The invention relates to the field of fluorescence sensing concentration monitoring, in particular to a floating algae concentration monitor based on a fluorescence sensing technology, which comprises a monitoring processor, a fixing structure is arranged on the outer side of the monitoring processor, the fixing structure comprises a bottom plate, and a vertical frame is fixedly connected to the rear side of the top end of the bottom plate. The top end of the monitoring processor is slidably connected with a pressing plate, the rear end of the pressing plate is fixedly connected with a first threaded shaft, and the first threaded shaft is slidably connected with the vertical frame. According to the invention, through the arrangement of the monitoring processor, the first transmission line, the relay processor and the second transmission line, when a large number of floating algae environments need to be monitored, a worker connects the first transmission line to the monitoring processor and the relay processor, and connects the second transmission line between the relay processor and a notebook computer, and the monitoring processor is matched with the relay processor to analyze signals transmitted by monitoring, so that the concentration analysis rate of the algae environment is increased, and the monitoring precision is improved.