229 results about "Surface conductivity" patented technology

A method to achieve controlled conductivity in microfluidic devices, and a device formed thereby. The method comprises forming a microchannel or a well in an insulating material, and ion implanting at least one region of the insulating material at or adjacent the microchannel or well to increase conductivity of the region.

A subsurface imaging cable includes a plurality of sensor modules, wherein the plurality of the sensor modules are flexible and each of the plurality of the sensor modules is spaced apart on the subsurface imaging cable at a selected distance; and a flexible medium connecting the plurality of the sensor modules, wherein the subsurface imaging cable is flexible and adapted to be wound on a reel. A method for subsurface images includes acquiring direct-current measurements at a plurality of sites in a survey area; acquiring a first set of electric and magnetic measurements from natural electromagnetic fields at the plurality of sites; acquiring a second set of electric and magnetic measurements using controlled electric and magnetic sources at the plurality of sites; and determining a subsurface conductivity distribution from the direct-current measurements and the first set and the second set of electric and magnetic measurements.

The present invention concerns electrode materials capable of redox reactions by electrons and alkaline ions exchange with an electrolyte. The applications are in the field of primary (batteries) or secondary electrochemical generators, super capacitors and light modulating system of the super capacitor type.

The present invention discloses an electroconductive particle comprising (a) a polymer microparticle, and (b) a graphene coating layer grafted on the polymer microparticle, which has improved long-term stability of the conductivity, surface conductivity, durability, and thermal resistance, and is applicable for producing an anisotropic conductive film used for packaging electronic devices.

A method for event monitoring for a wind turbine is described. The method includes measuring a first signal pattern representing a characteristic selected from a characteristic group, the characteristic group consisting of: a mechanical characteristic of a wind turbine, emitted noise of a wind turbine, emitted noise of a part of a wind turbine; power output of a wind turbine, surface conductivity of parts of a wind turbine, operational data of a wind turbine, temperature of parts of a wind turbine, outside temperature, wind velocity, wind direction, and outside air humidity or other weather conditions; measuring at least a second signal pattern representing a different characteristic selected from the characteristic group; analyzing the first and the second signal pattern or a combination of the first and the second analyzed signal pattern with an analyzing method, wherein analyzed data is generated; and evaluating the analyzed data, wherein the evaluation provides a result indicative for an event.

Embodiments of the invention are directed to metal- or metal alloy-coated sheet materials (hereinafter, “metal-coated sheet material”) including, but not limited to, fabrics and veils which have a metal content of between one (1) and fifty (50) grams per square meter (gsm). The metal-coated sheet materials may be used as-is or in conjunction with prepregs, adhesives or surfacing films to provide lightning strike protection (LSP) and / or bulk conductivity, among other benefits, to the resultant composite article. In one embodiment, the metal-coated sheet material is impregnated with a resin. According to embodiments of the invention, a metal is applied to one or two sides of the fabric or veil by a physical vapor deposition coating process. The resultant metal-coated fabric or veil may be used as a carrier in surfacing films to impart surface conductivity; may be used as a carrier in adhesives to form conductive adhesive-bonded joints; may be interleaved (one or more metal-coated veils) between layers of prepreg to impart surface and / or bulk conductivity as well as toughness; or may be used to fabricate composite articles.

The invention relates to fracturing reformation in the field of oil-gas field development, in particular to a method for optimizing fracture conductivity of a tight gas-reservoir fractured horizontal well. The method mainly comprises the following steps of (1) collecting basic parameters of a reservoir, fluid property and a horizontal well shaft; (2) collecting basic parameters of fractures of the fractured horizontal well; (3) evenly dividing each fracture of the fractured horizontal well into line congruence with equal length along the fracture length direction; (4) building a reservoir permeability model for a tight gas-reservoir fractured horizontal well fracture system; (5) building a flowing decompression model of gas in the fractures; (6) building a flowing model of coupled gas in the reservoir permeability and the fractures, and forming a yield calculation model of the tight gas-reservoir fractured horizontal well; (7) optimizing the fracture conductivity of the tight gas reservoir fractured horizontal well. By utilization of the method for optimizing the fracture conductivity of the tight gas-reservoir fractured horizontal well provided by the invention, the shortages of the prior art can be conquered, and the problem of optimizing non-constant fracture conductivity of the fractured horizontal well along the fracture length direction is effectively solved, so that reasonable basis is provided for the optimization design of reservoir reformation, and the reservoir reformation effect is improved.

