The invention discloses a method for preparing inorganic fibers by compounding of slag and coal gangue. According to the method provided by the invention, firstly, desulfurization gypsum and CaO are used as activators, the coal gangue and fly ash are subjected to chemical/thermal composite excitation treatment, the coal gangue and the fly ash are excited by heat, so that the structure of glass networks of the coal gangue and the fly ash is destroyed, active SiO2 and Al2O3 are dissolved out, the dissolved-out active SiO2 and Al2O3 and CaO are subjected to a solid phase reaction, a new substancewith hydraulic activity is generated, and the activity of a pozzolanic reaction of the material is improved; and then the active material and blast furnace slag are mixed and ground, melt centrifugation drawing is performed, so that the inorganic fibers are prepared, the slag and other raw materials are introduced in the manner of fibers, the fibers can be uniformly distributed into a hardened slurry, and a grid structure can be formed, so that the problem of bleeding of concrete is improved, the compactness of the hardened slurry is improved, and the compressive strength and durability of the concrete are improved.