The invention discloses a high quality and yield culture technology of
curcuma, which comprises the following steps: land selection and preparation, seed
curcuma preparation,
sowing, field management, harvesting and prevention and cure of
plant diseases and
insect pests. The technology of the invention is characterized in that: the loosening, fertile and sandy loamy soil with deep soil
layers in which
curcuma is not planted within one year is chosen for planting; prior to
sowing, fossas are dug as per the depth of 0.08-0.12m, the suitable time for
sowing is from June 20 to June 30, the planting density is 0.33-0.38m of row spacing, and the number of plants is 4600-6100 per mu; prior to sowing, the parent curcumas without
plant diseases and
insect pests are selected, curcuma is
cut into small sections with 2-3 tubers, 4-6 sections are planted in each fossa, and the hurt and funked curcuma can not be taken as parent curcuma; during sowing, fossias are dug in field, and sowing is carried out according to the planting spacing of 0.33-0.38m. The bottom
fertilizer is applied in the space between the parent curcumas, and covering soil is carried out. The technology can improve the yield of the medicinal materials of the produced curcumas and radix curcume longae by 15%-20%, increase the content of curcuminoids, the content of curcuma dione and the content of
naphtha by 15%-20%, 17%-22% and 15%-18% respectively, and increase the economic benefit by 15%-20%.