The invention discloses a method and a device for accurately detecting and correcting parallelism of an ion beam, relates to an ion implantation machine, and belongs to the field of semiconductor integrated circuit device manufacturing. The device for detecting and correcting the parallelism comprises a parallelism correcting magnet, a correcting magnet power supply, a moving Faraday cup, a sampling Faraday cup, a dosage detector, a digital scanning generator, a motor motion controller, and a control computer. The parallelism correcting magnet is arranged at a proper position behind an electrostatic scanning plate, and a magnet exciting coil of the parallelism correcting magnet is connected with the correcting magnet power supply. The output of the sampling Faraday cup is connected with the dosage detector; the output of the digital scanning generator is connected with a scanning amplifier and the scanning amplifier is connected with the electrostatic scanning plate. The output of the motor motion controller is connected with a drive motor of the moving Faraday cup. The moving Faraday cup is driven by the drive motor and is capable of moving along the X horizontal direction in a target chamber. The correcting magnet power supply, the moving Faraday cup, the sampling Faraday cup, the dosage detector, the digital scanning generator, the motor motion controller are connected with the control computer, and are coordinated and controlled by the computer. The method for detecting and correcting the parallelism of the ion beam comprises the following steps of data detection, data processing, parameter adjustment, and the like. Error data of the parallelism of the ion beam is detected by moving the Faraday cup back and forth, and the parallelism of the scanning ion beam reaches an error range by adjusting the setting current of the magnet power supply repeatedly. The method and the device can automatically realize accurate detection and correction of the parallelism.