785 results about "Bio electricity" patented technology

An method and method for generating an electrical signal for use in biomedical applications, including two timing-interval generators, each optionally driving a multistep sequencer; analog, digital or hybrid means for combining the resulting timed signals into a complex electrical signal; optional filtering means for blocking direct current, removing selected frequency components from the resulting signal, and / or providing voltage step-up if needed; and conductive means for coupling the resulting signal to a human or animal body, food, beverage or other liquid, cell or tissue culture, or pharmaceutical material, in order to relieve pain, stimulate healing or growth, enhance the production of specific biochemicals, or devitalize selected types of organisms.

A method for measuring a neural response to a stimulus. Measurement circuitry is settled prior to a stimulus, by connecting a sense electrode to the measurement circuitry to allow the measurement circuitry to settle towards a bio-electrically defined steady state. Charge is recovered on stimulus electrodes by short circuiting the stimulus electrodes to each other. An electrical stimulus is then applied from the stimulus electrodes to neural tissue, while keeping the sense electrode disconnected from the measurement circuitry. After the stimulus, a delay is imposed during which the stimulus electrodes are open circuited and the sense electrode is disconnected from the measurement circuitry and from the stimulus electrodes. After the delay, a neural response signal present at the sense electrode is measured by connecting the sense electrode to the measurement circuitry.

Bioelectric implants are provided in three distinct embodiments, namely a bone / tissue anchor, a suture construction, and a plate. The bioelectric implants function in dual capacities as both fixation devices, and as galvanic cells for the production of electrical energy used for therapeutic purposes in tissue regeneration and healing. The bioelectric anchor may take the general form of a screw or pin having a hollow interior or cavity that extends through the body of the anchor. A coating can be applied to the cavity to form the anode portion of the galvanic cell. The outer surface of the anchor serves as a cathode. Bodily fluids and tissue act as an electrolyte to facilitate the chemical reactions necessary for the galvanic cell. For the suture construction, one or more strands of material are the cathode, and one or more strands of peripheral surrounding material act as the anode. Bodily fluids / tissue in contact with the suture act as an electrolyte. The bioelectric plate can be used in combination with the bioelectric anchor to supplement delivery of electrical energy. The plate has anode and cathode portions also making it a source of electrical energy.

The invention discloses an embedded MEMS bioelectrode and a preparation technique thereof, which is applied to rehabilitation therapy of neurogenic disease in clinical medicine. An electrode employs MEMS processing technology to prepare a graphical stimulating electrode, a graphical recording electrode and a graphical outlet terminal with a concave pit structure of an electrode circuit at a substrate. A chemical vapor deposition method is employed to grow multiple layers of impermeable insulting layer; a wet etching method is employed to etch the impermeable insulting layer of the stimulating electrode, the recording electrode and the outlet terminal of the electrode circuit; thereby the metallic film of the electrode and the outlet terminal of the electrode is exposed; an electroplating technique is combined to form a thick film structure of the outlet terminal of the electrode circuit and realize a reliable connection with an external conductor. Materials with good biocompatibility are employed to prepare metal and the insulting layer of the electrode, and all parts outside the stimulating electrode and the recording electrode are encapsulated by biological polyurethane after the electrode circuit is connected with the external conductor, thereby the whole electrode is endowed with good biocompatibility, and is suitable for being implanted into the human body for a long time.

A reagentless, reusable bioelectronic DNA or RNA sequence sensor is disclosed. The sensor includes a DNA probe tagged with a electroactive, redoxable moiety, self-assembled on or near an electrode. This surface-confined DNA probe structure undergoes hybridization-induced conformational change in the presence of the target DNA / RNA sequence which change the electron-transfer distance between the redoxable moiety and the electrode thereby providing a detectable signal change. In a preferred application, the target sequence is associated with an object and its detection is correlated with the authenticity of the object.

