86 results about "Scattering theory" patented technology

In-line holography to create images of a specimen, such as one or more particles dispersed in a transparent medium. Analyzing these images with results from light scattering theory yields the particles' sizes with nanometer resolution, their refractive indexes to within one part in a thousand, and their three dimensional positions with nanometer resolution. This procedure can rapidly and directly characterize mechanical, optical and chemical properties of the specimen and its medium.

The invention discloses a granularity centering measuring method utilizing a CCD (charge coupled device) or CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) as a photoelectric detector. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adopting a CCD or CMOS as a multielement photoelectric detector, utilizing a power adjustable laser, and lowering the power of the laser before granularity of granules ismeasured, thus a low power laser beam is not saturated when being focused on the CCD or CMOS; and recording the pixel position of the laser spot on the CCD or CMOS, and taking the measured pixel of the spot as a scattering center position during granularity measurement; 2, adjusting the power of the laser to the limit power at which the pixel with a peak signal is not saturated, carrying out measurement, and recording the distribution of lights scattered by the granules; and 3, calculating according to the light scattering theory to obtain granularity distribution of the granules on the basisof the initially determined scattering center position. According to the invention, the defects that the traditional laser granularity instrument is complex in centering and the pixel is easily saturated or damaged when the CCD or CMOS is adopted as the photoelectric detector are solved, a hardware centering device is omitted, no concentric adjusting is required, and the granularity measurement of the granules can be realized.

The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring particulate motion of turbid media by using a dynamic speckle method. The device comprises a laser beam shaping contracting part, a forward scattering speckle field measuring part, a backward scattering speckle field measuring part, and a computer control and processing system. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing the device to record a forward scattering speckle field and a backward scattering speckle field generated by the particulate motion of turbid media and store the fields into the computer; according to the particle light scattering theory, choosing the forward scattering speckle field or backward scattering speckle field data; and analyzing the motion characteristic of the particulate, by utilizing a speckle chart characteristic value. The method is characterized by real time, dynamic and accuracy and can be widely applied to the fields such as medicaments, biology, life science, and the like.

The invention discloses a complete and high-resolution test method for the motion characteristics of particles in turbid media. The method comprises the following steps of: performing continuous, complete and real-time detection on the motion characteristics of the particles in the process of 'solution-colloid-sediment' of the turbid media by combining the resolution relation between the characteristic value of a speckle pattern and particle motion and utilizing a dynamic speckle test light path according to the particle light scattering theory; simultaneously, performing transient study on different critical points of the particle motion in the process by using a femtosecond laser test light path to perform the analysis of high spatial and temporal resolution on transient dynamics of the particles in the turbid media; and combining the two steps to realize the complete test with high spatial and temporal resolution characteristic on motion images of the particles in the process of 'solution-colloid-sediment' of the turbid media finally. The method is a non-contact, high-accuracy and real-time online detection method, has the characteristics that the operation is simple and the application range is wide, and can be widely used in the fields of medical science, pharmacy, chemical production and the like.

A particle detection system uses a reflective optic comprising a curved surface to detect high angle scattered light generated by a particle in a liquid medium, when a laser beam is incident on the particle. When the particles transit the laser beam, light is scattered in all directions and is described by MIE scattering theory for particles about the size of the wavelength of light and larger or Rayleigh Scattering when the particles are smaller than the wavelength of light. By using the reflective optic, the scattered light can be detected over angles that are greater than normally obtainable.

The invention belongs to the technical field of resolving three-dimensional attitude information of an unmanned aerial vehicle and provides a quick three-dimensional attitude information resolving method based on dual polarized light vectors. According to the quick three-dimensional attitude information resolving method, an output characteristic of a polarized light sensor is analyzed, a Rayleighscattering theory is combined, and local time and location information are further combined to calculate out the solar feature point spatial position under a navigation coordination system based on that an output dual polarized light E-vectors are utilized and measured to determine the solar spatial position under a vehicle body coordination system; thus, the purpose of directly resolving a three-dimensional attitude angle in the current moment is achieved, the error transfer phenomenon in an existing resolving method is avoided, and real timeliness and quickness requirements in an unmanned aerial vehicle attitude resolving process are guaranteed. The quick navigation vehicle body three-dimensional attitude resolving method disclosed by the invention can be applied to three-dimensional heading and attitude measurement of polarized light.