The present invention is directed to methods for improving the performance of an electrophoretic display by modifying the display cell surface. More specifically, the methods are directed to modification of the microcup surface after the microcups are released from the mold. The microcups which have undergone any of the treatment methods of the invention show significant improvement in their surface properties, such as chemical functionality, surface roughness, surface tension, morphology, surface charge, surface reflectivity, surface conductivity and optical properties, particularly optical density in the visible light region. An electrophoretic display formed from the treated microcups has many advantages. For example, the display shows a higher contrast ratio, lower electro-optic response time, lower driving voltage, longer shelf life, higher imageincreasing bistability and higher threshold voltage. In addition, it exhibits an improved image quality by reducing undesirable scum formation or irreversible particle deposition on the microcup surface.

Low resistivity graphite coated fibers having exfoliated and pulverized graphite platelets coated on an outer surface of electrically insulating fibers are provided. Various methods are also provided for surface coating of the graphite platelets onto the insulating fibers which are provided to increase the glass fiber surface conductivity. The graphite coated glass fibers can be used to produce reinforced composite materials. Reinforced composite materials incorporating the graphite coated fibers can be electrostatically painted without using a conductive primer.

The invention provides an absorption-rate-adjustable bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorber based on a graphene film, and aims to solve the technical problems of high cost and poor practicability in the conventional absorption-rate-adjustable bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorber based on the graphene film. The absorption-rate-adjustable bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorber comprises a conductive layer and a dielectric layer which are laminated one above the other, wherein the conductive layer comprises a metal patch and a graphene film attached to the lower surface of the metal patch; a plurality of cross-shaped gaps of different forms are etched into the metal patch to form M*N patch units; each patch unit consists of m*n patches; the dielectric layer comprises a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate and a third dielectric plate which are laminated from top to bottom; a bottom plate is printed on the lower surface of the third dielectric plate; a direct-current power supply is connected between the graphene film and the second dielectric plate, and is used for adjusting surface conductivity of the graphene film. The absorption-rate-adjustable bandwidth electromagnetic wave absorber has the advantages of low cost and high practicability, and can be applied to occasions requiring an intermittent wave-absorbing feature such as a paraboloid antenna and an aircraft surface.

The present invention relates to an improved sports shaft. The improved shaft is comprised of a synthetic material designed to minimize weight and provide a desirable amount of flex. The shaft may include a unique tapered grip portion that dramatically improves the shaft's flex and feel characteristics. The tapered grip portion is tapered lengthwise and widthwise to create a narrower portion that accommodates a player's hand position. The outer surface of the shaft is coated with a gripable material to improve the overall grip and feel characteristics of the shaft. The gripable material comprises a low coefficient of thermal surface conductivity. In addition, the outer coating creates an aesthetically pleasing appearance in comparison with an uncoated aluminum shaft.

A subsurface imaging cable includes a plurality of sensor modules, wherein the plurality of the sensor modules are flexible and each of the plurality of the sensor modules is spaced apart on the subsurface imaging cable at a selected distance; and a flexible medium connecting the plurality of the sensor modules, wherein the subsurface imaging cable is flexible and adapted to be wound on a reel. A method for subsurface images includes acquiring direct-current measurements at a plurality of sites in a survey area; acquiring a first set of electric and magnetic measurements from natural electromagnetic fields at the plurality of sites; acquiring a second set of electric and magnetic measurements using controlled electric and magnetic sources at the plurality of sites; and determining a subsurface conductivity distribution from the direct-current measurements and the first set and the second set of electric and magnetic measurements.

