The invention discloses an ionosphere TEC real-time measurement method based on a GNSS receiver, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, extracting the real-time measurement data of the GNSS receiver, 2, calculating the ionosphere TEC based on pseudo-range observation, 3, calculating the ionosphere TEC based on a carrier phase, 4, calculating the ionosphere TEC based on carrier phase leveling, 5, constructing an ionosphere TEC observation equation, and 6, carrying out Kalman filtering real-time estimation; and 7, extracting and outputting real-time TEC information of the ionized layer. The method disclosed by the invention is high in robustness and high in calculation speed, can meet the requirements of GNSS receivers in different areas for relatively high-precision real-time ionosphere measurement, so that high-precision ionosphere TEC parameters are obtained, and the method has an important practical value.