A catheter or lead having electrically conductive traces and arbitrarily-shaped external electrical contacts. Each trace may be in electrical connection with one or more external electrical contacts. More specifically, each trace is typically electrically connected to a single contact. The traces and contacts may assist in diagnosis and / or detection of bio-electrical signals emitted by organs, and may transmit such signals to a connector or diagnostic device affixed to the catheter. The external electrical contacts may detect bioelectric energy or may deliver electrical energy to a target site.

The invention discloses a method and device for storing bioelectrical energy by virtue of a capacitive anode. The device comprises an anode chamber, a cathode chamber and an ion exchange membrane, wherein the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are divided by the ion exchange membrane, and the anode of the anode chamber adopts a capacitive electrode; electricity generating bacteria and organic matters are added into the anode chamber to form a MFC (Microbial Fuel Cell) anode chamber. The electrode decorated with a super capacitor material is put in the MFC anode chamber, a built-in capacitance system is formed in the cell, and an electricity storing process of electricity generating bacteria bioelectricity in the anode chamber is realized under the condition of an open circuit. A load circuit is accessed, the device externally discharges, and the discharge of the stored bioelectricity can be realized. Meanwhile, the bioelectricity stored under the condition of the open circuit of the decorated anode is utilized to realize the promotion of the transient output power of an MFC when the circuit accessing the device is connected.

A follower amplifier with power supply biased by a controlled voltage source such that the power supply potentials are, for the frequencies of interest, as close as possible to the potential of the follower output. There is proposed a front-end electronic circuit for biopotential and impedance measurements with outstanding performances (very high input impedance and gain very close to unity). Preferably, the explicit guard electrode and the explicit electronic unit at the belt are no longer necessary; all electronics is embedded in units placed directly at the measurement sites. Moreover, the proposed front-end electronic circuit allows a drastic simplification of the cabling and connectors since all units are connected to only one wire (the theoretical minimum) for potential reference and current return. Preferably, this wire does not even require an electrical isolation and can be easily embedded in the textile of a shirt, in a garment, mesh, belt, etc.

Interface sensing membrane in a bioelectronic device and a method for forming the same, the device including a molecular adhesive layer chemically adsorbed to a surface of a solid state element, a three dimensional microstructured layer of a hydrophilic polymer connected to the molecular adhesive layer in a covalent bond, and a bioelement immobilized in the three dimensional microstructured layer by covalent adhesive, whereby causing a stable biomolecular interaction.

The present invention is in the field of bioelectricity. The present invention provides energy generating systems, methods, and devices that are capable of converting chemical energy stored in sugars into useful electricity.

Motion artifacts less electrode for bio-potential measurements and electrical stimulation is discussed under the present invention. Three different arrangements of the electrode are introduced. Further the electrode embodiments are generalized for reducing motion artifacts of any skin contact senor or an actuator embodiment. In addition a piggy backed daisy chained sensor nodes or actuator nodes cabling system is introduced to minimize the motion artifacts further. A PPG sensor is constructed according to the generalized sensor embodiment and this PPG sensor is used for constructing an ear wearable heart rate monitoring unit. Moreover an ear wearable EEG monitoring system based on piggy backed daisy chained sensor or actuator nodes and caballing arrangement is illustrated.

The invention relates to polypyrrole biological conductive hydrogel, as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps; preparing carboxymethylchitosan hydrogel from carboxymethyl chitosan by using a crosslinking agent under a certain condition, and performing freeze-drying treatment; performing electrochemical synthesis on a pyrrole monomer to obtain polypyrrole, adding a dopant into the polypyrrole to perform modification and performing ball-milling and crushing to enable the particle size to be matched with the pore diameter of pores of the carboxymethylchitosan hydrogel; blending nerve growth factors into water, adding modified polypyrrole particles, stirring and dispersing uniformly, putting the carboxymethylchitosan hydrogel to enable the solution to be completely absorbed, adding water, vibrating, and completely swelling and balancing to obtain the polypyrrole biological conductive hydrogel. When the polypyrrole biological conductive hydrogel is applied to neural restoration, sustained release of neurotrophic factors can be completed, nerve cells can be subjected to certain electrical stimulation through bioelectrical or external electrical stimulation, proliferation and differentiation of the nerve cells are promoted through double effects of electric stimulation and neurotrophic factor induction, and nerve axon growth is guided.

