destaticizing treatment. According to the preparation method of the iron oxide red powder, the covering power and durability of the liquid foundation are improved, the dark phenomenon in the using process is remarkably reduced, and the requirement of the cosmetic industry for high-performance toner can be met.

The present invention discloses a silicon dioxide-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of inorganic materials. The present invention constructs and obtains a new silicon dioxide-based composite material, wherein the silicon dioxide-based composite material has a core-shell structure, wherein the core layer is zinc oxide and the shell layer is silicon dioxide polymer; 50 The particle size is less than 20 μm. The silica-based composite material obtained by the present invention has a core-shell structure, can reflect and scatter external light twice, has high hiding power and low transparency, and can be used as a toothpaste abrasive to prepare a white paste, making up for the defect that silica cannot be used alone when preparing white paste in the oral field.

The invention relates to a prussian-blue-coated photonic crystal pigment and a preparation method and application thereof.The prussian-blue-coated photonic crystal pigment comprises photonic crystal pigment particles and a coating layer on the surfaces of the photonic crystal pigment particles, the coating layer comprises prussian blue, the thickness of the coating layer is larger than 10 nm, and the thickness of the coating layer is larger than 10 nm. The reflectivity and covering power of the photonic crystal pigment can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to an inorganic water-based phosphate metal anti-corrosion nano coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of cerium dioxide nanoparticles, 20-25 parts of modified waterborne polyurethane resin, 10-15 parts of phosphate, 1-4 parts of a flash rust inhibitor, 15-20 parts of filler, 1-4 parts of a dispersing agent, 2-4 parts of a defoaming agent, 1-4 parts of a flatting agent, 1-3 parts of a coalescing agent, 1-3 parts of a thickening agent and 25-45 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the coating comprises the following steps: S1, weighing the raw materials according to the components and the parts; s2, sequentially putting the modified waterborne polyurethane resin, the deionized water, the phosphate and the anti-flash-rust agent into a stirring pot, stirring at a low speed for 10 seconds, adding water into the stirring pot, stirring at a low speed for 1-2 minutes, stirring at a high speed for 2 minutes, and standing for 20-30 minutes; s3, adding the defoaming agent, the dispersing agent, the filler and the flatting agent into the stirring pot, adding the cerium dioxide nanoparticles into the stirring pot in a low-speed stirring state, adding the coalescing agent and the thickening agent, and stirring at a high speed for 30 minutes.

The invention discloses a high-performance water-based fluorocarbon coating and a preparation method thereof. According to the baking varnish, the modified fluorocarbon resin, the methylated melamine formaldehyde resin and the blocked isocyanate are subjected to cross-linking curing, and the adhesion promoter and other auxiliaries are added, so that the high-performance water-based fluorocarbon coating with excellent adhesion, high weather resistance, high hardness, wear resistance, boiling water boiling resistance and stain resistance is obtained. The invention further provides a preparation method of the high-performance water-based fluorocarbon coating.

The invention provides a laminated film, a cured product and an electronic component, and particularly relates to the technical field of circuit board protective films. The laminated film comprises a light-transmitting layer and a light-shielding layer which are sequentially laminated, the first glossiness of one surface of the light-transmitting layer away from the shading layer is less than or equal to 15; the light transmittance of the light transmitting layer is 70-90%, and the light transmittance of the light shielding layer is 20-60%. According to the laminated film provided by the invention, the first glossiness is controlled to be less than or equal to 15, and the surface glossiness (namely the second glossiness) after final curing is maintained at a relatively low level, so that an ideal matte appearance is obtained. Meanwhile, the light transmittance of the light-transmitting layer is controlled to be 70-90%, light can reach the bottom in the exposure process, curing of the shading layer is improved, and smaller and more complete windowing patterns are formed; the light transmittance of the light shielding layer is controlled to be 20-60%, the light transmittance is low, but the covering power is high, and enough covering power is provided for a finally formed cured product.