The invention discloses a two-dimensional smoke concentration field measuring device based on a sheet light source. The device comprises a smoke generation device, a laser emission device and a photographing and processing device, wherein the smoke generation device comprises a smoke generation box, a disturbance draught fan, a porous rectification layer, a glass smoke cavity and an optical smoke densimeter; the laser emission device comprises a laser device, a sheet light source lens set, a cylindrical lens, a plurality of upright columns and a guide rail A; the photographing and processing system comprises a CCD camera, an upright column, a guide rail B and a computer, the CCD camera receives scattered light of the sheet light source in the lateral vertical direction, intensities of the scattered light in different positions in a two-dimensional plane are obtained through image processing, a relative two-dimensional smoke concentration field is calculated according to a light scattering theory, and finally obtained data can be calibrated through linear average concentration measured by the linear optical smoke densimeter. Interference to a smoke field is small, smoke with uniform concentration distribution can be generated by means of disturbance and rectifying design, and theoretical research is well supported.

The invention discloses a particulate matter concentration monitoring system on the basis of mie scattering theories and a method for applying the particulate matter concentration monitoring system. The particulate matter concentration monitoring system comprises a transmitting end, a receiving end and a single chip microcomputer system. The transmitting end comprises four laser devices with different wavelengths, a laser driving module and a first signal processing circuit module, the laser devices are provided with PD (potential difference) output ends, the light intensity of emergent laser light of the laser devices can be fed by the PD output ends, and accordingly errors due to change of the emergent light intensity can be corrected; beam expansion mirrors are arranged at the fronts of the laser devices; a first signal processing circuit is used for providing modulation signals for the laser devices, acquiring signals of the PD output ends and uploading the signals to the single chip microcomputer system; the receiving end comprises light intensity receiving assemblies and a second signal processing circuit, silicon photovoltaic cells are used as photoelectric conversion components of the light intensity receiving assemblies, and closed light path systems are formed by the light intensity receiving assemblies, condensing mirrors and filters. The particulate matter concentration monitoring system and the method have the advantages of zero contact, wide range, real-time measurement, accuracy, reliability and convenience in use.

The invention discloses a microwave gazing correlated imaging treatment method convenient in extracting of an object contour. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a microwave gazing correlated imaging linear model on the basis of an electromagnetic scattering theory and radar parameters; reconstructing a microwave gazing correlated imaging linear model by virtue of a total variation regularizing method so as to obtain a reconstructed target model of microwave gazing correlated imaging; and setting regularizing parameters and carrying out iterative inversion imaging so as to obtain a microwave gazing correlated inversed image which is stable and is high in definition. The method disclosed by the invention can be used for effectively solving the ill-posed problems of a random radiation field matrix; and the method is conducive to maintaining the edge characteristics of a target, and is especially suitable for an imaging scene which is clear in target outline and keeps a high contrast ratio with the surrounding environment.

The invention relates to an online observation device and method for weather phenomena based on a light attenuation and scattering theory. The online observation device adopts an optical-mechanical structure with double light-source transmitting terminals and a single receiving end, and the optical-mechanical structure is as follows: a light source 1 transmits a precise parallel measuring light band; when falling precipitation particles pass through the measuring light band, the falling precipitation particles play a role of blocking and attenuating the light band; a photoelectric conversion signal is analyzed, so that the falling speed of the precipitation particles and the information of particle sizes can be obtained, the judgment to a precipitation weather phenomenon is realized, and the information such as precipitation intensity and raindrop spectrum can be provided; a light source 2 transmits a collimated measuring light beam; the scattering light intensity in an angle of horizontal 45 degrees of atmospheric particles in a sampling area on the light beam is detected, so that atmospheric visibility is reflected, and the identification of a visible weather phenomenon is realized. The device and the method realize the online automatic observation of a variety of weather phenomena, avoid adverse factors such as subjectivity in manual observation to cause observed results to be more accurate, timely, complete and integrated, have real significances on corresponding sciences such as meteorology, agriculture and environmental protection and engineering researches, and are widely applied to the fields of meteorological service observation, traffic safety scheduling, prevention and reduction of agricultural disasters, air quality monitoring and the like.

A method of determining parameters of a sample by X-ray scattering comprising the steps of exposing the sample to X-rays and measuring scattered X-ray intensity, generating a parameterized model of the sample which is used for numerical simulation of scattered X-ray intensity on the basis of a physical scattering theory, comparing the experimental and simulated X-ray scattering data to generate an error value and modifying the parameters of the model by means of a genetic algorithm involving an amount of individuals each with an equal number N of encoded parameters forming a generation and applying the genetic operators of “selection”, “crossover” and “mutation” used for composing successive generations of evolving individuals, is characterized in that after a given number k of successive generations the genetic operator of “mutation” is no longer applied in evolution of further generations. The inventive method improves the genetic algorithm such that it can approximate the true sample parameters faster and with a higher accuracy.

