The invention discloses an unattended transformer station cable trench remote monitoring system. The system comprises a cable trench, a control unit, a monitoring unit, a maintenance unit, a base station and a centralized control center. The control unit is connected with the monitoring unit and the maintenance unit, the monitoring unit comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an infrared light sensor, the infrared light sensor comprises an emission module and a receiving module, the maintenance unit comprises a centrifugal pump, an air pump and a heater, the control unit is connected with the base station through an RS485 communication interface, and the base station is connected with the centralized control center through wired fibers. According to the invention, internal environment information of an unattended transformer station cable trench is monitored, the environment is controlled, the humiture and the accumulated water in the cable trench are strictly controlled within a qualified scope, the service life of a cable is prolonged, data is transmitted to the centralized control center, remote control of the cable trench is realized, and huge safety benefits and economic benefits are brought.