36results about How to "Loose and breathable" patented technology

The invention discloses a special seedling-raising medium for leaf vegetables, belonging to the technical field of soilless culture. The medium comprises vinegar residue, manioc waste and other organic wastes, as well as vermiculite, grass carbon, plant ash and perlite. The formula of the medium comprises the following components in volume ratio: 25-35 parts of vinegar residue, 5-10 parts of manioc waste, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 15-20 parts of vermiculite, 20-25 parts of grass carbon and 5-10 parts of perlite; and the medium has total nutrient content of 1-3%, free water content of 25-40%, total porosity of 65-85%, volume weight of 0.1-0.8g/m<3>, pH of 5.5-7.5, EC (electrical conductivity) value of 0.5-2.0mS/cm and dry base organic matter content of not less than 25%. The special seedling-raising medium disclosed by the invention mainly takes the vinegar residue, the manioc waste and other organic wastes as raw materials, and high-temperature fermentation treatment is performed for producing the soilless culture medium, so that the wastes are changed into valuables and harmful things are further turned to beneficial things. The special seedling-raising medium has the advantages of low cost, light texture and complete nutrition, is very suitable for raising seedlings of the leaf vegetables, and becomes a good seedling-raising medium for soilless culture of horticultural crops.

The invention discloses a specific seedling substrate for Chinese cabbage, cabbage vegetables, and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The substrate comprises the following components in percentage by volume: 20 to 25 percent of vinegar residues, 10 to 15 percent of manioc waste, 10 to 15 percent of plant ash, 20 to 25 percent of vermiculite, 20 to 25 percent of turf, a little inorganic fertilizer, wherein 0.4 to 0.5kg of ammonium sulfate-nitrate, 0.1 to 0.2kg of potassium chloride, 0.1 to 0.2kg of monoammonium phosphate are added into the substrate. According to the seedling substrate, the vinegar residues, the manioc waste and other organic wastes are mainly used as raw materials and fermented at high temperature to produce soilless culture substrate, so that waste materials are changed into valuable things, and harmful substances are changed into benefits things. The seedling substrate produced by the invention has the advantages of high nutrition content, loosing and breathability, water and fertilizer maintenance and the like, and can be widely applied to seedling of Chinese cabbage, cauliflower, cabbage, broccoli and other cabbage vegetables.

The invention relates to a lavandula angustifolia Mill. cutting propagation method. The invention relates to a cutting propagation method adopting the annual plants of lavandula angustifolia Mill. as mother ears, aiming at the present problems of low setting percentage, long seed germination and raised seedling propagation time, low survival percentage and the like of lavandula angustifolia Mill. The method comprises the steps of cutting medium preparation, cutting selection, rooting agent treatment, cutting, cutting culture conditions, management after cutting, transplanting and land management, wherein the cutting medium is optimized and the cuttings are subjected to single-cup single-plant cutting. The method has the following beneficial effects that the rooting percentage of the cultured cutting seedlings reaches 91%; the root systems are flourishing; and the transplanting survival percentage reaches 100%. Compared with lavandula angustifolia Mill. tissue culture and rapid propagation methods, the method has the advantages of simpleness in operation, small amount of labor, high growth speed, high rooting percentage, high transplanting survival percentage, robust seedlings and the like and has higher popularization and application values and vast development prospect.

The invention discloses a special matrix for watermelon seedling culture and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The matrix comprises an organic mixture, which is prepared through fermenting vinegar residue and cassava residue, vermiculite, peat, plant ash, pearlite and a small amount of inorganic fertilizers, such as ammonium sulfate nitrate, potassium chloride and monoammonium phosphate. The matrix contains the formulation ingredients in percentage by volume: 35-50% of organic mixture, 5-15% of peat, 5-15% of pearlite, 1-25% of vermiculite and 15-25% of plant ash, and further contains the ingredients in concentration: 0-0.6kg/m<3> of ammonium sulfate nitrate, 0-0.3kg/m<3> of potassium chloride and 0-0.3kg/m<3> of monoammonium phosphate. According to the matrix, organic wastes, such as the vinegar residue and the cassava residue, are mainly taken as raw materials and are subjected to high-temperature decomposed fermentation, so as to prepare the soilless culture matrix for seedling culture, so that the waste is changed into the valuable, and harmful substances are changed into favorable substances; the cost is low, the weight is light, and the nutrient is complete, so that the matrix is a good special matrix for the seedling culture in watermelon culture.

