The invention discloses a double-circulation furfural production system, and technology. The technology comprises following steps: 1, corn cob and low concentration acetic acid are subjected to hydrolysis reaction so as to obtain a mixed solution of xylose and acetic acid, wherein the concentration of the low concentration acetic acid is controlled to be 1 to 2%, v / v; 2, acetic acid, sodium chloride, and o-nitroanisole are added into the mixed solution of xylose and acetic acid obtained in step 1, wherein the acetic acid concentration is controlled to be 3 to 6%, v / v, the sodium chloride concentration is controlled to be 5 to 10% by mass, the volume ratio of o-nitroanisole to the mixed solution is controlled to be 1:0.8-1.2, and in the reaction process, the reaction system is stirred continuously; 3, after reaction, the obtained reaction system is allowed to stand for a preset time period for layering, an upper layer water phase is recycled back into the step 1 to provide an acidic environment for corn cob hydrolysis, and a lower layer extracted phase is conveyed into a distillation column for separation of crude furfural and o-nitroanisole; and 4, the o-nitroanisole obtained through separation is recycled back into the step 3.