A virtual, moving accelerating gap is formed along an insulating tube in a dielectric wall accelerator (DWA) by locally controlling the conductivity of the tube. Localized voltage concentration is thus achieved by sequential activation of a variable resistive tube or stalk down the axis of an inductive voltage adder, producing a “virtual” traveling wave along the tube. The tube conductivity can be controlled at a desired location, which can be moved at a desired rate, by light illumination, or by photoconductive switches, or by other means. As a result, an impressed voltage along the tube appears predominantly over a local region, the virtual gap. By making the length of the tube large in comparison to the virtual gap length, the effective gain of the accelerator can be made very large.

The invention discloses a method for predicting a flashover voltage by using a surface conductivity and a leakage current. A surface conductivity of an insulator is measured; by using the surface conductivity of the insulator as an input parameter and combining a form factor parameter of the insulator, a dynamic arc model is established, a leakage current development trend is calculated to obtain a minimum flashover voltage of an insulator string, and the insulation margin and the external insulation level of the insulator are judged on the basis of the minimum flashover voltage. According to the invention, the whole conductivity of the insulator string is measured actually, the leakage current development trend is calculated by using the dynamic arc model, the change rule of the leakage current and the arc length with the time is described by using the arc dynamic model through a mathematical equation and more accords with the actual condition, and the purpose of insulation state judging and pollution flashover pre-warning is realized.

A composite filter media of a nanofiber layer that includes nanofibers formed from non-polar, non-conductive thermoplastic polymers using a solution spinning process to form the nanofibers directly onto a conductive layer is presented, along with the associated methodology for making such media. The conductive layer includes at least about greater than about 5 wt. % conductive fibers, Z-directional conductivity and a uniform surface conductivity of at least about 10−7 microsiemens.

The invention provides a solvent type aeolotropic nano conductive adhesive, which is a uniform mixture of 10 to 1,000 nanometer silver nano particles, a polymer material and a polar solvent. The solvent type aeolotropic nano conductive adhesive has uniform conducting particles; compared with compound particles which only have surface conductivity, the silver nano-particles have overall conductivity and a heavier carrier current. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the solvent type aeolotropic nano conductive adhesive, which comprises the steps of: firstly, preparing high-concentration silver nano dispersion by using a microwave aided method; and secondly, mixing the dispersion and high polymer to prepare the high-performance aeolotropic nano conductive adhesive. The conductive adhesive contains the uniform particles and the preparation method is simple, so the conductive adhesive is particularly suitable for packaging of fine circuits with a diameter of less than 5 micrometers and chips.

A method for event monitoring for a wind turbine is described. The method includes measuring a first signal pattern representing a characteristic selected from a characteristic group, the characteristic group consisting of: a mechanical characteristic of a wind turbine, emitted noise of a wind turbine, emitted noise of a part of a wind turbine; power output of a wind turbine, surface conductivity of parts of a wind turbine, operational data of a wind turbine, temperature of parts of a wind turbine, outside temperature, wind velocity, wind direction, and outside air humidity or other weather conditions; measuring at least a second signal pattern representing a different characteristic selected from the characteristic group; analyzing the first and the second signal pattern or a combination of the first and the second analyzed signal pattern with an analyzing method, wherein analyzed data is generated; and evaluating the analyzed data, wherein the evaluation provides a result indicative for an event.

A coin discriminator measures both the surface and average electrical conductivity of coins in order to distinguish genuine minted coins from fake or bogus coins such as cast coins which may be nominally of the same material as a minted coin. The conductivities are measured using a coil to induce eddy currents within the coin. The high frequency components of the eddy current are monitored to measure the surface conductivity. The low frequency components are measured to monitor the bulk or average conductivity. First and second signals are derived for each coin to provide a measurement set for that coin, the first signal being a measure of the conductivity of the surface skin of the coin, and the second signal being a measure of the conductivity of the body of the coin. The measurement set is then compared in some way with stored sets of reference signals obtained from a batch of minted coins in a calibration procedure, to determine the authenticity of the coin. In general, a distribution of sets of first and second signals obtained during the calibration procedure is stored, and then during subsequent testing of coins the measurement set is compared with the stored distribution, or with a mathematical expression which corresponds to that distribution. In a preferred arrangement the ratio of the first and second signals for the coin under test is compared with a reference ratio for first and second signals for a batch of minted coins. Continuous wave (CW) and pulse induction (PI) arrangements are described for obtaining the first and second signals. For improved characterisation of coins, eddy currents may be induced at a depth below the surface skin of the coin by use of an intermediate frequency of a continuous wave, or by a pulse of intermediate length in the PI method.

