The invention provides a mechanical arm trajectory tracking control method fusing
model prediction and
sliding mode control. The mechanical arm trajectory tracking control method comprises the steps that a discrete sliding mode controller is constructed, and a discrete sliding mode surface based on trajectory tracking errors is designed; calculating a
sliding mode control law; constructing a dynamics prediction model based on an
echo state network, and performing
online learning and updating by taking historical state data and a
sliding mode control law of the mechanical arm as input so as to predict a state track of the mechanical arm in a future
time domain; constructing a
model prediction controller embedded with sliding
mode control, and introducing a prediction state and a sliding
mode control law into an optimization objective function of the
model prediction controller; and under the model prediction controller, an
optimization problem is converted into a quadratic
programming problem to be solved, a smooth optimization control quantity meeting physical constraints is obtained, and the control quantity acts on the mechanical arm
system. The high-frequency buffeting problem of sliding
mode control is effectively solved, and meanwhile high-precision trajectory tracking of the mechanical arm under strong nonlinear interference is guaranteed.