The invention provides a crystal grain size averaging method based on polycrystalline material extraction by an effective ultrasonic backscatter signal, which belongs to the field of ultrasonic nondestructive characterization. The method comprises the following steps: a water immersion ultrasonic scanning system having a full-waveform storage function and a water immersion ultrasonic focusing probe are employed for collecting an A scanning signal of a reference test block; then a space variance of the A scanning signal is calculated through MATLAB, and an actual measurement experiment curve isobtained; a ultrasonic backscatter theoretical model coupled with a practical detection system; finally, the actual measurement experiment curve and a ultrasonic backscatter theoretical model curve are subjected to fitting, a material space correlation function corresponding to a reference test block is solved by an iterative method is employed, and an average size of the crystal grain can be extracted, a solution scheme is provided for the average crystal grain size of the ultrasonic nondestructive characterization of a polycrystalline material, and the method has good application prospect and popularization value.

The invention discloses a method of obtaining a spectrum distribution of aerosol particles based on an integrating nephelometer. The method comprises measuring a total scattering coefficient of the aerosol at 7-170 DEG and a backscattering coefficient of the aerosol at 90-170 DEG through the integrating nephelometer, obtaining calculated values of the total scattering coefficient and the backscattering coefficient of corresponding angle ranges based on an assumption that the spectrum distribution of aerosol particles is two lognormal distribution superimpositions and a Mie scattering theory, and analyzing relative deviations of the measured values and the calculated values. A spectrum distribution with a minimum relative deviation is the spectrum distribution of the aerosol particles.

The invention discloses a distributed type optical fiber temperature measuring method which comprises the following steps: a, adopting a plurality of pre-measured light intensity ratios of an optical fiber and a plurality of pre-measured temperature data of the optical fiber, carrying out fitting through an orthogonal polynomial regression method, obtaining a fitting curve, establishing an orthogonal polynomial model, b, measuring light intensity data at a measured position of the optical fiber, calculating first temperature through the light intensity data based on the Raman scattering theoretical model, calculating second temperature through the orthogonal polynomial model, and confirming temperature of the measured position based on the first temperature and the second temperature. Compared with a regular optical fiber temperature measuring method, the distributed type optical fiber temperature measuring method can effectively improve accuracy of temperature measuring results.

A particle detection system uses a reflective optic comprising a curved surface to detect high angle scattered light generated by a particle in a liquid medium, when a laser beam is incident on the particle. When the particles transit the laser beam, light is scattered in all directions and is described by MIE scattering theory for particles about the size of the wavelength of light and larger or Rayleigh Scattering when the particles are smaller than the wavelength of light. By using the reflective optic, the scattered light can be detected over angles that are greater than normally obtainable.

The invention discloses a method and a device for monitoring flight speeds of an air vehicle and environmental parameters thereof. The emitted laser of a single-longitudinal mode narrowband laser interacts with the air to generate Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering, a Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering spectral line is measured by using a heterodyne method of a multi-longitudinal mode laser with a wide radiation line width, the atmospheric molecular density and the temperature information of the environment where the air vehicle is located are obtained by combining the gas scattering theory with a model, meanwhile different flight speeds of the air vehicle are measured according to the Doppler effect, and finally, multiple parameters are simultaneously measured accurately. The method and the devicedisclosed by the invention have the advantages of simultaneously and accurately monitoring multiple parameters from ow speed to high speed and from low altitude to high altitude in real time in all weathers, high sensitivity and high temporal-spatial resolution.

The invention provides a method for resolving a sea level stormy wave spectrum by means of full-polarized SAR echo data. The method is based on decomposition of a sea level scattering mechanism of polarized SAR measured data. The method comprises the steps of performing polarization decomposition on the full-polarized SAR echo data; according to a coherent polarization decomposition theory and a sea level scattering theory, by means of a Bragg scattering theory model, separating simple Bragg scattering contribution from the full-polarized SAR echo data; and using the echo component which is concentrated by Bragg scattering into calculation of an image cross spectrum, thereby analyzing a directional spectrum of sea level stormy wave frequency band which corresponds with Bragg scattering except for a stormy wave cut-off frequency. The method for resolving the sea level stormy wave spectrum by means of the full-polarized SAR echo data is characterized by comprising the technical processes of (1), a polarization decomposition method of full-polarized SAR sea level echo data; and (2), a spectrum characteristic analysis method of Bragg scattering contribution.

The invention discloses a SPAMS actual measurement-based non-linear inversion method of optical parameters of uniform spherical particles of aerosol. The non-linear inversion method comprises the following steps: detecting PSL balls with different particle diameters and known optical property parameters by adopting an SPAMS, and obtaining the scattering intensity of the actually-measured PSL balls by averaging; simultaneously, combining geometrical parameters of an ellipsoidal reflector of the SPAMS and a single-particle uniform spherical model according to a Mie scattering theory to obtain the optical scattering theory response of the PSL balls; carrying out the linear combination on the optical scattering theory response and the scattering intensity obtained by the actual measurement so as to obtain a linear relation of actually-measured scattering data and theory scattering data; applying the obtained linear relation in atmospherical single-particle scattering data in the SPAMS actual measurement, so as to obtain corresponding the Mie theory scattering intensity; and carrying out the non-linear inversion fitting on the Mie theory scattering intensity so as to obtain the optical property parameters. The non-linear inversion method disclosed by the invention is high in efficiency and accurate, is applied in the SPAMS, and can be widely applied in the field of the atmospheric environment science.

The invention discloses a GNSS-SAR imaging simulation model based on traditional high-frequency electromagnetic scattering theory with very high applicability. The model is combined with a physical optical method and a four-path method in a traditional composite electromagnetic scattering calculation model, GNSS signals are used as a signal source, and electromagnetic scattering data of an imagingscene are calculated. On the basis of electromagnetic scattering data calculation, imaging simulation is carried out on a sea surface scene by utilizing a backward projection algorithm in a syntheticaperture radar imaging algorithm.

The invention discloses rapid microorganism detection equipment based on Mie scattering and a spatial light modulator. The equipment comprises a laser, an optical system, a detector spherical array frame, a cuvette and photoelectric detectors, wherein laser beam emitted by the laser forms parallel light after being collimated and is converged by the optical system and irradiated to a microorganism sample in the cuvette, a microorganism emits scattered light to the space after irradiated by the laser light, the scattered light is received by photoelectric detectors surrounding the sample pool, a computer performs analysis and calculation on received optoelectronic signals on the basis of the Mie scattering theory, and the form of the current microorganism can be detected in real time. Microorganisms are rapidly detected in real time by the device, the detection speed and accuracy are improved by means of the optical scattering principle, and signals are acquired, processed and analyzed in real time in the acquisition process.

This invention relates to a process method of a graded plastic fiber prebar which is to process polymer core bar with pretty high refractive index to be swelled and infiltrated in monomer solution. According to scatter theory, small molecules will form concentration gradient on the polymer bar radius then turn to refractive index gradient after polymerization. Monomer mixed proportion is to be altered in solution and prepare serial monomer solution to increase refractive index components steadily then the polymer bar will be swelled and infiltrated in monomer solution and solidified after polymerization. After finishing the above steps and polymerization, plastic fiber prebar is to be processed with refractive index similar to parabola distributed along radius.

The invention relates to a sun height resolving method based on underwater refraction and scattering coupling polarization degree. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, designing a compound-eye-imitating multi-directional underwater polarization sensor, defining an included angle of observation directions of the sensor, and acquiring underwater polarization degree and underwater polarization azimuth angle information of the polarization sensor in three observation directions; then determining an incident angle of atmospheric light entering the sensor based on a Rayleigh scatteringtheory and a refraction law, analyzing light propagation direction changes in scattering and refraction processes; determining the atmospheric polarization degree of light incident to each observation direction of the sensor by utilizing a Rayleigh scattering theory and a Fresnel theorem; and finally, calculating the maximum polarization degree according to the polarization degree constraint relationship in the atmosphere, and determining the solar altitude angle. According to the invention, the sun height angle resolving method based on the underwater refraction and scattering coupling polarization degree mode under the horizontal attitude is established, and can be used for navigation and positioning of an underwater carrier.

The invention discloses a method for controlling optical force which a radial isotropic nanowire is subjected to. Researches show that optical force which the radial isotropic nanowire is subjected to meets the Rayleigh's law, but the optical force which the radial isotropic nanowire is subjected to has abnormal behaviors under the conditions of non-Rayleigh disappearance and non-Rayleigh divergence. According to the method, according to the full-wave electromagnetic scattering theory and Maxwell stress tensor integral method, by utilizing changes of incident wave vectors, the optical force which the radial isotropic nanowire is subjected to is controlled. The optical force which the radial isotropic nanowire is subjected to can be enhanced or weakened by adjusting nanowire isotropic parameters. The method for controlling the optical force which the radial isotropic nanowire is subjected to can be used for capturing nano particles, and is favorable for practical application of a radial isotropic nanowire material.

A battery with a high capacity and superior cycle characteristics and an anode active material used for it are provided. An anode contains an anode active material capable of reacting with lithium. The anode active material contains tin, cobalt, and carbon, and further contains at least one from the group consisting of indium, niobium, germanium, titanium, molybdenum, aluminum, phosphorus, and bismuth. Further, in the anode active material, the carbon content is from 9.9 wt % to 29.7 wt %, and the ratio of cobalt to the total of tin and cobalt is from 30 wt % to 70 wt %. Further, coordination number of cobalt as a first neighboring atom around tin obtained by the radial structure function calculated based on one scattering theory of X-ray absorption spectroscopy is 4 or less.