The present invention provides a biochemical incubator, which comprises a thermal insulation box, wherein an electrical control system is positioned on the upper portion of the box, a heat and moisture treatment system is positioned just above an experiment bin, a circulating fan connected with the heat and moisture treatment system is positioned just above the top portion of the experiment bin, a temperature and humidity sensor is arranged on the inner side wall of the experiment bin, the experiment bin is provided with experiment bin separation plates, a circulating ventilation channel is formed between the inner wall of the box and the experiment bin separation plates, and the lower portion of the experiment bin is provided with experiment bin ventilation separation plates. According to the present invention, the biochemical incubator has functions of cooling, heating, dehumidification, humidification, ventilation, and the like, and can achieve precise control on the temperature and the humidity, wherein the cooling, the heating and the dehumidification are achieved through the semiconductor cooler; and with the experiment box, the indoor temperature and the indoor humidity can be controlled to near the set value, and the control precision and the control function have the high requirements.