The invention belongs to the field of organic matrixes and particularly relates to bacillus subtilis, compound microbial agent, organic matrix and preparation and application thereof. A preservation number of Bacillus subtilis BS-W1 is CCTCC M 2017589. The bacillus subtilis can be prepared into the compound microbial agent to further obtain the organic matrix by preparation through high-temperature composting. Since bacillus subtilis strains have high tolerance capacity under the fermentation condition of 70 DEG C and are capable of secreting various hydrolysis enzymes to efficiently degrade macromolecular organics such as proteins, starch and cellulose in raw materials, and the compost center temperature can be increased to 70 DEG C. The composting fermentation temperature is increased ascompared with that of a conventional composting technique, and accordingly contents of organics and total nutrients are increased remarkably, and pathogenic bacteria, parasite ova, weed seeds and thelike can be effectively killed.

The invention provides a method for using cuttage for seedling raising of colored-leaf plants and belongs to the technical field of seedling raising. The method includes: preparing a seedling raising bed, cutting processing, on-site cuttage, controlling temperature, humidity and light of the cutting after cuttage, replenishing nutrients and sterilizing. By the method, all links in the cuttage are optimized and guaranteed according to corresponding methods, the seedlings grow roots fast and emerge early, and cuttage survival rate of the colored-leaf plants can reach more than 95%. In addition, the method is simple to operate, low in cost and easy to popularize, and guarantee is provided for wide application of colored-leaf plants in urban gardening.

The invention discloses an eggplant seedling growing matrix, and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The matrix comprises 400-550dm<3>/m<3> of coconut chaff, 150-300dm<3>/m<3> of peat, 100-150dm<3>/m<3> of wood chip, 200-300dm<3>/m<3> of vinegar chaff, 50-75dm<3>/m<3> of perlite, 60-75dm<3>/m<3> of vermiculite, 10-20dm<3>/m<3> of a decomposed fermented material, and a small amount of an organic fertilizer, and the organic fertilizer comprises 0.1-0.3kg/m<3> of peptone, 0.1-0.2kg/m<3> of an organic potash fertilizer and 0.1-0.2kg/m<3> of an organic phosphate fertilizer. The matrix adopts the coconut chaff as a main body matrix material, and also comprises the peat, wood chip, vinegar chaff, perlite, vermiculite and the decomposed fermented material according to different proportions, so the acidity-alkalinity of the matrix is effectively balanced, and abundant and sufficient nutrient environment is provided; and the matrix has the advantages of loosening, ventilation, water retention, fertilizer conservation, environmental protection and low cost.

The invention discloses a special matrix for capsicum seedling culture and belongs to the technical field of soilless culture. The matrix comprises an organic mixture, which is prepared through fermenting vinegar residues and cassava residues, vermiculite, peat, plant ash, pearlite and a small amount of inorganic fertilizer, such as ammonium sulfate nitrate, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate and the like. The matrix contains the ingredients, namely the organic mixture, the peat, the pearlite, the vermiculite and the plant ash, in the volume ratio of (8-10): (1-2): (1-2): (2-3): (3-4); the matrix for seedling culture further contains the ingredients in concentration: 0-0.6kg/m<3> of ammonium sulfate nitrate, 0-0.3kg/m<3> of potassium chloride and 0-0.2kg/m<3> of monoammonium phosphate. According to the matrix, organic wastes, such as the vinegar residues and the cassava residues, are mainly taken as raw materials and are subjected to high-temperature decomposed fermentation, so as to prepare the seedling culture matrix for soilless culture, so that the waste is changed into the valuable, and harmful substances are changed into favorable substances; the cost is low, the weight is light, and nutrients are complete, so that the matrix is a good special matrix for the seedling culture of capsicum soilless culture.

The invention relates to a tobacco floating growing substrate and a preparation method thereof. The tobacco floating growing substrate comprises 65-80 percent of rotten peanut chaff, 10-20 percent of expanded perlite and 10-20 percent of vermiculite. The preparation method of the tobacco floating growing substrate comprises the following steps of: removing impurities from peanut shells and crushing the peanut shells to obtain peanut chaff of 3-6mm; adjusting the obtained peanut chaff until the water content is 60-70 percent; adding an HM (high methoxyl pectin) decomposition agent and uniformly mixing the HM decomposition agent with urea for stack retting; maintaining the temperature in the decomposition high-temperature stage to be 55-65DEG C; when the temperature in the stack is risen to over 65DEG C, turning stacks and reducing the temperature in time; when the temperature in the stack is recovered to normal temperature without raising, obtaining the rotten peanut chaff, sterilizing the rotten peanut chaff and uniformly mixing the rotten peanut chaff with the expanded perlite and the vermiculite according to the mixture ratio to form the tobacco floating growing substrate. The tobacco floating growing substrate has the advantages of moderate granularity, looseness and permeability, formed aggregated structure, favorable permeability and water retention property and stable physical and chemical properties; and the activities of tobacco nitrate reductase and saccharase can be improved and the development of a tobacco root system is promoted.

