73results about How to "Efficiently remove" patented technology

The present invention provides a process for forming a porous dielectric film, the process comprising: forming onto at least a portion of a substrate a composite film comprising Si, C, O, H and Si—CH3 groups, wherein the composite film comprises at least one silicon-containing structure-forming material and at least one carbon-containing pore-forming material; and exposing the composite film to an activated chemical species to at least partially modify the carbon-containing pore-forming material, wherein at least 90% of Si—CH3 species in the as deposited film remains in the film after the exposing step as determined by FTIR.

A hollow fiber membrane module comprising a large number of hollow fiber membranes contained in a cylindrical case, wherein one end of each hollow fiber membrane, which is left open, is fixed to the cylindrical case, while the other ends of the hollow fiber membranes are divided into more than one small bundles, with the ends, contained in separate small bundles, being kept together and plugged.

Anhydrous processing to convert methane into oxygenates (such as methanol), liquid fuels, or olefins uses an initiator to create methyl radicals. These radicals combine with sulfur trioxide to form methyl-sulfonate radicals. These radicals attack fresh methane, forming stable methane-sulfonic acid (MSA) while creating new methyl radicals to sustain a chain reaction. This system avoids the use or creation of water, and liquid MSA is an amphoteric solvent that increases the solubility and reactivity of methane and SO3. MSA from this process can be sold or used as a valuable chemical with no mercaptan or halogen impurities, or it can be processed to convert it into methanol, dimethyl ether, or other fuels or liquid products. The sulfur that is removed from the MSA (usually in the form of SO2) can be oxidized to SO3 and recycled back into the MSA-forming reactor, enabling the complete system to operate with very little waste production.

A system, apparatus and method for maximizing efficiency of tissue removal from body passageways is provided. The system comprises a device for opening an occluded lesion, e.g., a rotational atherectomy device or angioplasty device, and a guide wire having an introducer sheath. The guide wire introducer sheath may comprise a hypo tube having columnar strength greater than that of the guide wire alone to assist the guide wire in crossing occluded lesions, wherein the sheath and guide wire are axially moveable relative to each other. The guide wire sheath may further comprise increased flexibility at its distal end to increase flexibility and / or a soft distal tip to help with steerability through the vasculature. The sheath may allow for a smaller outer diameter guide wire which, in turn, may allow for a smaller outer diameter on the occlusion-opening device, e.g., atherectomy or angioplasty device, which is slid over the pre-positioned guide wire.

A method and apparatus provides information for use in still image and video image processing, the information including scene and camera information and information obtained by sampling pixels or pixel regions during image formation. The information is referred to as meta-data. The meta-data regarding the camera and the scene is obtained by obtaining camera and sensor array parameters, generally prior to image acquisition. The meta-data obtained during the image formation obtained by sampling the pixels or pixel regions may include one or more masks marking regions of the image. The masks may identify blur in the image, under and / or overexposure in the image, and events occurring over the course of the image. Blur is detected by a sensing a change in pixel or pixel regions signal build up rate during the image acquisition. Under or over exposure is determined by pixels being below or above, respectively low and high thresholds. An event time mask is generated by sensing a sampling time during the image acquisition at which an event is sensed. Data on these masks is output with the image data for use in post image acquisition processing.

The present invention is directed to a Tobacco Free Hookah Smoking System that will have a head (bowl) at the upper end of a tubular stem that extends into the jar or Shisha containing water. One or more additional tubular members extend out of the Shisha making up the inhaling tube and the check valve. The spheres will be made from porous materials such as Hydroton® synthetic clay, or Growstones® glass (or a like substance) other stone materials, cobblestone, and other natural and synthetic porous materials. The spheres will be made by soaking in a solution of sweetener, glycerin and various flavorings along with the added option of herbal extracts / oils, vitamins, and other medical / health compounds. Ready Pack Smoke Cups containing the spheres will be available. An alternate embodiment will have the Cup Holder that can be filled with recycled porous spheres or porous spheres that have been purchased in bulk.

A hole saw having efficient slug removal includes a saw cup, a shank portion, a spade bit, a compression spring and a contact disc. A plurality of cutting teeth are formed on an open end of the saw cup and the shank portion is attached to the other end of the saw cup with any suitable fastening process. The spade bit includes a cutting bit and a shank. A shank opening is formed through the shank portion to receive the shank of the spade bit. Preferably, a set screw or the like is used to retain the spade bit in the shank opening. The shank of the spade bit is inserted through the contact disc and then the compression spring, before insertion into the shank opening. A hole slug is ejected from the saw cup, when the hole saw is removed from a hole.

