33 results about "Boron Hydrides" patented technology

The present invention relates to improved aqueous fuels for hydrogen generators and a method for using them in the production of hydrogen. The present invention also relates to a system of using the subject aqueous fuels to generate hydrogen gas for use in a fuel cell or other device. The subject fuels contain a mixture of boron hydrides, at least one of which is a metal salt, including metal borohydrides, higher boranes and metal higher boron hydrides. The subject aqueous fuels contain a mixture of boron hydrides having a positive ionic charge (⁺IC) to boron ratio of between 0.2 and 0.4 or between 0.6 and 0.99. Preferred fuels contain a mixture of boron hydrides having an (⁺IC) to boron ratio between 0.2 and 0.3 or between 0.7 and 0.8. Mixtures containing a metal borohydride also contain a metal hydroxide to stability it against premature hydrolysis in the aqueous fuel media.

Methods of implanting boron-containing ions using fluorinated boron-containing dopant species that are more readily cleaved than boron trifluoride. A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device including implanting boron-containing ions using fluorinated boron-containing dopant species that are more readily cleaved than boron trifluoride. Also disclosed are a system for supplying a boron hydride precursor, and methods of forming a boron hydride precursor and methods for supplying a boron hydride precursor. In one implementation of the invention, the boron hydride precursors are generated for cluster boron implantation, for manufacturing semiconductor products such as integrated circuitry.

A method for reducing particle contamination during implantation of ions comprises providing an implantation system for implanting ions into a workpiece via an ion beam, wherein one or more components are under selective vacuum and have one or more contaminants in a first state disposed thereon. A gas is introduced to the implantation system, wherein the gas generally reacts with at least a portion of the one or more contaminants, therein transforming the at least a portion of the one or more contaminants into a second state The at least a portion of the one or more contaminants in the second state remain disposed on the one or more components, and wherein the at least a portion of the second state of the one or more contaminants generally does not produce particle contamination on the one or more workpieces.

Supported catalysts are provided to promote hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of boron hydrides. The supported catalyst is a supported metallic mixture comprising a first transition metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tin, cadmium, and iridium, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, and a second metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tin, cadmium, boron, and iridium, in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 25% by weight of the supported catalyst.

The invention discloses a method for preparing boron nitride coated carbon nano tubes/nano wires and boron nitride nano tubes. The method takes metallic boron hydrides and fluorborates as a boron source and ammonium salts as a nitrogen source, and the metallic boron hydrides, fluorborates and ammonium salts are reacted at the temperature of 500 to 600 DEG C for 8 to 18 hours and then naturally cooled and washed and filtered by deionized water until the liltrate is neutralized, and grey black boron nitride coated carbon nano tubes/nano wires are obtained after the reaction products are dried; the obtained boron nitride coated carbon nano tubes/nano wires are heated in air to the temperature of 750 to 800 DEG C for the oxidation treatment, so that the grey boron nitride nano tubes are obtained. The method of the invention has the advantages of simple equipment in use, easy and convenient operation, low reaction temperature, easy treatment of reactants, stable process and high production efficiency, and can be applied to the mass production of boron nitride coated carbon nano tubes/nano wires and boron nitride nano tubes.