Method and apparatus for guiding ablative therapy of abnormal biological electrical excitation. The excitation from the previous excitatory wave is significant at the beginning of the next excitation. In particular, it is designed for treatment of fast cardiac arrhythmias. Electrical signals are acquired from recording electrodes, and an inverse dipole method is used to identify the site of origin of an arrhythmia. The location of the tip of an ablation catheter is similarly localized from signals acquired from the recording electrodes while electrical pacing energy is delivered to the tip of the catheter close to or in contact with the cardiac tissue. The catheter tip is then guided to the site of origin of the arrhythmia, and ablative radio frequency energy is delivered to its tip to ablate the site.

The invention relates to a bioelectric electrode which is extensively applied to bioelectric recording, measurement and stimulation, including high-density electrode measurement, medical facilities, mobile equipments, family health care, psychological cognition, games, a brain-computer interface, rehabilitation training and the like, and is particularly applicable to electroencephalogram measurement. An electrode tip is a columnar pipe, and the middle part of the electrode tip is provided with an electrolyte circulating hole; one end of the electrode tip is a working end in contact with a living body, and the other end of the electrode tip is an electrolyte entering end; the electrode tip is located on one end plane of an electrode body; the middle part of the electrode body is provided with a cavity used for accommodating an electrolyte and communicating with a middle through hole; the electrode tip is a conductor, and the electrode body is either a conductor or an insulator; the electrode tip is communicated with an external circuit directly through the electrode body. The bioelectric electrode provided by the invention has the main advantages of being simple in structure, low and stable in electrode impedance, low in measurement noise, small in artifact, convenient and comfortable to use, and an electrolyte ion conductor and an electrode tip electronic conductor are simultaneously in contact with the skin, thereby being applicable to the relevant applications of bioelectricity recording, measuring and stimulation.

The invention relates to a bio-electricity signal sensor. The bio-electricity signal sensor comprises an electrode, an electrolyte, a cavity capable of holding the electrolyte, and a porous column, wherein one end of the cavity is a sealed end, and the other end of the cavity is connected with an electrolyte entering end, and another end of the porous column is a working end in contact with a living body; at least a part of electrode is located in the electrolyte, the electrode is a conductor, and the cavity is either a conductor or an insulator. The bio-electricity signal sensor provided by the invention has the main advantages of being simple in structure, reliable to contact, precise to locate, low and stable in electrode-skin impedance, low in noise measurement, low in artifact and convenient and comfortable to use, and is capable of recycling for a long time, thereby being applicable to relevant applications of bioelectricity recording, measuring and stimulation, and particularly applicable to electroencephalogram measurement.

Methods and systems for neurostimulation and / or neurotelemetry of electrically-excitable biological tissue. Embodiments include implanting single or multiple semiconductor diodes and applying a high frequency electrical volume current. Neurostimulation embodiments include local rectification of the volume current by the diode, which can provide a pulsating electrical waveform capable of locally stimulating neural tissue, hi neurotelemetry embodiments, semiconductor diodes can be placed in contact with excitable tissue and a low level electrical carrier wave can be passed through the tissue and implanted diode whereby low level tissue bioelectric events intermodulate with the carrier wave and encode bioelectrical effects. Remote detection and amplitude demodulation of the volume-conducted carrier wave can allow recovery of the bioelectrical waveform and provide a neurotelemetry function, hi other embodiments, implanted diodes are placed in series with a pressure switch or piezoelectric material which enables their function only with the focal application of an acoustic pressure wave. This enables a selectivity amongst multiple diode channels by acoustic wave focusing or alternately by a process of range-gating of a surface applied electrical current to the arrival time of an acoustic wave at a particular device.

A wound care dressing is provided, including a hydrophobic base fabric, a plurality of electrode pairs, a plurality of hydrogel layers, and a waterproof thin film. The hydrophobic base fabric has a first surface and a second surface opposite to each other. The electrode pairs are arranged in an array and disposed on the first surface of the hydrophobic base fabric. The hydrogel layers are not in contact with one other, and each hydrogel layer covers a top surface and side walls of each electrode in the electrode pairs. After the hydrogel layers are in contact with a wound and absorb tissue fluid from the wound, the hydrogel layers form a restrictive electronic cycling channel with the electrode pairs to establish a plurality of bioelectric fields promoting wound healing on a surface of the wound. The waterproof thin film is disposed on the second surface of the hydrophobic base fabric.

A method and an apparatus are described for testing the health status, gender, and body composition of living fish as well as time of death for dead fish. The apparatus consists of two series of needles that are mounted to a measuring device that is capable of simultaneously measuring the distance between the two sets of needles and the impedance of a whole fish. The method includes applying needles to the fish, passing an electrical current between the needles, determining impedance for tissue of the fish between the needles, measuring the distance between the two needles and correlating the determined impedance and needle distance measurement with the health status, gender and body composition of living fish and dead fish and time of death of dead fish.

The invention provides a customizable multi-dimensional high-density flexible brain electrode and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method at least includes the steps that a contact biological electrode is prepared; a micro-needle biological electrode is prepared; the micro-needle biological electrode and the contact biological electrode are combined to form the multi-dimensional composite brain electrode. Non-degradable type flexible thin films in the contact biological electrode serve as an electrode supporting layer and an isolation layer to manufacture a customizable cerebral cortex contact biological electrode with high density and high attachment; degradable flexible thin films in the micro-needle biological electrode serve as a micro-needle and a substrate material, the micro-needle and the substrate material are integrated to be combined into a multi-dimensional composite biological electrode. According to the brain electrode, the sampling space resolution of brain electrical signals is high, the sampling result is precise, damage to living bodies is small, and a great breakthrough can be brought to brain function detection and research.

Described is a low voltage, pulsed electrical stimulation device for controlling expression of, for example, follistatin, a muscle formation promotion protein, by tissues. Epicardial stimulation is especially useful for heart treatment. Follistatin controlled release is also useful for treating other ailments, such as erectile dysfunction, aortic aneurysm, and failing heart valves.

The system and method for predicting and measuring a subject's analgesic state and analgesic adequacy. Biopotential signals are obtained from a subject through electrodes. A processor will compute a measure that is representative of the subject's sedative state and / or muscle activity. A metric representative of such measures is then determined. In the case where a measure is taken of both the subject's sedative state and muscle activity the two measures are combined into an index representative of the subject's analgesic state and analgesic adequacy.

A portable bio-electrical impedance measurement device comprises a master control module, an excitation module, an impedance measurement module, a liquid crystal display module, an electrode disengagement detection module and an electric quantity detection module. The excitation module, the impedance measurement module, the liquid crystal display module, the electrode disengagement detection module and the electric quantity detection module are electrically connected with the master control module. The master control module gives an instruction to enable the excitation module to generate a constant excitation current, and injects the constant excitation current into a target through a pair of excitation electrodes making contact with the target to be measured. Meanwhile, the impedance measurement module collects a voltage signal of the target through a pair of measurement electrodes making contact with the target to be measured. After the voltage signal is processed, the impedance measurement module sends the voltage signal to the master control module to calculate a corresponding impedance value. The portable bio-electrical impedance measurement device is flexible in use, simple in structure, low in power consumption and convenient for a user to carry and use when the user goes out.