Provided is a low-cost transparent conductive film which has high optical transparency and excellent surface conductivity and surface smoothness. A method for manufacturing such transparent conductive film is also provided. The transparent conductive film has, on a transparent base material, a conductive fiber layer which includes at least a transparent resin and a conductive fiber. At least a part of the conductive fiber is exposed from the surface of the transparent conductive film, and the relationship between the surface roughness (Rz) of the transparent conductive film and the average diameter (D) of the conductive fiber satisfies the inequalities of 0<Rz<D.

The invention discloses a broadband absorber based on a double-ring structure of graphene. With metal as a reflective substrate, an insulating dielectric layer and a graphene layer are above the reflective substrate in order. The graphene layer is formed by a periodic monolayer graphene double-ring structure. Since the graphene exhibits strong metallicity in infrared and terahertz bands, a graphene structure is directly used as a resonant structural unit, a strong resonance coupling between graphene nanostructures realizes a single-layer broadband absorber, and the processing process of the structure is greatly simplified. Because of the unique electrical properties of the graphene, a chemical potential and a surface conductivity can be changed by the change of applied bias voltage, and the absorption frequency range of an absorbing structure is regulated. The broadband absorber has the advantages of a simple structure and high absorption efficiency and has important application prospects in the fields of terahertz imaging, sensing, a continuous light source and the like.

Disclosed are an environment-friendly inorganic surface treatment galvanized steel plate and a preparation method and water-based inorganic surface treatment agent of the environment-friendly inorganic surface treatment galvanized steel plate. According to the environment-friendly inorganic surface treatment galvanized steel plate and the preparation method and water-based inorganic surface treatment agent of the environment-friendly inorganic surface treatment galvanized steel plate, progressive die rapid deep-drawing machining in the micro-motor field can be met, and excellent part anti-red-rust performance and surface conductivity are achieved simultaneously. Under an open environment, by coating and curing the water-based inorganic surface treatment agent containing a single organic silane coupling agent containing hydrophobic groups, a system crosslinking agent, water-soluble nano sol, surface modified high-density polyethylene particles, orthosilicate ester modified graphene oxide, a water-soluble fluorinated compound, a water-soluble phosphorous compound, a water-soluble metallic salt compound and the like on the surface of the galvanized steel plate, the obtained inorganicsurface treatment galvanized steel plate has excellent anti-red-rust performance, the surface conductivity, surface lubrication performance and anti-stamping blackening performance, requirements of progressive die rapid deep-drawing machining and bare service can be met, and therefore, the environment-friendly inorganic surface treatment galvanized steel plate and the preparation method and water-based inorganic surface treatment agent of the environment-friendly inorganic surface treatment galvanized steel plate are especially suitable for the field of micromotors.

A method for making a flexible and clear plastics material article of manufacture having a low electric surface resistance, starting from a plastics material having a higher electric surface resistance, in which the electric surface conductivity of the starting article of manufacture is modified by partially including, into at least a portion of the outer surface of the article, carbon nanotubes.With respect to conventional methods, the inventive method allows to modify the starting plastics material electric surface resistance so as to lower it to values smaller than 102 kΩ / sq, even starting from articles having a higher resistance of the order of 1013 kΩ / sq, while preserving the starting clearness and flexibility thereof.

A coin discriminator measures both the surface and average electrical conductivity of coins in order to distinguish genuine minted coins from fake or bogus coins such as cast coins which may be nominally of the same material as a minted coin. The conductivities are measured using a coil to induce eddy currents within the coin. The high frequency components of the eddy current are monitored to measure the surface conductivity. The low frequency components are measured to monitor the bulk or average conductivity.