Silver alloys containing copper and germanium e.g. about 1 wt % Ge and of very low copper content e.g. about 0.8 wt % Cu can be precipitation hardened to 65 HV or above, whereas alloys of similar copper content and not containing germanium remain soft. In an embodiment, a silver alloy comprises 92.5-97 wt % Ag, 1-4.5 wt % Cu, 0.4-4 wt % Zn, 0.8-1.5 wt % Ge, 0 to 0.2 wt % Si, In or Sn and 0-0.2 wt % Mn, the balance being boron as grain refiner, incidental ingredients and impurities. The said alloy preferably comprises boron as grain refiner added as a boron hydride, e.g. sodium borohydride. A further group of alloys comprises a ternary alloy of silver, copper and germanium containing from more than 93.5 wt % to 95.5 wt % Ag, from 0.5 to 3 wt % Ge and the remainder, apart from incidental ingredients (if any), impurities and grain refiner, copper, the grain refiner being sodium borohydride or another boron hydride. Silicon-containing casting grain that gives rise to bright as-cast products is also disclosed. In a further embodiment, a zinc-containing silver alloy resistant to tarnish under severe conditions e.g. exposure to human sweat or French dressing comprises 1-5 wt % Zn, 0.7-3 wt % Cu, 0.1-3 wt % Ge, 0-0.3 wt % Mn, 0-0.25 wt % Si, B in an amount effective for grain refinement, up to 0.5 wt % incidental ingredients, the balance being Ag in an amount of 92.5-96 wt %, and impurities. A preferred manufacturing method giving an alloy with favourable physical properties involves melting together the ingredients, and incorporating boron by dispersing into molten silver alloy to foirn the whole or a precursor pait of said alloy a compound selecting fiom alkyl boron compounds, boron hydrides, boron halides, boron-containing metal hydrides, boron-containing metal halides and mixtures thereof The alloy is particularly suitable for castings which may be hardened in an oven e.g. at about 300 DEG C. for 30-45 min.

Silver alloys containing copper and germanium e.g. about 1 wt % Ge and of very low copper content e.g. about 0.8 wt % Cu can be precipitation hardened to 65 HV or above, whereas alloys of similar copper content and not containing germanium remain soft. In an embodiment, a silver alloy comprises 92.5-97 wt % Ag, 1-4.5 wt % Cu, 0.4-4 wt % Zn, 0.8-1.5 wt % Ge, 0 to 0.2 wt % Si, In or Sn and 0-0.2 wt % Mn, the balance being boron as grain refiner, incidental ingredients and impurities. The said alloy preferably comprises boron as grain refiner added as a boron hydride, e.g. sodium borohydride. A further group of alloys comprises a ternary alloy of silver, copper and germanium containing from more than 93.5 wt % to 95.5 wt % Ag, from 0.5 to 3 wt % Ge and the remainder, apart from incidental ingredients (if any), impurities and grain refiner, copper, the grain refiner being sodium borohydride or another boron hydride. Silicon-containing casting grain that gives rise to bright as-cast products is also disclosed. In a further embodiment, a zinc-containing silver alloy resistant to tarnish under severe conditions e.g. exposure to human sweat or French dressing comprises 1-5 wt % Zn, 0.7-3 wt % Cu, 0.1-3 wt % Ge, 0-0.3 wt % Mn, 0-0.25 wt % Si, B in an amount effective for grain refinement, up to 0.5 wt % incidental ingredients, the balance being Ag in an amount of 92.5-96 wt %, and impurities. A preferred manufacturing method giving an alloy with favourable physical properties involves melting together the ingredients, and incorporating boron by dispersing into molten silver alloy to foirn the whole or a precursor pait of said alloy a compound selecting fiom alkyl boron compounds, boron hydrides, boron halides, boron-containing metal hydrides, boron-containing metal halides and mixtures thereof The alloy is particularly suitable for castings which may be hardened in an oven e.g. at about 300° C. for 30-45 min.

Supported catalyst methods are provided to promote hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of boron hydrides. The methods use a supported catalyst which is a supported metallic mixture comprising a first transition metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tin, cadmium, and iridium, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight, and a second metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tin, cadmium, boron, and iridium, in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 25% by weight of the supported catalyst.

Supported catalysts and methods are provided to promote hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of boron hydrides. The supported catalysts contain a supported metal comprising at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, ruthenium, zinc, molybdenum, manganese, titanium, tin, cadmium, and iridium, in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 20% by weight of the supported catalyst.