The invention discloses a fatigue state monitoring and early warning method comprising the following steps that (1) a fatigue state monitoring and early warning system is preset; (2) the electroencephalographic signals of the tested personnel are acquired in a timing way by a physiological information acquisition module, the physiological information acquisition module acquires the bioelectric signals generated by the brain and transmits the bioelectric signals to a smart chip, and the smart chip filters noise and disturbance of the bioelectric signals and amplifies the useful bioelectric signals after filtering; (3) a wireless communication module transmits the useful bioelectric signals to a monitoring module; (4) the monitoring module analyzes and processes the useful bioelectric signals and judges whether the tested personnel is in the fatigue state; and (5) an early warning unit emits a warning prompt when a master control unit judges that the tested personnel is in the fatigue state. The invention also discloses the fatigue state monitoring and early warning system. According to the fatigue state monitoring and early warning method and system thereof, the anti-interference capability is high, the reliability is high and the judgment speed and accuracy can be enhanced.

An aerosol delivery device is provided that includes at least one housing enclosing a reservoir configured to retain an aerosol precursor composition. The device includes a heating element, and a microprocessor configured to operate in an active mode in which the control body is configured to control the heating element to activate and vaporize components of the aerosol precursor composition. And the device includes a heart rate monitor including a plurality of biopotential electrodes affixed to the housing and configured to obtain biopotential measurements from a user, and including signal conditioning circuitry configured to produce an electrocardiogram signal from the biopotential measurements. The microprocessor is coupled to the signal conditioning circuitry and further configured to control operation of at least one functional element of the aerosol delivery device based on the electrocardiogram signal or a heart rate of the user calculated therefrom.

An apparatus includes an analysis circuit and a controller. The analysis circuit may be configured to automatically make a plurality of segmental bioelectrical resistance and reactance measurements using permutations of a plurality of electrodes selected four at a time. The plurality of electrodes are configured to be attached to predetermined locations on a body of a subject. The controller may be configured to (i) calculate a plurality of segmental body composition values using the plurality of segmental bioelectrical resistance and reactance measurements, a number of predetermined coefficients, and a number of predictive equations, and (ii) generate a report presenting the plurality of segmental body composition values and a total body composition value. The number of predetermined coefficients are stored in a lookup table. Each of the segmental body composition values when added sum to a value essentially equal to respective whole body composition values.

The invention relates to a method and device which achieves skin moisture measurement with the help of bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy, in particular to a method and device for the skin moisture measurement. According to the method and device for the skin moisture measurement, electrical impedance values of the skin on multiple frequency points are measured through electrodes contacted with the skin of the human body, measurement results are converted into a complex impedance spectroscopy curve graph, and the complex impedance spectroscopy curve graph is displayed on a display screen of an instrument. According to the smooth condition of an impedance spectroscopy curve, kernel parameters are given out, and corresponding skin moisture content is calculated according to the kernel parameters. The method can simultaneously provide the electrical impedance spectroscopy curve and the skin moisture content obtained through calculation for users. According to the method and device for the skin moisture measurement, the measurement range of the skin moisture content is made to be expanded to the condition that the skin is quite dry, and given results are more visual and more dependable.

The invention relates to a wearable bio-electricity signal collection device which is extensively applied to bioelectricity recording, measuring and stimulating, especially applicable to non-gel bio-electricity measurement. The collection device is formed by the connection of electrode support components; electrode support component comprises connecting belts and fixed pieces, wherein electrode mounting holes are formed in the middle of the fixed pieces, troughs for fixing the connecting belts are formed in the sides of the fixed pieces, and at least a pair of troughs in two are symmetrically formed in the two sides of each electrode mounting holes; the fixed pieces are fixed on one ends or two ends or middle parts of the connecting belt through the troughs in the fixed pieces, the connecting belts are elastic flat belts, and the fixed pieces are rigid flat blocks. The collection device provided by the invention has the advantages of being reasonable in structure, high in degree of fitness between the electrode support component and the skin, stable in electrode impedance, high in measurement precision, comfortable to wear, detachable in electrode, convenient to adjust the position and amount of electrodes, and the electrode is in well contact with the skin.