The invention provides a heavy metal activator and application thereof in soil joint restoration. The activator preparation comprises the following steps that (1) straws are crushed and sieved, the crushed straws are added into an alkaline solution, a heating reacting is conducted, filtering is conducted after finishing the heating reaction, the filtration residue is taken and washed with water, washing is repeated until the eluent is neutral, and drying is conducted to obtain the lignin-removed straws; (2) urea is added into the lignin-removed straws, composting fermentation is conducted, rapeseed meal is added after the fermentation is thoroughly decomposed, a functional microbial agent is added, secondary fermentation is conducted after uniform stirring, and then after the second fermentation, the straw bio-organic fertilizer is obtained; and (3) organic acid is added into the straw bio-organic fertilizer, and uniform mixing is conducted to obtain the heavy metal activator. According to the application, through crop-rotation combined planting of soybeans and oilseed rape, the heavy metal is activated by the heavy metal activator, so that heavy metal in the soil can be convertedinto an effective state as much as possible to realize the continuous absorption of heavy metal, the joint restoration efficiency is improved, and the easy-to-implement and efficient combined restoration method is also provided for restoring heavy metal contaminated farmland soil.

The invention provides compost for artificially breeding eupolyphaga and relates to the technical field of eupolyphaga culture. The compost is prepared from, by weight, 150 parts of farmland soil, 30 parts of supermicro bran, 45 parts of bean dregs, 5 parts of dry hericium erinaceus powder, 5 parts of date pit powder, 0.2 part of Chinese yam polysaccharide, 0.5 part of seasoning salt, 0.2 part of curcumin, 2 parts of white gourd powder, 2 parts of flavoring agents, 10 parts of cellulose powder and 15 parts of beer yeast. The used compost for breeding the eupolyphaga is good in porosity and permeability, the eupolyphaga is hatched and bred on the compost during the initial stage, a rest place and rich foodstuff can be provided for the eupolyphaga, growth and reproduction speed of the eupolyphaga is greatly increased, the medicine property is good, the effect is good, and the breeding survival rate is high.

The invention discloses a soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables, belonging to the technical field of soilless culture. The substrate comprises an organic mixture obtained by carrying out fermentation treatment on vinegar residues and cassava residues and also comprises auxiliary materials such as vermiculite and plant ash, and all the components are selected according to the volume ratio in a formula as follows: 55-75% of the organic mixture, 10-20% of the vermiculite and 15-25% of the plant ash. The soilless culture substrate for vegetables is produced from main raw materials, namely organic wastes such as the vinegar residues and the cassava residues through high-temperature composting and fermentation treatment, so that the aims of changing waste materials into things of value and turning a disadvantage into an advantage are achieved. In addition, the soilless culture substrate is low in cost, light in texture and complete in nutrient so as to be a favorable soilless culture substrate for leaf vegetables.

The invention discloses a special substrate for soilless seedling of mustard. The substrate comprises perlite, grass carbon, sawdust, mustard leaf residues and Chinese herbal medicine residues. According to the substrate, the mustard leaf residues which are thoroughly decomposed are used as organic fertilizers to supply nutrients to a seedling process. The substrate also comprises the Chinese herbal medicine residues, and a large number of various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium needed by plant growth development in the Chinese herbal medicine residues supply rich nutrition. According to the loose structure of the medicine residues, the substrate has the advantages of looseness, breathability, moisture preservation and fertility preservation. Compared with a conventional soil seedling substrate of the mustard, the special substrate for the soilless seedling of the mustard has the advantages of small pest and disease damage, low cost, high survival rate, high disease resistance and high yield; meanwhile, wastes are turned into treasures, and the cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for industrial cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii by using Pennisetum alopecuroides. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: fungal strain treatment, fungus bag production, fungus bag inoculation, fungus growth management, and harvesting, wherein culture materials for the fungus bag production comprise the following raw material composition in percentage by mass: 3.2% to 13% of bagasse, 3.2% to 9.8% of Pennisetum alopecuroides, 22.2% of sawdust, 19% to 26% of corncob, 18% of bran, 8.8% of corn meal, 9% of soybean meal, 1.8% of light calcium, 1.2% oflime, wherein the total mass percentage of all the components is 100%. In the method, Pennisetum alopecuroides is partially used to replace the bagasse or corn cob in an existing cultivation matrix,and the produced Pleurotus eryngii has a reasonable ratio of carbon to nitrogen in fungus bags, and sufficient nutrients, and can increase the bioconversion rate of the Pleurotus eryngii. Compared with conventional methods, the method has a yield increased by 15% to 20%. Also, the method reduces the production cost and improves the economic benefits. In combination with the production process, thenutritional quality and flavor of Pleurotus eryngii are effectively improved.