The invention relates to a method of electrolyzing production borohydride. Electrolyser adopts blown film as the barrier film. The mixed liquor of metaborate and alkali is loaded in anode chamber and cathode chamber. Organic amine solution exists in cathode chamber. The material of anode or cathode is the granular material of slaty or fluidized bed. The pressure of anode chamber solution should be higher than that of cathode chamber solution at the time of electrolysis. The pressure difference is above 100Pa, so that it can prevent the BH4- of cathode chamber moving to the anode chamber. The mosaic electrode can largely enhance the surface area of electrode, improve the condition of mass transfer, and enhance the speed of electrochemical reaction. Pulse electrolytic technology is adopted to improve the electrochemical reaction speed and the current efficiency, which realizes metaborate directly regenerating to borohydride. It provides a more inexpensive source of hydrogen material for hydrogen supply system, and it also largely reduces the operating cost.

The invention relates to a synthesis of spiro-ring diene compound with C2 symmetry, and a a series of chirality spiro-ring bis-boron catalysts prepared by virtue of the reaction of the spiro-ring diene compound and boron hydrides. The spiro-ring bis-boron catalysts have high activity and enantioselectivity in the asymmetric hydrogenation reaction of quinoline compounds, and belong to the technicalfield of application. By adopting the synthesis of spiro-ring bis-boron catalyst and the application thereof in hydrogenation reaction, the problems of the traditional quinoline asymmetric hydrogenation reaction method that precious metal catalysts are used and the functional groups are poor in tolerance can be mainly solved, the nonmetal catalytic quinoline asymmetric hydrogenation reaction canbe realized, the reaction substrate range is wide, and the functional group tolerance is high. The synthesis of spiro-ring bis-boron catalyst and the application thereof in hydrogenation reaction areused in the medicine research and chemical production.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a two-dimensional boron hydride nanosheet, and the method comprises the following steps of: placing a boron source in a vacuum reaction furnace, and obtaining the high-yield and super-stable two-dimensional boron hydride nanosheet in a quartz boat in a reducing atmosphere through a strict two-step or three-step sectional heating procedure under the condition of no metal substrate. According to the method, a step-by-step heating mode is adopted, under the condition that no metal substrate or other epitaxial substrates exist, the boron hydride nanosheet is obtained in the mode that the solid boron source is controllably decomposed through a two-step or three-step segmented heating method, and therefore the method for preparing the high-yield andsuper-stable two-dimensional boron hydride nanosheet is provided. The two-dimensional boron hydride nanosheet obtained by the method can be applied to multiple technical fields, including solar cells, energy storage and conversion devices, transistor devices, sensors and memristors.

Systems and methods for hydrogen generation that convert a boron hydride fuel to hydrogen by contacting the fuel with an acidic reagent, i.e., a reagent having a pH less than about 7, in the presence of water, are provided. The fuel may comprise a boron hydride in solid or slurry form, either utilized individually or as a mixture of two of more boron hydrides. The acidic reagent may comprise inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, formic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid, or mixtures thereof, and at least one additive.

The invention discloses a preparation process of duloxetine. The preparation process comprises the following steps: adding thiophene and 2-acetylthiophene into a reactor, heating until the temperature in the reactor is 70-90 DEG C, adding 3-chloropropionylchloride, reacting under the action of chiral acid so as to generate 3-chloro-1-(2-thiophene)-acetone, slowly adding sodium borohydride into 3-chloro-1-(2-thiophene)-acetone so as to obtain 3-chloro-1-(2-thiophene)-propanol, adding a mixed solution into 3-chloro-1-(2-thiophene)-propanol, introducing 1-fluoronaphthalene into a mixture A, cooling to 40-60 DEG C, stirring for 10-20 minutes for layering, adding strong base, washing, and drying by virtue of anhydrous sodium sulfate. The preparation process is simple in operation, high in reaction yield and production safety and suitable for large-scale industrial production, and the purity of the duloxetine can be guaranteed.

A process for fluorination of borohydride salts including providing a reaction medium comprising HF and a superacid. A borohydride salt compound is added to the reaction medium. The borohydride salt is reacted with the with the reaction medium under conditions to form a fluorinated borohydride salt. In addition, reactor vessels may be provided for reacting the HF, superacid additive and borohydride that are fabricated from materials resistant to superacid compositions.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing an optically active cyclic alcohol compound represented by general formula [I]: