The invention relates to a microporous filter core for filtering water solution, in particular to a filter core for filtering water solution with filtering, adsorption and sterilization functions and a preparation method of the filter core. The filter core comprises 28 percent to 65 percent of diatomite, 13 percent to 50 percent of active carbon, 11 percent to 48 percent of polyethylene and 11 percent to 48 percent of medical stone according to the weight percentage. The filter core has the advantages that the material selection is reasonable, the produced filter core can be used for effectively removing impurities including rust, suspension materials, colloid and the like in tap water, residual chlorine in the tap water can be effectively removed, pathogenic bacteria can be effectively removed, and the retention rate reaches 99.99 percent. Meanwhile, the water passing flow rate can be increased, the service life is prolonged, and the filter core can be repeatedly used after being irregularly cleaned according to different water qualities. The preparation method of the filter core is simple, preparation materials only need to be mixed according to the certain weight ratio and uniformly mixed, and the finished product filter core can be produced after the materials are filled into a forming machine, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.