A method of operating a membrane filtration module (5), the module (5) including one or more membranes (7) extending longitudinally between vertically spaced upper and lower headers (8, 9) into which the ends of the membranes (7) are potted. The membranes (7) have a permeable wall which is subjected to a filtration operation wherein feed containing contaminant matter is applied to one side of the membrane wall and filtrate is withdrawn from the other side of the membrane wall. At least one of the upper and / or lower headers (8, 9) has one or more openings (10) therein and the method including flowing the feed, at least in part, through the one or more openings (10) for application to the membrane wall. Apparatus for performing the method is also disclosed.

A polymerizate slurry obtained through a reaction of an alkali sulfide source and an aromatic dihalide compound in an organic polar solvent and comprising polyarylene sulfide particles, a by-produced alkali metal salt and the polar organic solvent, is continuously contacted countercurrently with a washing liquid, thereby continuously and efficiently recovering washed polyarylene sulfide particles. Furthermore, the by-produced alkali metal salt is removed, and the polar organic solvent is recovered, efficiently.

A cooling technique involves: reducing a pressure of a cooling fluid to a subambient pressure at which the cooling fluid has a boiling temperature less than a temperature of a heat-generating structure; bringing the cooling fluid at the subambient pressure into thermal communication with the heat-generating structure, so that the coolant absorbs heat, boils and vaporizes; thereafter removing heat from the coolant so as to condense substantially all of the coolant to a liquid; and thereafter extracting a selected portion of the cooling fluid that has been cooled, the selected portion being a vapor that includes a non-condensable gas.

A fuel cell includes a fuel cell main unit (110) in which organic liquid fuel is supplied to a fuel electrode (102) as fuel, and a vibration generating unit (314, 324) which generates vibration to vibrate the fuel electrode (102) such that carbon dioxide generated at the fuel electrode is removed. The fuel cell may includes a control unit (463) which controls an operation of the vibration generating unit (314, 324) based on an output of the fuel cell main unit (110).

A hole saw having efficient slug removal preferably includes a saw cup, a shank portion and a pilot cutting device. A cutting surface is formed on an open end of the saw cup. The inside surface, outside surface and cutting surface of the saw cup are given a low friction treatment. A fluoropolymer resin coating is used for the low friction treatment. The friction treatment is applied by spraying thereof on the saw cup. The saw cup is then heated to a predetermined temperature for a set period of time. The low friction treatment is cured when the saw cup is used. The shank portion is attached to a closed end of the saw cup with any suitable fastening process. The shank portion preferably retains the pilot cutting device.

An apparatus for treating an edge of a semiconductor substrate includes an etchant supply nozzle for supplying a first etchant to the edge of the semiconductor substrate. The apparatus further includes a shielding cover for preventing an etchant from flowing to a shielding surface of the semiconductor substrate. The shielding cover is movable in an upward and downward direction. The apparatus also includes a device for cleaning the edge of the semiconductor substrate. According to the apparatus, after a wafer edge is etched, foreign substances remaining at the wafer edge is efficiently removed.

An echo canceller can efficiently remove the offset component from a voice call that can use an audio signal of a communication band wider than the conventional band and can provide a stable call with high communication quality. The echo canceller of the present invention removes an echo component by using an adoptive algorithm, and includes: a pseudo-echo forming means including a pseudo-echo generation section for generating a pseudo-echo signal in accordance with a tap coefficient and a far-end input signal, and a coefficient update section for updating the tap coefficient; a sending filter means for removing a low-frequency component included in a near-end input signal component; a pseudo-echo filter means for removing a low-frequency component included in the pseudo-echo signal from the pseudo-echo forming means; and an echo cancellation means for removing an echo component included in the near-end input signal component passing through the sending filter means, and an echo component in accordance with a pseudo-echo signal passing the pseudo-echo filter means.

A biofilter media including grains having a hydrophilic nucleus and a hydrophobic coating, the hydrophobic coating includes microorganisms and also includes a metallic agent that both assist in the efficient breakdown of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), other sulfur based compounds, such as reduced sulphur compounds, and both chlorinated and non-chlorinated volatile organic compounds. The metallic agent also increases efficiency during start-up of the biofilter media and in shock-loading conditions. The biofilter media is housed in a biofilter system that includes elements for the irrigation and humidification of the air stream of the biofilter media by steam or spray to ensure that the biofilter media is operating at appropriate temperature and moisture levels to avoid buildup of biomass or chemical deposits.

