The invention relates to the technical field of
bioinformatics, in particular to a single-
cell RNA sequencing
cell type
annotation method and
system based on
deep learning. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: integrating scRNA-seq, epigenetic and
proteome data, and mapping the data to a shared feature space through cross-
modal alignment; dynamically adjusting a similarity threshold value to generate a
cell dynamic
relation graph; designing a
hybrid network architecture, and combining a dynamic graph neural network to extract local topological features and capture global
gene interaction with a lightweight Transform; performing self-supervised pre-training by using cross-
modal contrast learning to generate general cell characterization; adaptive target data is transferred and learned through an adapter module, and
fine tuning is supervised in combination with dynamic focus loss; federal learning security aggregation is realized based on
differential privacy and
homomorphic encryption, and model generalization is improved while privacy is protected. According to the method, the scRNA-seq, epigenetic data and
proteome data are integrated, and multi-
modal data complement each other, so that the cell characteristics can be described more accurately, and the
annotation accuracy is remarkably improved.