The invention relates to the field of heat dissipation systems, and particularly relates to a computer water cooling system based on pulsating flow. The computer water cooling system comprises an integrated water cooling tank and a monitoring system, wherein the integrated water cooling tank comprises a liquid storage chamber, a diversion chamber, a refrigeration chamber, a heat dissipation chamber and a DC water pump, which are integrally formed, the refrigeration chamber and the heat dissipation chamber are isolated by a thermal insulation partition board, a hot end face of a semiconductor refrigeration piece faces to the heat dissipation chamber and is attached to heat dissipation fins, a cold end face of the semiconductor refrigeration piece is attached to a cooling fin substrate embedded in the thermal insulation partition board, cooling fins stretching into the refrigeration chamber are arranged on the cooling fin substrate, and a fan is arranged on the heat dissipation fins; and the monitoring system comprises an MCU for controlling the DC water pump and the semiconductor refrigeration piece, and the MCU generates a half sine wave signal to drive the DC water pump to generate the pulsating flow. The DC water pump is driven to generate the pulsating flow in a half sine wave mode, the mode is simple and convenient, the heat dissipation efficiency is high, and the accumulation of impurities in a water flow path is avoided; the integrated structure is convenient to install, is small in water leakage possibility and is high in reliability; and the water leakage and temperature are monitored from multiple aspects, and the system carries out multidirectional protection.