Embodiments of the invention relate generally to methods to generate microorganisms and / or microorganism cultures that exhibit the ability to produce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from carbon sources at high efficiencies. In several embodiments, preferential expression of, or preferential growth of microorganisms utilizing certain metabolic pathways, enables the high efficiency PHA production from carbon-containing gases or materials. Several embodiments relate to the microorganism cultures, and / or microorganisms isolated therefrom.

A combination of Peltier and Seebeck effect provides effective way to convert thermal energy to cooling. The common electrodes are electrically in contact with both devices cells, the cell generating electricity and the cell converting electricity to cooling. Additional factors providing for superior performance are the diced Peltier elements, and possibility of utilizing different material thermoelectric elements to generate electricity. Relatively low operating temperature of Bismuth Telluride may be increased by selecting materials such as CuAgSe, Si—Ge, BiSbTe and other. These materials may operate at temperatures of 1,000° C. or higher. That may prove advantageous in automobile application where the temperature of exhaust pipe gases is high.

The invention discloses KASP marker primers for detecting simultaneous SNP mutations in Ser627Asn and Val643Met of rice ALS genes. In terms of the simultaneously generated SNP mutations in the Ser627Asn and the Val643Met of the rice ALS genes, when the phenotype of the double mutant ALS genes is labeled, the sequence of the double mutant ALS genes is a new unreported gene sequence which can primarily determine the labeled material, and then accurately determine the labeled rice material throughdouble KASP markers in the genes so as to carry out quick, highly accurate and high-throughput identification of anti-acetyl lactate synthase inhibitor herbicides of the rice. When the KASP marker primers are used for molecular marker-assisted breeding of hybrid rice varieties with herbicide resistance, the results of two pairs of KASP markers are validated mutually in order to effectively remove sterile line seedlings obtained via 'Tako' selfing by spraying herbicides.

A method of cultivating cells in a bag is disclosed, which comprises the steps of:a) providing a sterile flexible bag comprising a filter material which is attached to a wall of the culture bag, wherein the filter material delimits a chamber inside the bag and wherein the chamber is fluidically connected to a first port in a wall of the bag,b) providing agitation means for the bag,c) introducing cell culture medium, microcarriers and cells to the bag,d) cultivating cells in the bag with agitation provided by the agitation means, allowing formation of a suspension of microcarriers with immobilized cells and supplying at least one gas via a second port (not shown) in a wall of the bag,e) removing cell debris and / or free cells together with liquid from said suspension of microcarriers through the filter material and the first port.

A new regeneration method has been developed which can effectively and efficiently remove sulfur from Ni-based steam reforming catalysts. In its simplest form the present invention comprises the steps of oxidizing a catalyst with a dilute O2 stream; decomposing the nickel sulfate under inert gas stream and removing sub-surface sulfur under steam reforming conditions. In some embodiments these steps can all be accomplished and the regenerated catalyst be reintroduced to a steam reforming operation in a matter of eight hours or less.

A utensil for scooping, scraping, measuring, pouring and serving includes a main body having a generally flat bottom and side walls extending up from the bottom to a top edge in surrounding relation to an interior reservoir. The top edge is preferably tapered in thickness to provide a scraping blade which generally conforms to and seals against the surface of a bowl, dish, pan or the like to thoroughly scrape and remove a substance therefrom. A pour spout formed with a non-drip lip extends from one of the side walls, along the top edge, and allows the scooped substance to be easily poured into a storage container without spilling the substance. A handle extends from the main body and, in a preferred embodiment, is offset towards the pour spout side to reduce the likelihood of contact of the user's fingers with the substance when the top edge opposite of the spout is used to scrape and scoop the substance. The device may be made to include a range of sizes, according to units of measure, with smaller utensils nesting within larger ones in a stacked array for storage purposes.

An image forming apparatus includes: a latent image carrier on which an electrostatic latent image is formed; a developing section which develops the electrostatic latent image using a liquid developer, forming an image on the latent image carrier; a transfer medium to which the image on the latent image carrier is transferred; a first transfer member which transfers the image on the latent image carrier to the transfer medium; a second transfer member which transfers the image on the transfer medium to a recording material; a latent image carrier cleaning roller which, as well as making contact with the latent image carrier, forming a nip having a first nip width in a moving direction of the latent image carrier, has a latent image carrier cleaning bias applied thereto, cleaning the latent image carrier, the image of the latent image carrier on which has been transferred to the transfer medium; and a transfer medium cleaning roller which, as well as having a transfer medium cleaning bias applied thereto, cleaning the transfer medium, the image of the transfer medium on which has been transferred to the recording material, makes contact with the transfer medium, forming a second nip width, which is larger than the first nip width, in a moving direction of the transfer medium.