The invention relates to the technical field of coatings, in particular to a water-based coating for a color aluminum plate and a preparation process of the water-based coating. The invention relates to a water-based coating for a color aluminum plate, which is prepared from water-based acrylic emulsion, water-based epoxy resin, water-based isocyanate, an MOF material, rutile titanium dioxide, a cosolvent, a dispersing agent, a neutralizing agent, a defoaming agent, a flatting agent, a base material wetting agent, a thickening agent and water. The preparation process comprises the steps of pigment pre-dispersion, resin mixing, mixing and uniform blending, additive adding, viscosity and pH value adjusting, filtering and packaging. By optimizing the selection of a water-based resin base material and a curing agent, adopting a water-based acrylic emulsion as a main film-forming substance, adopting water-based epoxy resin as a modifier and introducing water-based isocyanate and an MOF material, the coating curing speed is improved, the baking time is shortened, and the required temperature is reduced through the ratio of auxiliaries and a preparation process; energy consumption is reduced, and problems caused by high-temperature baking are avoided, so that the quality and durability of the coating are improved.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly thermosensitive coating for a three-proofing PP (polypropylene) synthetic paper label, which comprises an environment-friendly thermosensitive coating body formed by mixing and spraying a plurality of ingredients, the environment-friendly water-based ink is prepared from the following ingredients in parts by weight: 25 to 35 parts of water-based acrylic resin, 10 to 20 parts of polyurethane resin, 10 to 15 parts of environment-friendly pigment, 15 to 30 parts of environment-friendly filler, 8 to 12 parts of sensitizer, 4 to 8 parts of lubricant, 5 to 10 parts of stabilizer, 3 to 5 parts of dispersing agent, 5 to 10 parts of defoaming agent and 10 to 20 parts of color developing agent. The hindered phenol antioxidant and the ultraviolet light absorber are added into the thermosensitive coating, so that the stability of the coating is improved, the thermosensitive coating is high in ultraviolet absorption capacity and good in stability due to use of the ultraviolet light absorber, the outdoor service life of the coating can be effectively prolonged, discoloration, pulverization and aging are prevented, and the service life of the coating is prolonged. Benzoic acid and salicylic acid are added into the thermosensitive coating to serve as color developing agents, so that the thermosensitive coating is environment-friendly and environment-friendly to use, toxicity is low compared with bisphenol A, and harm to a human body is reduced.

The present application relates to a method for improving the performance of aerogel coatings using water-based color paste, including four steps of water-based color paste nanoparticle preparation, environmentally friendly colored water-based color paste preparation, composite phase change aerogel slurry preparation and water-based color paste addition to aerogel; by adding water-based color paste nanoparticles, environmentally friendly dispersants, adding microcapsule phase change materials in the preparation of aerogel, and adding dispersants, bark extraction and various additives in the mixing process of the last two; the water-based color paste is added to the aerogel, which provides a healthier and more environmentally friendly coating option, optimizes the brightness and durability of the coating color, and can improve the appearance quality and service life of the electric products related to water-based color paste coatings, and has a broad market prospect and application demand.

This invention relates to the field of architectural ceramics technology, disclosing a titanium sphene crystal frit, its preparation method, and its application. The raw materials include kaolin, titanium dioxide, quartz, potassium feldspar, calcite, and wollastonite. By pre-firing the titanium sphene crystal frit using this formula, the titanium sphene crystals are pre-dissolved in the glass phase. During the subsequent glaze firing process at 1200℃, the titanium sphene crystals melt again and precipitate a second time, resulting in an opaque glaze layer. This secondary crystallization enhances the chemical stability of the titanium sphene crystal frit during subsequent glaze firing, leading to a more stable increase in the solar reflectance of the fired glaze. This solves the problem of unstable reflectivity in glazes when directly using titanium sphene powder or combining it with titanium dioxide and titanium frit to directly form titanium sphene crystals during glaze firing.