The invention relates to the field of agricultural culture, in particular to a method for artificial culture of eupolyphaga. The method for artificial culture of the eupolyphaga aims to achieve the effects that the growth cycle of the eupolyphaga is short, the yield is high, the death rate is low, and the variety is good. The method for artificial culture of the eupolyphaga comprises the key steps of larva eclosion, adult culture and the like. According to the method for artificial culture of the eupolyphaga, a constant-temperature stereoscopic culture technology is adopted, the eclosion temperature is controlled in a staged manner, and the humidity of nutrient soil is reasonably controlled; and meanwhile, diseases and insect pests are prevented and eliminated in time through scientific management, and therefore the death rate in the culture process can be significantly reduced. The eupolyphaga cultured through the method is excellent in variety, large in size, capable of growing rapidly and stable in appetite; the eupolyphaga is high in adaptability and can be cultured both in the North and the South of China; the eupolyphaga cultured through the method is not prone to being infected with a disease, high in immunity and high in growth speed, reproductive speed and culture survival rate, and the emergence rate reaches 80%; and compared with the yield of a traditional culture method, the yield of qualified adults of the eupolyphaga cultured through the method is increased by about 30%, the weight of every 500 qualified adults reaches 1 kilometer, and the qualified adults are good in glossiness, fat, big and high in oviposition rate.

The invention provides an okra cultivation matrix which is characterized by being prepared from, by weight, 20-30 parts of sunflower stalk, 8-14 parts of ryegrass, 10-15 parts of hemp stalk, 15-20 parts of bean residue, 20-30 parts of sawdust powder, 10-12 parts of algal powder, 2-5 parts of apricot leaf powder, 3-5 parts of crab shell powder, 1-2 parts of rice chaff ash, 50-60 parts of rural soil, 0.5-0.8 part of calcium superphosphate, 3-4 parts of potassium nitrate, 8-14 parts of humic acid, 5-10 parts of perlite and 5-8 parts of organic fertilizer. The sunflower stalk and the rural soil are used as main raw materials, and organic matters like the algal powder and the rice chaff ash are used for modifying, so that the okra cultivation matrix is loose, high in air permeability, lasting in fertility and capable of effectively improving seedling rate and fruiting rate of okra.

The invention provides a transfer method for artificial culture of cockroaches, and relates to the technical field of culture of special species. Padding in a cockroach culture farm is replaced every fifteen days, when the padding in the culture farm is replaced, first of all, the cockroaches in the culture farm are transferred to another culture farm, and the method for transferring the cockroaches is as follows: the two culture farms are connected, a cockroach dispersant is placed in the original culture farm, the cockroaches are enabled to go to the other culture farm actively, and after the cockroaches are transferred, the padding in the original culture farm is then replaced. The according to the transfer method for the artificial culture of the cockroaches, the survival rate of the cockroaches can be improved, and at the time when foodstuff is given by people, the cockroaches can also obtain needed food from the padding so that a part of the cockroaches are prevented from death or slow growth due to uneven feeding.

The invention provides a rice-stubble tobacco transplanting rapid survival-promoting fertilizer and an application method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting. The rice-stubble tobacco transplanting rapid survival-promoting fertilizer is mainly characterized in that a bioorganic fertilizer and ash soil are uniformly mixed according to a certain ratio and are fertilized to obtain the transplanting rapid survival-promoting fertilizer, and the rapid survival-promoting fertilizer is applied to soil in the root zones of tobaccos in a concentrated way. The transplanting rapid survival-promoting fertilizer integrates the advantages of the ash soil and the bioorganic fertilizer, does not carry pathogenic bacteria harmful to the tobaccos, and has the effects of preserving heat, improving water permeability, enriching microbes in the root zones of tobacco seedlings and optimizing the microecological environments of root systems; the transplanting rapid survival-promoting fertilizer is applied to the soil in the root zones of tobacco plants in a concentrated way, and can seal gaps between the tobacco seedlings and large rice soil; through sufficient contact of roots, the soil and the fertilizer, the fertilizer is concentrated in the root zones of the tobacco seedlings and is easier to absorb, so that rapid survival of the tobaccos is better facilitated; the transplanting rapid survival-promoting fertilizer has obvious growth-promoting, yield-increasing and quality-improving effects.

The invention discloses an osmunda japonica spore artificial breeding matrix. The breeding matrix is prepared from turfy soil, river sand, decomposed organic manure, paulownia wood sawdust, serpentine, stone needle, soybean lecithin, lycium barbarum polysaccharide, shrimp shell powder, seaweed gel, inorganic fertilizer, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate, gibberellin and traditional Chinese medicine extracts. The prepared breeding matrix is rich in nutrient, reasonable in matching, loose and breathable in texture and high in water and fertility retention, accords with the growth and development rule of osmunda japonica spores, can remarkably increase the germination rate of the osmunda japonica spores, shortens germination duration, and improves quality of seedlings.