A treatment system to efficiently remove lead from dust contained in extracted cement kiln combustion gas while reducing facility and running costs. A treatment system 1 comprising: a probe 3 for extracting a part of combustion gas, while cooling it, from a kiln exhaust gas passage, which runs from an inlet end of a cement kiln to a bottom cyclone; a classifier 5 for separating coarse powder from dust contained in the combustion gas extracted by the probe 3; a wet dust collector 6 for collecting dust from the extracted gas containing fine powder discharged from the classifier 5; and devices 12, 13 for feeding sulfurizing agent for sulfurizing lead contained in the kiln exhaust gas to the wet dust collector 6, and others. From the sulfurizing-agent feeders 12, 13 are preferably added the sulfurizing agents to a circulation liquid tank 7 or a pump 9 for circulating slurry. The slurry obtained by the wet dust collector 6 is separated into froth including lead and tail side slurry including gypsum by a flotation facility 14, 17, 18.

In an image forming method including a charging step, an exposure step, a development step using a developing roll, a transfer step, a fixing step and a cleaning step of removing a toner remaining on the surface of a photosensitive member after the transfer step, the developing roll has a surface brightness of 30 to 220 and a surface roughness Rz of 1 to 20 μm, the cleaning blade is a cleaning blade made of a polyurethane elastomer and having a peak value of at most 0.95, a peak temperature of −15 to 10° C. and a width at half maximum of at least 25° C. in viscoelasticity tan δ, the toner has a volume average particle diameter of 4 to 10 μm and an average circularity from 0.950 to 0.995, the charge level of the toner on the surface of the photosensitive member is 10 to 80 μC / g in terms of an absolute value, and the pH of a water extract of the toner is 3 to 8.

In a replacement gate approach, the exposure of the placeholder material of the gate electrode structures may be accomplished on the basis of an etch process, thereby avoiding the introduction of process-related non-uniformities, which are typically associated with a complex polishing process for exposing the top surface of the placeholder material. In some illustrative embodiments, the placeholder material may be exposed by an etch process based on a sacrificial mask material.

A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device forms an interlayer insulating film on a nickel silicide layer formed on a substrate, and forms a through hole by performing dry etching using a resist pattern, formed on the interlayer insulating film, as a mask and then removing the resist pattern by ashing. A wafer after an ashing process is cleaned using a cleaning solution comprised of aqueous solution having a content of the fluorine-containing compound of 1.0 to 5.0 mass %, a content of chelating agent of 0.2 to 5.0 mass %, and a content of the organic acid salt of 0.1 to 3.0 mass %.

In a lead-free solder comprising an alloy composition composed mainly of tin, the alloy composition further contains 0.002 to 0.015% by mass of phosphorus. This lead-free solder can be used as a plating in a connection lead comprising: a copper strip or other strip conductor; and the plating provided on at least one side of the strip constructor, the plating having a shape such that the plating in the widthwise direction of the strip conductor has a bulge as viewed in section with the apex being located at a proper position in the widthwise direction of the strip conductor. By virtue of this constitution, the lead-free solder on its surface is less likely to be oxidized, and the connection lead has excellent bond strength owing to the property of the lead-free solder and, in addition, has the function of breaking the formed oxide layer and the function of removing included gas bubbles and can eliminate the need to form the plating in very large thickness. Further, the lead-free solder can be used as a connection element in an electrical component that is less likely to cause oxidation of the connection element on its surface and, thus, can have a strong connection structure by the connection element.

The present invention relates to a method for reducing a β-amyloid concentration in blood. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for reducing a β-amyloid concentration in blood, comprising the steps of; removing blood out of a body, passing the blood that is removed through a hollow fiber membrane, and returning the blood that is passed through into the body, wherein the blood containing a β-amyloid-albumin complex is passed through the hollow fiber membrane to allow β-amyloid to adsorb to the hollow fiber membrane so that the β-amyloid concentration in blood is reduced.

Cryogenic fluids are used to remove contaminants such as hard scale deposits from heating and / or heat transfer equipment. The fluid may be cryogenically cooled to achieve a liquid phase and / or a mixture of liquid and gas phases. The fluid may also be pressurized. The mixture does not include a solid phase. A particle injection port is not required. The cryogenic fluid contacting the surface of a scale or other contaminant that has built-up during service of heating or heat exchanging equipment causes a near instantaneous contraction at the scale surface. Cracks form at the scale surface contacted by the cryogenic fluid. These cracks extend through the scale thickness to the underlying material of the equipment of the heating and / or heat exchanging component. The fractured surface scale separates by spalling or de-cohesion from the underlying equipment structure and is moved off the surface by the action of the exiting cryogenic fluid.