The invention provides a method for measuring equivalent salt deposit density of a high-voltage insulator. The method comprises the following steps of uniformly dividing the surface of a high-voltage insulator needing to be detected into multiple regions, selecting any measurement point in each one of the multiple regions, eliminating hydrophobicity of the measurement points, spraying a water film on the measurement points without hydrophobicity, measuring local surface conductivity of the measurement points, calculating average local surface conductivity by the local surface conductivity of the measurement points, and calculating equivalent salt deposit density of the high-voltage insulator by the average local surface conductivity. The method realizes measurement of equivalent salt deposit density of a high-voltage insulator having a strong-hydrophobicity surface without destroy on an insulator dirt layer structure. Through the method, a researcher can carry out long-term measurement of the same measurement points. The method is convenient for summarization of a dirt accumulation law, avoids errors caused by other methods in transport and improves measurement accuracy.

The invention relates to the technical field of conductive membranes, particularly to a nano-silver flexible conductive membrane and a preparation method thereof. The nano-silver flexible conductive membrane comprises a PET substrate layer, wherein corona treatment is performed on the surface of the PET substrate layer; a conductive coating layer which is arranged on the surface of the PET substrate layer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-75% of absolute ethyl alcohol, 2-5% of terpilenol, 1-3% of acetyl tributyl citrate, 2-8% of joint cement, 1-5% of polyethylene glycol 400, 2-3% of span 85, 1.5-3% of ethyl cellulose, 3-8% of silver powder of 20-40 nanometers, and 10-18% of silver powder of 150-450 nanometers. The nano-silver flexible conductive membrane, provided by the invention, has the characteristics of stable surface conductivity of the formed film, low resistivity, high light transmittance and strong adhesive force. The preparation process of the nano-silver flexible conductive membrane is simple and mature, coating equipment is simple, the operation is convenient, the cost is low, and the nano-silver flexible conductive membrane facilitates popularization and application.

The invention discloses a composite electrode material, a preparation method and an application thereof, applied to a lithium-sulfur battery, and aims to solve the technical problem of low discharging capacity of the existing lithium-sulfur battery. According to the technical scheme, a positive electrode material of a conventional lithium ion battery is compounded with active material sulfur or lithium sulfide to be used as the positive electrode material of the lithium-sulfur battery. In the electrode material, the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery is uniformly filled with the active material sulfur or lithium sulfide; surface conductivity of lithium sulfide is induced based on changes of the surface microstructure of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery, so that reversibility of a redox reaction of lithium sulfide is improved and battery discharging capacity and cycling stability are improved; and meanwhile, a lithium ion intercalation and deintercalation process occurs under the interaction of the positive electrode material of the lithium ion battery and elemental sulfur, so that the discharging capacity of the lithium-sulfur battery is improved.

The present invention relates to articles and methods for producing non-latex balloons with low surface electrical conductivities and an extended product life. In a preferred embodiment, a multilayer composite film having an exposed metallized layer is coated with an elastomeric sealant layer that increases electrical resistivity of the balloon product to greater than 1.08 Ohms / sq. The invention relates to articles and methods for producing needed bonds and seal strength required to manufacture non latex balloons. The balloons of this invention have an extended product life because they are more resistant to common defects like pin holing and stress cracks than conventional balloon systems.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a fullerene-polyimide conductive film, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding solvents of o-dichlorobenzene and ODA in a container, adding PMDA while stirring, reacting for 3 hours to generate a polyamide acid solution; (2) adding fullerene powder into the above solution, performing ultrasonic processing for 2 hours, keeping the temperature at 25-35 DEG C during the ultrasonic process to obtain a fullerene-polyamide acid solution; (3) spreading the above solution on a glass plate, strickling the film, removing the solvent of o-dichlorobenzene in a common baking oven, putting the film in a vacuum baking oven to realize complete imidization of fullerene-polyamide acid so as to obtain the fullerene-polyimide conductive film. The preparation method of the invention can reduce surface conductivity of polyimide, prevent static electricity, and extend the application scope.