The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation study accessory devices, in particular to a vegetative propagation explant culture device for rare plants. The work modes of the vegetative propagation explant culture device are diversified, the cultivation temperature and oxygen content in a containing cavity can be adjusted conveniently, the use limitation of the vegetative propagation explant culture device is reduced, the cultivation effect is good, and high practicality is achieved. All waste culture solution in the containing cavity can be drained conveniently, it can beavoided that part of the waste solution remains to influence the cultivation effect in the containing cavity, and therefore the use reliability of the vegetative propagation explant culture device isimproved. A storage rack is included, the containing cavity is formed in the storage rack, and a taking opening is formed in the top end of the storage rack. An aerating device, an electric heating bar, a refrigerator, a compressor, an evaporator, a condenser and a capillary tube are further included, and a ventilating pipe is arranged at the output end of the aerating device. A bottom plate, a hydraulic device, a first fixed frame, a second fixed frame, a first fixed shaft, a second fixed shaft, a servo motor, two movable plates and a chain are further included, and two fixed plates are arranged in the two fixed tanks respectively.